• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 2021

Purpose - This study investigated the development process of the Chinese distribution industry and analyzed the current status of China's offline and online distribution industries under the development process of the Chinese distribution industry. In addition, the current status of offline distributors in China and representative companies were analyzed as case studies. Research design, data, and methodology - This study analyzed the overall environment of the Chinese distribution industry by using literature data. Then, this study conducted a case analysis using RT Mart and Jingdong, major companies in the distribution industry. Result -The main research results of this study show that the Chinese distribution market has already matured, and retailers are fiercely competing to secure sales and operating profits through various methods such as finding new management methods, improving awareness and customer loyalty by expanding the number of stores. Conclusion -Recently, the characteristic of China's distribution industry is that the boundaries of distribution are breaking down. Chinese retailers are taking strategies to expand the scope of services by erasing the boundaries of distribution. In other words, distribution companies are promoting a borderless distribution strategy in which consumers purchase products online and offline without restrictions on time and space. In addition, small stores in residential areas are on the rise compared to large-scale stores in the city center. The existing distribution industry operates various types of distribution stores to prepare for the post-COVID-19 crisis.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.15 no.5
• /
• pp.195-215
• /
• 2010

Large-scale discount stores, that were in charge of leading role up to recently, reach the limit of growth because of increasing competition, saturation of domestic market, and shortened product life-cycle. As per the limit of domestic market, large-scale discount stores are trying to various global market entry strategy and global marketing strategy like new store entry, takeover of foreign distribution chain, and global sourcing strategy. In the past, global companies of advanced country have been entering to Asian market with leading position. But, as per the rapid growth of Asian economy in the late 1980's, East Asian distribution companies like Japanese company were trying to enter the Asian market. In Asian market, starting with China, that was relatively not advanced in comparison with economic development, not only western advanced countries but also East Asian countries like Japan and Korea are entering actively for overcome their limitations of domestic market. Many of distribution companies experienced success and failure for various reason already. Korean large-scale discount stores are relatively late starters in Asian market. So, this paper purposed to review global market entry strategy of Japanese large-scale discount stores, and find out strategic implications for successful global market entry strategy of Korean large-scale discount stores.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.71-98
• /
• 1998

This study aimed to investigate how such retailers as department stores, large discount stores, book wholesalers, and clothing wholesalers used information technology for the QR strategy and whether the QR strategy had an effect on performance with a focus on the pipeline strategy. For this purpose, the QR strategy was divided into transaction efficiency, supplier partnership, and customer detail strategy. The differences in performance and information technology were analyzed according to the fit of the pipeline strategy, such as internal focus, supplier focus, and customer focus, the business strategy which were used by the retailers. And, an attempt was made to investigate whether performance was raised according to the level of adopting information technology. The results can be summarized as allows. First, the adaptive level of information technology had an effect on performance. But, seeing that the explanatory power of the regression analysis on the effect of the adaptive level of information technology on performance was shown to be very weak, it is judged that the level of QR information technology in the responding firms was very low compared to that of foreign firms. Second, information technology used by the retailers included universal product code, bar coding, customer database, and information utilities. It was shown that the group of firms seeking the transaction efficiency QR strategy and the internal focus pipeline strategy had the higher level of information technology than the retailers seeking other customer detail QR strategy and the customer focus pipeline strategy and the retailers with inconsistent strategy. This indicates that the firm seeking to raise its internal efficiency has a high level of using information technology. At the end of the paper, managerial implication and future research directions were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.99-113
• /
• 1999

The Korean distribution market is now faced with various difficult problems. for instance, the withering of domestic demand by effect of IMF support system, the competitive foreign enterprise's entry into domestic distribution market by opening of its market, and the diversity and unexpected change of consumers' needs. Through the comparative study with Japanese distribution industry, we could find out the outline of information strategy that Korean wholesalers and retailers can solve such problems and stand at competitive advantage in Korean distribution market. We use information system in order to get data for consumers' needs quick and diversely. analyze those accurately, and put those into merchandising. So we have to work out the information strategy in line with the three-point principle, such as the integration or linking of information systems, the sustaining improvement and development of information systems, and the sharing of information.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.15-23
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This research focused on the fact that the Internet platform is integral to IoT products such as Smart home and studied consumer buying decisions when products are sold bundled with internet service. Contrary to the sales strategies of telecommunication companies, some companies sell IoT products alone, for example Google, Kakao, and Naver. In this market situation, the sales strategies of Korean telecommunication companies were analyzed with bundling theory and technology acceptance model, then it was conducted to figure out which sales and distribution strategies could affect consumers' purchase behavior. Research design, data, methodology: Data was collected by149 questionnaires from groups who are familiar with IoT smart home systems, then exploratory factor analysis and regression were used to analyze the research model. Results: The results revealed that the perceived ease of use and the perceived usefulness affect the purchase intention of IoT-based products; however, this effect was not found in the case of bundled products. In other words, it is found that selling and distributing Internet services and IoT products together does not affect consumers' purchases. Conclusion: It is suggested that Korean telecommunications companies' existing sales and distribution strategies for IoT products need to be changed according to its characteristics.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.16 no.10
• /
• pp.5-21
• /
• 2018

Purpose - This case study reviews the development history of Lotte Shopping, which has played a key role in modernizing Korea's retail industry. Research design, data, and methodology - Lotte Shopping's expansion to various channel types has been reviewed from the perspective of the resource-based view of strategy. The opening of Lotte Department Store in 1979 signaled the beginning of the modernized distribution system in Korea. Lotte Shopping expanded its business domains to various types of retail channels, such as discount stores, online shopping malls, TV home shopping, convenience stores, supermarkets, home appliances specialty stores and health & beauty stores. Results - Lotte Shopping has been able to maintain high level of customer satisfaction with leading merchandising skills. It has developed mutually beneficial relationship with the partner firms. It has also been a leading firm in implementing corporate social responsibility activities and environment-friendly management. Lotte Shopping has applied advanced information and communication technology to provide customized goods/services. Conclusions - This study summarizes the business environment and new challenges Lotte Shopping faces currently. Lotte Shopping is trying to reinforce the omni-channel strategy, which can create synergy among various distribution channels based on its core competences.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.71-81
• /
• 2017

When an integral pressurized water reactor is operated under low power conditions, once-through steam generator group operation strategy is applied. However, group operation strategy will cause nonuniform coolant flow distribution at the core inlet and lower plenum. To help coolant flow mix more uniformly, a flow mixing chamber (FMC) has been designed. In this paper, computational fluid dynamics methods have been used to investigate the coolant distribution by the effect of FMC. Velocity and temperature characteristics under different low power conditions and optimized FMC configuration have been analyzed. The results illustrate that the FMC can help improve the nonuniform coolant temperature distribution at the core inlet effectively; at the same time, the FMC will induce more resistance in the downcomer and lower plenum.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.101-112
• /
• 2021

Purpose: This study aims to explain the effect distribution strategy and competitiveness of entrepreneurial personality on marketing capabilities and performance, the effect of marketing capabilities on marketing performance, the role of marketing capabilities as a mediating variable on the effect of entrepreneurial personality on marketing performance, and the role of credit access moderating effect of entrepreneurial personality on marketing capabilities and performance. Research design, data, and methodology: This research was conducted in Bali, on a small clothing industry. The sample size was set at 150 respondents, using a cluster random sampling approach. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques and partial least square. Result: The findings show that; entrepreneurial personality and marketing capabilities have a significant effect on marketing performance, entrepreneurial personality has a significant effect on marketing capabilities. Another result shows that marketing capability mediates the effect of entrepreneurial personality on marketing performance, access to credit acts as a moderating predictor, and as quasi moderating the effect of entrepreneurial personality on marketing performance. Conclusions: Entrepreneurs should try to increase their knowledge and skills in marketing formally or informally. Competence in terms of individual knowledge and skills can indicate social capital investment, which indirectly contributes to one's mindset and insight.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.19 no.8
• /
• pp.91-100
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Supply chain management is a significant component of marketing strategy to achieve the overall goal of maintaining a competitive edge in the industry. To better understand and compare marketing strategies between two major distribution channels (Wholesalers and Retailers), the present study examines the various critical aspects in developing marketing strategies based on numerous prior studies. Research design, data and methodology: Qualitative research involves collecting and analyzing various non-numeric data to establish different concepts or opinions in the data. In content analysis, determining the presence of different themes, concepts, or other valuable texts and their relationships is carried out. Usually, the researchers employ three distinct methods to carry out complete content analysis. Results: Developing the appropriate marketing strategy to manage the supply chain of a business is essential. Marketing strategies should be formulated in a manner that ensures the supply chain is well organized. Applying the marketing strategy in the supply chain management, the current author utilizes the four Ps to integrate strategies for two distribution channels which are essential in ensuring proper management. Conclusions: This study concluded that utilizing the existing marketing strategies and integrating them can help in better management of the supply chain, using communication, decision making, product differentiation, and pricing.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 2023

Purpose: 1) develop a learning model involving design thinking to develop creative economy innovation and the characteristics of digital entrepreneurs. 2) evaluate the impact of design thinking on creative economy innovation 3) evaluate the impact of design thinking on digital entrepreneurial ability. Research design, data and methodology: 1) develop a learning model involving design thinking in order to develop creative economy innovation and the characteristics of digital entrepreneurs. 2) Evaluating creative economy innovation involving design thinking. 3) Assessing the characteristics of digital entrepreneurs based on design concepts. Results: 1) the development of a learning model involving design thinking to develop creative economy innovation and digital entrepreneurial competency 2) The students who studied using the learning model involving a design thinking process had the highest overall scores in terms of creative economy innovation 3) The scores for the assessment of digital entrepreneurial activity for the students who studied by using the design thinking learning model were at a high level. Conclusions: The development of the design thinking learning model can encourage students to be able to develop creative economy innovations and to empower digital entrepreneurs' ability for distribution strategy. Educational institutions that would like to succeed in developing creative economy innovative and digital entrepreneurship characteristics with the support of design thinking.