• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1980

This is an analysis of 32 patients who received long continuous corticosteroid drug due to some diseases. Patients were collected from June 1976 to March 1980. Blood cortisol level, variation of diurnal rhythm and side effects were studied. The Result as follows: 1. Side effects were observed in 24 patients(75%) and most common complaint was obesity. 2. Diurnal rhythm analysed by Doe's method shows abnormal diurnal rhythm is 21 out of 32(66%). 3. Mean durations or therapy of abnormal diurnal rhythm and normal diurnal rhythm were $55.7{\pm}4.4$ months and $43.9{\pm}7.0$ months respectively which shows statistically significant difference. 4. Mean cortisol value of steroid treated patients were lower than normal. 5. Reverse diurnal rhythm was 4 out of 21 patients. 6. 8 A.M. cortisol value is lower than 2 times of 8 P.M. in all patients who showed abnormal diurnal rhythm except one.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.829-836
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• 2010

Purpose : This study investigated the diurnal rhythm of cortisol in male and female adolescents. Methods : Salivary cortisol was examined in 52 normally developing subjects aged 13 to 14 years. Subjects provided saliva samples at 08:00h, 12:00h, 16:00h and 20:00h. Results : Males and females showed similar pattern of cortisol, which elevated cortisol in the morning and decreased in the evening. There were no differences of gender at 08:00h, 12;00h and 20:00h. There were also not difference between males and females using an area under the curve analysis. Conclusions : The same diurnal cortisol rhythm were found in male and female adolescents. Further research is needed to examine differences of gender in cortisol awakening response.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.873-879
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• 2005

This study was investigate to evaluate the phosphate uptake rate of green algae in relation to diurnal rhythm and algae control method. The phosphate uptake rates of Chlorella vulgaris and Ankistrodesmus convolutus increased in light period and decreased in dark period. On the contrary, those of Chlamydomonas sp. showed a peak in the late dark period. The differences among species in phosphate uptake in relation to diurnal rhythm were due to the severe competition among species and seemed to alleviate the competition for nutrient supplies. The compound of CellCaSi, Ca and Fe showed the effective removal of the phosphorus. The extracts from rice and barley straw exhibited a significant effect on the growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.575-583
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• 2021

Composition of the gut microbiota changes with aging and plays an important role in age-associated disease such as metabolic syndrome, cancer, and neurodegeneration. The gut microbiota composition oscillates through the day, and the disruption of their diurnal rhythm results in gut dysbiosis leading to metabolic and immune dysfunctions. It is well documented that circadian rhythm changes with age in several biological functions such as sleep, body temperature, and hormone secretion. However, it is not defined whether the diurnal pattern of gut microbial composition is affected by aging. To evaluate aging effects on the diurnal pattern of the gut microbiome, we evaluated the taxa profiles of cecal contents obtained from young and aged mice of both sexes at daytime and nighttime points by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. At the phylum level, the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia and Cyanobacteria were increased in aged male mice at night compared with that of young male mice. Meanwhile, the relative abundances of Sutterellaceae, Alloprevotella, Lachnospiraceae UCG-001, and Parasutterella increased in aged female mice at night compared with that of young female mice. The Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group relative abundance increased in aged mice of both sexes but at opposite time points. These results showed the changes in diurnal patterns of gut microbial composition with aging, which varied depending on the sex of the host. We suggest that disturbed diurnal patterns of the gut microbiome can be a factor for the underlying mechanism of age-associated gut dysbiosis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2009

Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) are known to get activated during various stress signals and transduce the message from the cell membrane to the nucleus for appropriate cellular reorganization. Though, a certain basal activity of MAPK is often observed in the control plants. Prolonged exposure of rice plants to lowered or elevated temperature exhibited a rhythm in the activation of MAPKs. We analyzed existence of a possible endogenous rhythm in the activity of MAPKs in rice plants. The plants growing at constant temperature entrained in 16/8 h day-night cycle showed diurnal rhythm in activity. When the activation of MAPK was tested under continuous conditions by shifting plants to continuous darkness for a period of 72 h, the periodic rhythm persisted and followed a circadian pattern. Analysis of the transcripts of group A, B and C members of MAPKs under above conditions by quantitative real time PCR revealed that the members of group C exhibit periodic rhythm. Our data indicates that the MAP kinase activity in rice follows rhythmic expression in a circadian manner.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.23-34
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• 1984

실험적으로 명암주기 또는 암주기에 적응시킨 백서의 간뇌 homogenate에서 opiate receptor의 일중변동 유무를 검토하고, circadian rhythm에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려진 수종 중추작용약물의 영향을 보고 저 7 group에서 4시간 간격으로 1일 6회 maximum $^3H-morphine$ binding을 측정하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) L : D, 12 : 12에 적응시킨 대조군에서 maximum $^3H-morphine$ binding은 22시에 최고에 달하는 매우 유의한 일중변동을 보였고, 24시간 평균 $^3H-morphine$ binding치는 $0.45{\pm}0.03\;pmole/mg Protein이었다. 2) 지속적인 암적응을 시킨 D : D, 12 :12군에서 $^3H-morphine$ binding의 일중변동은 14시에 최하, 그리고 2시에 최고의 binding치를 보이는 만상성의 일주변동은 보였으며 대조군의 곡선과는 그 shape, Phase, 진폭, 최고 또는 최하 binding시기 및 24시간평균 opiate수용체의 수에 현저한 차이가 있었다. 3) 지속적인 암적응, reserpine, pargyline, imipramine, amphetamine 또는 chlorpromazine 처리는 opiate receptor의 일중변동을 변화시켰다. 4) 그러나 전 실험군에서 Kd치는 변동되지 않았다. 이상 실험성적으로 백서뇌내 opiate수용체의 일중변동은 수용체의 질적변동이 아닌 수적인변동에 의하고, 지속적인 암적응이나 circadian rhythm을 변동시키는 중추성 약물들이 opiate receptor의 일중변동을 변화시킬 수 있으며, 또한 동통을 포함하여 제종 진통제의 효과가 일중변동을 일으키는 것은 opiate receptor의 일중변동과 일정한 관계가 있을 것으로 추측하였다.

• 수면정신생리
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2004

Circadian rhythm is a global phenomenon, the control mechanisms of which are manifested at every level of biological organization, from genes and intracellular mechanisms to networks of cell populations, and to all central neuronal systems at the organismic level. In pharmacotherapy, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as drug absorption and distribution, drug metabolism, and renal elimination show diurnal variations. The symptoms and signs in diseases like asthma, myocardiac infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension and stroke also show diurnal fluctuations. These observations require drug treatment considering the circadian rhythm of body function and disease. Circadian time has to be taken into account as an important variable influencing a drug's pharmacokinetics and/or its effects or side effects in clinical practice.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2001

Red sea bream, Pagrus major a fish species characterized by its dualistic feeding pattern, was investigated to study the synchronizing effect of light and food on the demand-feeding rhythm. Nocturnal and diurnal red sea bream, both in groups and individually, were exposed to restricted-feeding and Light-Dark cycles of different periods. The phase relationship between both zeitgebers was also studied. In some cases, food availability restricted to the light or dark phase contrary to that of the previous feeding phase changed a diurnal feeding pattern into nocturnal and vice versa, suggesting that food can be one of the switching factors that decides whether the circadian system of red sea bream is diurnal or nocturnal. However, the fact that the feeding pattern of some fish was unrelated with the phase in which food was available suggests that other internal and/or external-factors could be involved in the temporal flexibility of red sea bream.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.151-160
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• 2022

Continuous monitoring of intracranial pressure is a well established medical procedure. Still, little is known about long-term behavior of intracranial pressure in normal pressure hydrocephalus. The present study is designed to evaluate periodicity of intracranial pressure over long-time scales using intraventricular pressure monitoring in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. In addition, the circadian and diurnal patterns of blood pressure and body temperature in those patients are studied. Four patients, selected with "probable" normal pressure hydrocephalus, were monitored for several dozen hours. Intracranial pressure, blood pressure, and body temperature were recorded hourly. Autocorrelation functions were calculated and cross-correlation analysis were carried out to study all the time-series data. Autocorrelation results show that intracranial pressure, blood pressure, and body temperature values follow bimodal (positive and negative) curves over a day. The cross-correlation functions demonstrate causal relationships between intracranial pressure, blood pressure, and body temperature. The results show that long-term fluctuations in intracranial pressure exhibit cyclical patterns with periods of about 24 hours. Continuous intracranial pressure recording in "probable" normal pressure hydrocephalus patients reveals circadian fluctuations not related to the day and night cycle. These fluctuations are causally related to changes in blood pressure and body temperature. The present study reveals the complete loss of the diurnal blood pressure and body temperature rhythmicities in patients with "probable" normal pressure hydrocephalus.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.35-47
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• 1984

실험적으로 L:D, 12:12또는 D:D, 12:12에 적응시킨 흰쥐의 간뇌에서 beta-endorphin함량의 일중변동과 이에 대한 수종 중추성 약물의 효과를 검토하고 beta-endorphin함량의 생리 및 약리학적 의의를 추구코저 $^3H-morphine$ binding을 측정하여 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) L:D, 12:12 cycle에 적응시킨 대조군에서 뇌내 beta-endorphin함량은 06 : 00시 에 최고에 달하고 18 : 00시에 최저인 대단히 유의한 일중변동을 일으켰고 24시간 평균 beta-endorphin함량은 $46.7{\pm}3.6$ fmole/mg protein 이었다. 2) D:D, 12:12에 적응시친 표본에서 beta-endorphin 함량은 대조군에서와는 달리 14 : 00시에 최고에 이르고 02 : 00시에 최저에 이르는 일중변동을 보였으며 24시간 평균 beta-endorphin함량도 대조군에 비하여 현저히 감소되었다. 3) 뇌내 beta-endorphin함량 일중별동은 reserpine. pargyline, imipramine, amphetamine. 또는 chlorpromazine처리로써 변동되었다. 4) 대조군에서 $^3H-morphine$ binding은 22 : 00시에 최고에 달하는 일중변동을 보였으며, 지속적인 암적응군에서의 binding은 02 : 00최고, 그리고 14 : 00시에 최하에 이르는 일중변동을 보였다. 5) 대조군과 지속적인 암적응군에서 함량과 maximum $^3H-morphine$ binding간에는 유의한 역상관관계가 있었다. 이상의 실험성적으로 흰쥐 뇌내 beta-endorphin함량과 수용체는 유의란 일중변동을 일으키고 opiate receptor binding의 일중변동은 beta-·endorphin함량변동에 따른 receptor regulation에 의함을 시사하며 또한 지속적인 암적응을 포함하여 수종 중추에 작용하는 약물들이 endorphin함량 일중변동을 변동시킬 수 있음을 보여 준다.