• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.11
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• pp.297-305
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• 2021

The study aims to investigate loyalty rewards programs on customers' satisfaction in Jordanian banks, and to investigate the statistical differences in loyalty rewards programs and customers' satisfaction according to demographics such as age, sex, education level, duration of engagement with bank, and the type of bank. The study is based on the data obtained from the sample. The questionnaire is the tool for collecting data from the respondents. The study materials include website resources, regular books, journals, and articles. The study population consists customers in the banking sector. The figures indicate that number of actual customers reaches 2.06 million. The sample size requirement is 386 items. Customers are split between traditional and Islamic banks, with 231 and 155 customers respectively. The stratified random sampling technique and the structural equations modeling methodology were used. The results show moderated impact of the loyalty rewards programs on customers' satisfaction. The results show statistical differences in the loyalty rewards programs and customers' satisfaction according to the engagement period with the bank only. The findings suggest better managing the loyalty programs and developing one credit card for all banks in Jordan.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.63-79
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• 2021

The KJC and KCI services operated by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) need to refer to the global citation index database to set the service direction that researchers want and develop new functions. Therefore, in this study, the usability of Korea's KJC and KCI web databases was evaluated. In addition, FGI verification was performed for a group of experts on KJC and KCI improvement measures derived by academic information experts. The evaluation committee consisted of the researcher group, the society related group, the publisher (academic information distribution organization) group, and the policy-making organization group. A total of 16 experts performed usability evaluation and service improvement proposals for KJC and KCI services. As a result of usability evaluation of KJC and KCI web database using SUS measurement tool, KJC service was evaluated as 73.44, and KCI service was evaluated as good as 64.38. KJC improvement proposals were evaluated positively with 4 points or more for all improvement items, and KCI improvement proposals were positively evaluated with 3.5 points or more for all improvement items. Overall, KJC and KCI error improvements were evaluated with a score of 4 or more, showing strong affirmations. In the future, it is hoped that the improvement proposals and improvements proposed in this study will be applied to the development of KJC and KCI services, so that more quality services will be used by domestic researchers.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.61-68
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• 2021

The exchange rate is considered a tool improving the volume of exports and reducing imports. This paper aims to determine the impact of the exchange rate on exports and imports between Vietnam and the United States in the context of the trade war. The research uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) Model in the time-series data from 2010:1 to 2020:9. The ARDL's results support that real exchange rate impact on export and import volumes, but less than the trade war. The trade war helps trade balance increase 0.35%, while the exchange rate increases trade balance 0.191% when the Vietnamese currency devalues 1% in the long run. In the short term, the real exchange rate makes the trade balance decrease. Therefore, the J curve exists between Vietnam and the U.S. The NARDL expresses that the exchange rate is asymmetric both in the short term and the long term. The findings of this study point to two important elements. Firstly, the exchange rate plays a minor role in exports and imports. Secondly, trade war plays a vital role in increasing exports and imports volume between two countries, and the J curve exists between the two countries.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.253-263
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• 2021

This research aims to increase the tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang. This research uses the extended criteria of Resource-based View (RBV): VRIOLU (Valuable, Rare, Inimitable, Organization, Large Market, Unmet Need) to analyze tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang. A qualitative approach with a case study research design is adopted in this research. Data was collected using data triangulation, such as an in-depth interview with the informants, direct observation in the form of field notes, and picture documentation. The data was analyzed manually by the researchers using thematic analysis. In this research, VRIOLU, the extended criteria of RBV is proven that it can be used as a tool to analyze tourism destination competitiveness by giving the researchers a framework to get the answers from the informants to achieve the research aim. Suggestions to improve the tourism destination competitiveness for the city of Malang include: (1) Actively promoting the added value that can be given by the city of Malang to the visitors; (2) Forming a tourism board to manage the city of Malang as a tourism destination in a holistic manner; (3) Creating synergistic promotion between the stakeholders of tourism operator and governments.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.303-314
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• 2021

The higher the firm performance, the more chances enterprises can expand and develop their production, create jobs, and improve the workers' living quality. The main objective of this study was to measure the internal factors influencing the firm's performance of food and beverage (F&B) firms listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX). Data was collected on 15 F&B firms listed on the HNX from 2015 to 2019 We use mixed research method, both qualitative and quantitative. For the quantitative research method, the supporting tool is Stata13 software. The results via Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression method show the impacts of internal factors with the following observed variables: the ratio of short-term debt to total liabilities (CS1) and total assets (S2) have an opposite impact (-) on ROA and ROE; debt-to-total assets ratio (CS2) has an opposite effect (-) on ROA; growth of total assets (G2) of the growth factor positively affects (+) ROA and ROE, the remaining factors do not affect ROA and ROE; and internal factors do not influence ROS. Based on the findings, some recommendations have been proposed to help the F&B firms listed on the Hanoi Stock Exchange improving their firm performance in the future.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.505-513
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• 2021

Poverty is often referred to as a phenomenon of scarcity, inadequacy or instability of income. Besides, poverty can also cause health issues, exacerbate social problems, leading to isolation, discrimination and loss of a bright future. Lately, the role of zakat (the compulsory giving of a set proportion of one's wealth to charity) as a useful tool in combating poverty has been highlighted since zakat collected will be distributed specifically to the poor and needy groups. This paper seeks to assess the role of zakat in combating poverty among recipients. A questionnaire was distributed to 300 participants selected from the list of recipients who received assistance from Zakat institutions. A cluster random sampling has been utilized to select sampling from the target population. The data were analyzed using SPSS to provide descriptive analysis. Past evidence has shown how zakat has able to transform the recipient into a payer especially through education or business assistance. Proper management of zakat institution is seen as a powerful mechanism to facilitate community development and to strengthen the Muslim economy. Results show the importance of zakat in the effort to eradicate poverty and further able to improve the asnaf's quality of life.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a single most arthritic disease. Knee joint space width (JSW) is commonly used for grading severity of knee OA. However, previous studies did not established criterion validity and test-retest reliability of ultrasound (US) image for measuring JSW. Objects: The aim of this study was to establish criterion validity and test-retest reliability of US measurement of medial and lateral knee JSW. Methods: Twenty-nine subjects with knee OA were participated. The US and X-ray were used to measure knee JSW. One sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to confirm the data normal distribution. Pearson correlation coefficient and ICC were used to calculated and establish criterion validity and test-retest reliability, respectively. Results: US measurement of medial and lateral knee JSW was highly correlated with radiographic imaging measure (r=.714 and .704, respectively). Test-retest reliabilities of medial and lateral knee JSW were excellent correlated (ICC=.959 for medial side and .988 for lateral side, respectively). Conclusion: US may be valid tool to measure knee JSW.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

In the current era of digital technology, and with the help of existing software, digital photo manipulation is becoming easier and faster. One example of this is the development of powerful image processing software that makes it easy for a digital image to be manipulated and edited. It is therefore very important to protect and maintain public trust in digital images. Several methods have been developed to detect image manipulation. In this paper, we compare two methods for detecting image duplication due to copy-move actions, namely the polar coordinate system and the histogram of oriented gradients methods. The former is a method based on the transfer of a Cartesian image to a polar form, making it easy to tell whether there are objects that have undergone a copy/move in an image, while the latter is a method for retrieving information related to the distribution, which uses a target in the local area as a tool to represent the shape of the target. We compare the accuracy, speed and memory usage of these two methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2019

Acoustics are increasingly regarded as a remote-sensing tool that provides the basis for classifying and mapping ocean resources including seabed classification. It has long been understood that details about the character of the seabed (roughness, sediment type, grain-size distribution, porosity, and material density) are embedded in the acoustical echoes from the seabed. This study developed a sophisticated yet easy-to-use technique to discriminate seabed characteristics using a split beam echosounder. Acoustic survey was conducted in Tongyeong waters, South Korea in June 2018, and the verification of acoustic seabed classification was made by the Van Veen grab sampler. The acoustic scattering signals extracted the seabed hardness and roughness components as well as various seabed features. The seabed features were selected using the principal component analysis, and the seabed classification was performed by the K-means clustering. As a result, three seabed types such as sand, mud, and shell were discriminated. This preliminary study presented feasible application of a sounder to classify the seabed substrates. It can be further developed for characterizing marine habitats on a variety of spatial scales and studying the ecological characteristic of fishes near the habitats.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.33.3-34
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• 2018

Galaxy clusters contain a diffuse component of stars outside galaxies, that is observed as intracluster light (ICL). Since the ICL abundance increases during various dynamical exchanges of galaxies, the amount of ICL can act as a measurement tool for the dynamical stage of galaxy clusters. There are two prominent ICL formation scenarios; one is related to the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) major mergers, and the other to the tidal stripping of galaxies. However, it is still under debate as to which is the main ICL formation mechanism. In this study we improve on earlier observational constraints of the ICL origin, by investigating it in a massive fossil cluster at z~0.47. Fossil clusters are believed to be dynamically matured galaxy clusters which have dominant BCGs. Recent simulation studies imply that, BCGs have assembled 85~90% of their mass by z~0.4 (e.g., Contini et al. 2014). Thus our target is an optimal test bed to examine the BCG-related scenario. Our deep images and Multi-Object Spectroscopic observations of the target fossil cluster (Gemini North 2018A) allow us to extract the ICL distribution, ICL color map and ICL fraction to cluster light. We will present a possible constraint of the ICL origin and discuss its connection to the BCG and the host galaxy cluster.