• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.985-992
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• 2016

Objective of the study is to evaluate volumetric and dosimetric alterations taking place during radiotherapy for locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) and to assess benefit of replanning in them. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients with LAHNC fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in a prospective study. Planning scans were acquired both pre-treatment and after 20 fractions (mid-course) of radiotherapy. Single plan (OPLAN) based on initial CT scan was generated and executed for entire treatment course. Beam configuration of OPLAN was applied to anatomy of interim scan and a hybrid plan (HPLAN30) was generated. Adaptive replanning (RPLAN30) for remaining fractions was done and dose distribution with and without replanning compared for remaining fractions. Results: Substantial shrinkage of target volume (TV) and parotids after 4 weeks of radiotherapy was reported (p<0.05). No significant difference between planned and delivered doses was seen for remaining fractions. Hybrid plans showed increase in delivered dose to spinal cord and parotids for remaining fractions. Interim replanning improved homogeneity of treatment plan and significantly reduced doses to cord (Dmax, D2% and D1%) and ipsilateral parotid (D33%, D50% and D66%) (p<0.05). Conclusions: Use of one or two mid-treatment CT scans and replanning provides greater normal tissue sparing along with improved TV coverage.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6055-6059
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• 2013

The current study determines the knowledge of female course attendees of the "Municipality Cultural Center for Women", located in the city center of Sivas, Turkey, and their attitudes regarding gynecological cancer prevention. The participants of the study include 497 women attending one of the two Municipality Cultural Centers situated in the city center of Sivas. In this study, the sample was not selected; all participants were encompassed within the scope of our research. A total of 418 female course attendees who volunteered to participate in the research were identified as the sample. The data were collected during the months March-June 2011, by a questionnaire developed by the researchers. To compare the distribution of the collected data "Anova", "two independent t test examples" and "chi square test" were used. The research indicates that 45.1% of the women had had gynecological examination as a consequence of a physical disorder. The reason for 54.9% of the women to have gynecological examination is to have been scanned to check for gynecological cancer, 51.2% had a pap smear test. Some 34.9% of them had obtained information about cervical cancer, 39.7% via radio, television or internet and 36.3% from a doctor. Age, education level and marital status of the women participating in this study demonstrated statistically significant correlations (p<0.05) with gynecological examination and undergoing a pap smear test.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.217-224
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• 1979

조업중의 어선이나 어구로부터 발생되는 수중소음의 음향특성을 구하기 위하여 특별히 고안된 수중녹음장치를 이용하여 트로올어구의 수중소음을 녹음분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조업중인 트로올어구에서 측정수 소음에는 어선이 발하는 소음의 영향을 극히 적다. 2. 소음의 주파수분포는 $DC\~6,300\;Hz$이고 그 중 우세한 주파수대는 $100Hz\~6,300Hz$이며 최대음압은 $137db(re\;1:{\mu}Pa$이었다. 3. 뜸줄부보다 발줄부에서 음압준위가 높고 자루부분에서의 음압준위가 가장 낮았다. 4. 예망중일 때보다 양망중일 때가 음압준위가 높고 투망중의 음압준위가 가장 낮았다. 5. 예망중의 트롤어구에서 발생되는 수중소음의 주된 음원은 어구의 ground rope와 해저의 마찰음 및 otter board와 해저와의 마찰음이라고 추정할 수 있다.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.108-108
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• 1995

Pharmacokinetic studies on time-course of blood levels, tissue distribution, and excretion of G009, a potential hepatoprotective agent, were performed in male rats after a single oral dose(20mg/kg) of $\^$14/C-labelled G009. The radioactivity concentrations in plasma during 0～3 hours are low, but subsequently increase to a maximum at 12 hours after dosing. $\^$14/C-G009 was well distributed to all tissue. Tissue concentration profiles of radioactivity vary among tissues on time-course after administration. G009(single oral dosage) was distributed and/or absorbed at gastric intestines and excretional organs for initial time of 0-7 hours, and distributed to most tissue at 12-24 hours. In special, the concentration of radioactivity in tiller at 48 hours were 1% of total radioactivity of $\^$14/C-G009 administered. The expired air, urinary and fecal excretion of radioactivity within 24hours after administration were 61.5%, 1.9% and 21.2% of total radioactivity of $\^$14/C-G009 administered. The biliary excretion of radioactivity in rat increased slightly for 0-6 hours after administration. The biliary excretion of radioactivity within 48hours were 1.97%.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.118-125
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• 2006

A number of the retail and traditional market customer is decrease, whereas that of the supermarket in department-store customers is increase. This case suggests that customers have a preference for much more comfortable and pleasant shopping places And making a reasonable purchase in the supermarkets where we can find various goods and price zone, is now garden variety. It is a current course that once the manager ask an architect for multi-functional space design in department-store and then the architect compose a team and start to design. Of course, the team of planner thinking manage give the design team the basic material data such as commerce analysis and the use of each layer in the department store but, the design team solve the assignment by architectural form, functional space plan and the limited architecture law, After establishing general design for architecture, we can ask shopping-mall distribution, products display and interior design of the interior design team. so it is inevitable that the interior design team concerning M$\cdot$D can find lots of complementary factors with architecture design. The purpose of this study is analyzing the differences of architecture design, which has to accept the limited law and interior design concerning M$\cdot$D, satisfying the structure and the law in the future design for the department-store. Also the purpose of this thesis is suggestion the items architects and interior designers research into together to make the inner space ideally.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-41
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• 1996

School health promotion is related to reinforce on various roles of school health teachers including health instruction, health services, healthful school living. In this aspects, there would be necessory for qualified continous education proceed to activate roles of school health teachers. So the objectives of this study are first, to develop curriculum framework for inservice training of health school nurses, second, to descrive of curriculum objectives, third, to state of curriculum objectives and learning methods. There were used study methods as literature review, expert conferencing and workshop. Major results are as follows; 1. Curriculum framework for inservice training of health school nurses was constitute of major variables of health care model and direct services role of school health teacher such as health service, health instruction and healthful environment area. 2. The curriculum for health instruction were different from elementary school and middle school. 3. Time distribution for curriculum was composed of that health service is 12hours, health instruction is 96 hours and healthful environment is 12 hours. 4. The learning methods for inservice training were suggested to intensify positive attitude through the discussion and practical exercise. 5. The curriculum objectives were classified by total, area and a course of study and time summary table was suggested. In conclusion, the developed curriculum would be contribute to improve of practical ability for school health teachers. And to increase of inservice training effect, there should be operate in order to participate trainees activately and to be educate concurrently. Also, there are necessary for execute in series of the program such as standized text developing by course, evaluation index developing and instructor education etc.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance (MR) neurography using the 3-dimensional double-echo steady-state with water excitation (3D-DESS-WE) sequence for the preoperative delineation of the facial and lingual nerves. Materials and Methods: Patients underwent MR neurography for a tumor in the parotid gland area or lingual neuropathy from January 2020 to December 2021 were reviewed. Preoperative MR neurography using the 3D-DESS-WE sequence was evaluated. The visibility of the facial nerve and lingual nerve was scored on a 5-point scale, with poor visibility as 1 point and excellent as 5 points. The facial nerve course relative to the tumor was identified as superficial, deep, or encased. This was compared to the actual nerve course identified during surgery. The operative findings in lingual nerve surgery were also described. Results: Ten patients with parotid tumors and 3 patients with lingual neuropathy were included. Among 10 parotid tumor patients, 8 were diagnosed with benign tumors and 2 with malignant tumors. The median facial nerve visibility score was 4.5 points. The distribution of scores was as follows: 5 points in 5 cases, 4 points in 1 case, 3 points in 2 cases, and 2 points in 2 cases. The lingual nerve continuity score in the affected area was lower than in the unaffected area in all 3 patients. The average visibility score of the lingual nerve was 2.67 on the affected side and 4 on the unaffected side. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the preoperative localization of the facial and lingual nerves using MR neurography with the 3D-DESS-WE sequence was feasible and contributed to surgical planning for the parotid area and lingual nerve.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권4D호
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• pp.601-608
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• 2006

포장을 설계하고 설계 수명을 산정하거나 현재 공용중인 포장의 유지 관리를 위한 상태 평가를 수행해야하는 경우 포장의 거동 분석은 중요한 입력 변수로 작용하게 된다. 포장의 거동을 예측하기 위해서는 정확한 타이어의 접지면적과 타이어의 압력이 필요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 실제 측정된 타이어의 형상을 측정하여 PCA에서 제안한 타이어의 형상과 비교하고, 측정된 타이어의 접지면적과 타이어의 종류에 대한 타이어 압력분포를 사용하여 3차원 유한요소해석을 통하여 포장의 거동을 예측하고 예측된 포장의 거동과 실제 포장의 거동을 비교 분석하였다. 해석 결과 표층의 경우 타이어의 형상과 비선형 압력분포의 영향을 크게 받으며, 이러한 타이어의 특성을 고려함으로써 현장 거동을 보다 잘 설명할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 중간층의 경우 타이어의 영향이 크지 않은 것으로 나타났으며, 실제 현장 거동과 비교했을 때 타이어 하부에서는 큰 차이를 보여주어 실제 포장의 거동을 보다 정확하게 예측하기 위해서는 이 부분을 보다 명확하게 설명을 할 수 있어야 할 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.266-272
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• 2023

Background: In recent years, there has been an increase in reports of perioral vascular complications resulting from filler injections, such as necrosis of the lip or alar rim, occlusion, and in severe cases, blindness. Conversely, the use of perioral arterial flaps is becoming more prevalent in the treatment of cleft lips, cancer, and trauma. A thorough understanding of perioral arteries is essential to minimize complications and maximize the success of these flaps. However, the course of the facial artery (FA) in the perioral region remains incompletely understood. The aim of this study was to describe the variations of the FA in the perioral region. Methods: We dissected 52 embalmed and formaldehyde-fixed Vietnamese cadavers. We then studied the size and distribution of perioral arteries in 102 specimens. Results: The superior labial artery (SLA) was the most common branch, occurring in 87.25% of cadavers, followed by the inferior labial artery (ILA) at 78.43%. The SLA primarily originated above the mouth corner (cheilion), accounting for 91.01% of cases, and predominantly exhibited a tortuous course within the submucosa (78.65%). The ILA's branching pattern varied, but it was primarily located below the cheilion (91.25%). The ILA also followed a twisted path, generally within the submucosa. The ILA exhibited two patterns: the typical pattern, distributed at the vermilion border of the lower lip (8.82%), and the horizontal labiomental artery pattern, which ran horizontally in the middle of the lower lip area (69.61%). At their origin, the SLA and ILA had average external diameters of 1.29 mm and 1.28 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Numerous anatomical variations in the FA in the perioral region were found. A detailed anatomic description, suggested landmarks, and angiography before the procedure will be useful to help doctors avoid complications.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 1978

본 연구에서는 3-course 구조와 2-course 구조의 랏쉘그물감을 선정하여 그 강도 특성을 조사하고, 이를 구성 섬유의 재료가 같은 매듭그물감 및 관통 그물감의 강도와 비교했다. 실험으로 부터 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 랏쉘그물실의 강도가 랏쉘마디에서 감소하느 원인은 장력에 의한 마디의 변형 및 마디에서의 yarn 간의 마찰력에 주로 기인한다고 간주되며, 강도 감소율은 종인에서 $13\%$, 횡인에서 $22\~26\%$ 정도이다. 2. 랏쉘마디는 3-course 구조의 것이 2-course 구조의 것보다 모든 방향의 인장에서 약간 강하고, 마디 형태의 변형도 적다. 3. 주름을 준 상태에서의 랏쉘마디의 강도 $T_R$는 인접하는 다리가 이루는 각을 $\varphi$라 하면 $T_R=T_{R0}-k\varphi$ 로 주어진다. 단, $R_{R0}$는 $\varphi$가 $0^{\circ}$때의 $T_R$의 값, k는 상수이다. 4. 랏쉘그물감의 항장력 ${\sigma}R$ 및 파단에 소요되는 일량 $E_R$는 인장하는 쪽의 그물코 수를 N라 하면 ${\sigma}R=KN$ 또는 ${\sigma}R=K_RN$ 및 $E_R=AN$으로 표시되고, 파단신도는 N에 관계없이 거의 일정하다. 단, K 및 A는 상수이다. 5. 몇개의 다리가 미리 절단되어 있는 경우의 랏쉘그물감의 파단은 미리 절단되어 있는 다리에 인접한 다리의 마디로부터 일어나며, 그때의 항장력, 파단에 소요되는 일량 몇 파단신도의 감소는 비록 하나의 다리가 미리 절단되어 있는 경우라 할지라도 상당히 크다. 6. 랏쉘그물감의 파열강도는 두개의 다리를 인장한 경우의 랏쉘마디의 강도와 거의 같다. 7. 현용의 주된 세 종류의 그물감에 대해 그들을 구성하는 다리의 denier 수를 기준으로 하면, 관통마디가 가장 강하고, 매듭의 강도는 관통마디의 강도의 $69\~76\%$ 정도이다. 랏쉘마디는 종인시는 관통마디 강도의 $71\~74\%$ 로서 매듭과 거의 같은 강도를 가지지만, 횡인시는 매듭의 강도보다 약하여 $62\~67\%$를 나타낸다.