• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2002

This study described computer aided die design system for cold forging of non-axisymmetric parts such as gears and splines. To design the cold forging die, an integrated approach based on a rule-base system and commercial F. E. code were adopted. This system is implemented on the personal computer and its environment is a commercial CAD package named as Auto CAD. The system includes four modules. In the initial data input module, variables which are necessary to design of die are inputted by user and die material are selected from the database according to the variables. In the analysis and redesign module, stress distribution acting on the designed die is analyzed by commercial FEM code NISA II with elastic mode. If die failure predicted, the designed die would modified in four ways to prevent die failure in both states of stress free and pressurizing. The developed system provides useful date and powerful capabilities for die design of non-axisymmetric parts.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2000

The aim of the work described in this paper is to develop a complex underground acoustic system which detects and localizes the origin of an underground hammering sound using an array of hydrophones located about 100m underground. Three different methods for the sound localization will be presented, a time-delay method, a power-attenuation method and a hybrid method. In the time-delay method, the cross correlation of the signals received from the array of sensors is used to calculate the time delays between those signals. In the power-attenuation method, the powers of the received signals provide a measure of the distances of the source from the sensors. In the hybrid method, both informations of time-delays and power-ratios are coupled together to produce better performance of position estimation. A new acoustic imaging technique has been developed for improving the hybrid method. This new acoustic imaging method shows the multi-dimensional distribution of the normalized cost function, so as to indicate the trend of the minimizing direction toward the source location. For each method the sound localization is carried out in three dimensions underground. The distance between the true and estimated origins of the source is 28m for a search area of radius 250m.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.639-650
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• 2008

Electricity price forecasting has become an integral part of power system operation and control. In this paper, a wavelet transform (WT) based neural network (NN) model to forecast price profile in a deregulated electricity market has been presented. The historical price data has been decomposed into wavelet domain constitutive sub series using WT and then combined with the other time domain variables to form the set of input variables for the proposed forecasting model. The behavior of the wavelet domain constitutive series has been studied based on statistical analysis. It has been observed that forecasting accuracy can be improved by the use of WT in a forecasting model. Multi-scale analysis from one to seven levels of decomposition has been performed and the empirical evidence suggests that accuracy improvement is highest at third level of decomposition. Forecasting performance of the proposed model has been compared with (i) a heuristic technique, (ii) a simulation model used by Ontario's Independent Electricity System Operator (IESO), (iii) a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model, (iv) NN model, (v) Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model, (vi) Dynamic Regression (DR) model, and (vii) Transfer Function (TF) model. Forecasting results show that the performance of the proposed WT based NN model is satisfactory and it can be used by the participants to respond properly as it predicts price before closing of window for submission of initial bids.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.17-28
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• 1994

There are many possibilities that may lead to low quality of drinking water Recently, some unknown deposits in tap water raised a lot of public concern regarding the safety of drinking water in Seoul. We analyzed the quality of tap water from several areas of Seoul, including the area where public complaints about tap water were high. The results shows that the quality of tap water in Seoul was good, well below the environmental standards. Only the tap water from the area with high public complaints showed turbidity higher than that of other area. Also, result shows that component of deposit in tap water was Al, Fe, Mn, and Zn. Based on the research result we propose several measures that might help to reduce the amount of deposit in tap water as follows : 1 Using coagulant aid when coagulating or adjusting pH when filtering. 2. Replacing old water pipeline with new corrosive- resistant one. 3. Increasing water treatment efficiency by enhancing water treatment system such as automation of water treatment system adjusting production capacity, and improving operational condition of filler basin. 4. Chlorine disinfection at the distribution reservoir would help maintaining the same pH level and chlorine concentration throughout the water pipeline and reduce corrosion of pipe.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.124-130
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• 2012

An injection mold cooling circuit for an automotive front bumper was optimally designed in order to simultaneously minimize the average of the standard deviations of the temperature and the difference in mean temperatures of the upper and lower molds for uniform cooling. The temperature distribution for a specified design was evaluated by Moldflow Insight 2010, a commercial injection molding analysis tool. For efficient design, PIAnO (Process Integration, Automation and Optimization), a commercial PIDO tool, was used to integrate and automate injection molding analysis procedure. The weighted-sum method was used to handle the multi-objective optimization problem and PQRSM, a function-based sequential approximate optimizer equipped in PIAnO, to handle numerically noisy responses with respect to the variation of design variables. The optimal average of the standard deviations and difference in mean temperatures were found to be reduced by 9.2% and 56.52%, respectively, compared to the initial ones.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1520-1532
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• 2003

An experiment was performed to obtain the local heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number in a circular duct with a 180$^{\circ}$ bend for Re=6 x 10$^4$, 8 x 10$^4$ and 1 x 10$\^$5/ under swirling flow and non-swirling flow conditions. The test tube with a circular section was made from stainless steel having a curvature ration of 9.4. Current heat flux of 5.11 kW/㎡ was applied to the test tube by electrical power and the swirling motion of air was produced by a tangential inlet to the pipe axis at 180$^{\circ}$. Measurements of local wall temperatures and the bulk mean temperatures of air were made at four circumferential positions at 16 stations. The wall temperatures showed a reduced distribution curve at the bend for the non-swirling flow, but this effect did not appear for the swirling flow. The Nusselt number distributions for the swirling flow, which was calculated from the measured wall and the bulk temperatures, were higher than that of the non-swirling flow. The average Nusselt number of the swirling flow increased by about 90-100%, compared to that of the non-swirling flow. The Nu/Nu$\_$DB/ values at the 90$^{\circ}$ station for non-swirling flow and swirling flow were approximately 2.5 and 4.8 at Re=6x10$^4$ respectively. The values agree well with Said's results for non-swirling flow.

• IE interfaces
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.233-241
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• 2004

The main subject to become a hub port is automation. The automated container terminal has already operated in advanced ports and it has been planned for the basic planning and operation design in domestic case. The key of automated container terminal is effective operation of both ATC(automated transfer crane) and AGV(automated guided vehicle) which is automated handling equipments. This is essential to productivity of automated container terminal. This study suggests the most optimal method of equipment operation in order to minimize loading time using each three types of effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in automated container terminals. As the automated equipment operation causes unexpected deadlocks or interferences, it should be proceeded on event-based real time. Therefore we propose the most effective ATC operation methods and AGV dispatching rules in this paper. The various states occurred in real automated container terminals are simulated to evaluate these methods. This experiment will show the most robust automated equipment operation method on various parameters(the degree of yard re-marshaling, the number of containers and AGV)

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.287-298
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• 2000

The UCA is a standard-based approach to utility communications which provides for wide scale integration of functional areas including customer interface, distribution, transmission, power plant, control center, and corporate information systems. Field devices in the power facilities require real-time communications, and they must be interconnected into fieldbus. This study introduces a method of implementing gateway that interfaces UCA and fieldbus. In this study, PROFIBUS and FOUNDATION Fieldbus are selected as candidate fieldbus protocols. Protocol interface in the gateway can be accomplished by mapping objects and services of UCA and fieldbus. MOst of the UCAs CASM objects and services are directly mapped into those of the application and user layers of fieldbus. However, some CASM services are not supported in the application and user layers of fieldbus. This study presents the method of implementing those services. In order to show that the implementation of interface is possible, this study presents pseudo-codes of interface program that maps the objects and services of UCA and fieldbus.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07a
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• pp.250-252
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• 2005

배전 변전소 무인화는 변전소 자동화 기술을 기반으로 하기 때문에 변전소 운영의 안정성과 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서는 변전소내의 각 설비들이 원격감시제어, 자율제어 그리고 사고를 사전에 방지하거나 인지하기 위한 설비진단을 지원할 수 있는 디지털 지능형 전력설비(IED)로 진화돼야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 변전소내의 각 설비 IED드로부터 제공되는 데이터 정보로부터 무인화 변전소 운영의 안정성과 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있도록 지원하는 무인화 변전소 운전지원 지능형 솔루션을 설계하고, 디지털 수배전반의 지능형 제어모듈의 추배전 변전소 무인화는 변전소 자동화 기술을 기반으로 하기 때문에 변전소 운영의 안정성과 신뢰성을 확보하기 위해서는 변전소내의 각 설비들이 원격감시제어, 자율제어 그리고 사고를 사전에 방지하거나 인지하기 위한 설비진단을 지원할 수 있는 디지털 지능형 전력설비(IED)로 진화돼야 한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 변전소내의 각 설비 IED드로부터 제공되는 데이터 정보로부터 무인화 변전소 운영의 안정성과 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있도록 지원하는 무인화 변전소 운전지원 지능형 솔루션을 설계하고, 디지털 수배전반의 지능형 제어모듈의 추론 메카니즘, 상위 감시 제어 시스템과의 자유로운 데이터 교환을 위한 통신기법을 설계한다. 론 메카니즘, 상위 감시 제어 시스템과의 자유로운 데이터 교환을 위한 통신기법을 설계한다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.327-328
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• 2006

배전자동화 시스템은 컴퓨터와 통신기술을 활용하여 원거리에 산재되어 있는 배전선로용 개폐장치를 현장에 가지 않고 제어실에서 원격 명령으로 운전상태를 감시하고 제어하며, 고장정보를 수집하여 고장구간을 판단하여 처리하고, 전압과 전류 등 선로운전 정보를 자동으로 수집하여 배전계통을 최적 상태로 운전하도록 하는 시스템이다. 국내에서는 변전소 원격감시제어 시스템인 SCADA와 배전선로의 개폐장치를 원격감시 제어하는 배전자동화 시스템인 DAS가 별도로 운영되지만, 외국의 경우에는 대부분 SCADA와 DAS가 통합되어 운영되고 있다. 또한 배전자동화에 대한 개념, 시스템의 기능, 배전자동화에서 처리하는 업무영역 등이 우리나라의 배전자동화 시스템과 다르다. 특히 소규모 변전소 원격감시제어 시스템인 SCADA와 배전선로의 개폐장치를 원격감시 제어하는 배전자동화 시스템을 통합한 시스템을 많이 사용하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 외국의 배전자동화 기술동향을 분석하고, 우리나라의 배전자동화 기술과 비교하여, 국외 수출이 가능한 배전자동화 중앙제어장치가 가져야 하는 주요핵심 기능인 배전관리시스템(DMS), 지리정보시스템(GIS), 정전관리시스템(OMS) 등의 개발 방향에 대해 기술하고자 한다.