• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.88-96
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• 2010

Zoysiagrass, especially Jungji implicating medium-leaf type zoysiagrass has been widely used in South Korea recently. This study was carried out to classify 36 selected medium-leaf type zoysiagrass accessions compared to 5 basic zoysiagrass species using RAPDs. Morphological characteristics such as leaf width, leaf angle, leaf sheath length, existance of trichomes and stolon color were measured as useful characteristics for identification of species in Zoysia genus. Nineteen RAPD markers were identified using 8 selected random primers. The dissimilarity coefficient of variants ranged from 0 to 0.736. Three zoysiagrass groups were clustered by dissimilarity coefficient analysis. Group 1 consisted of Z. japonica and some US varieties including 'Zenith' and 'Meyer'. Group 2 consisted of Z. sinica, Z. macrostachya and Korean commercial varieties such as 'Anyang', 'Samdeock', and 'Pyeongdong' medium-leaf type grasses. Group 3 was genetically distinct from Group 1 and Group 2, and included Z. matrella and Z. tenuifolia. 'Anyang', 'Samdeock', and 'Pyeongdong' medium-leaf type zoysiagrasses showed very close genetic relationship with Z. sinica and Z. macrostachya.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.427-431
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• 2010

Multidimensional scaling (MDS) is a widely used method for dimensionality reduction, of which purpose is to represent high-dimensional data in a low-dimensional space while preserving distances among objects as much as possible. MDS has mainly been applied to data visualization and feature selection. Among various MDS methods, the classical MDS is not readily applicable to data which has large numbers of objects, on normal desktop computers due to its computational complexity. More precisely, it needs to solve eigenpair problems on dissimilarity matrices based on Euclidean distance. Thus, running time and required memory of the classical MDS highly increase as n (the number of objects) grows up, restricting its use in large-scale domains. In this paper, we propose an efficient approximation algorithm for the classical MDS based on divide-and-conquer and CUDA. Through a set of experiments, we show that our approach is highly efficient and effective for analysis and visualization of data consisting of several thousands of objects.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.20-31
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• 1995

The need to assess preoperative psychological characteristics of orthognathic surgery patients has recently been recognized. Fifty six patients were involved in this study, they were investigated in the preoperative psychosocial aspects. Korean Version Eysenk Personality Questionaire and Korean Version Tennessee Self-Concept Scale were used for psychological test. The results were as follows : 1. There was no significant difference of sex and age in the personality dimension, the selfconcept scale, and the preoperative tests(P>0.05). 2. 37% of subjects showed phonetic problem, 60% masticatory problem and 56% social problem for facial deformity. The first choice was the face in the order of correction for mastication, phonation and face. And 83% of the subjects forecasted the change in their face after surgical correction, The answer was generally vague. 64% of the subjects expected their personality to become more lively as a result of their operation. 3. Total positive self score and personal self score were less improved in the groups with high scores of toughmindness and neuroticism(P<0.05), degree of suffering was increased in the group with high scores of neuroticism(P<0.05). 4. Degree of subjective deformity, self-consciousness, and degree of dissimilarity were more improved in the group of intraversion, there was a significant correlation with degree of dissimilarity in the group with high score of toughmindness(r=-.64, P<0.05). 5. There was a significant correlation with the forecast of change in the groups with high score in extraversion(r=.59, P<0.01) and with low score in neuroticism(r=-.39, P<0.05).

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.486-494
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• 2003

Distribution of ichthyoplanktons and its relation to environmental factors (temperature, salinity, $chlorophyll\;\alpha$) around the Youngsan River Estuary of Mokpo, southwest coast of Korea were investigated based on the samples collected bimonthly from February to December, 2001. Unidentified fish eggs were most abundant $1,345\;eggs/100m^3$ in August, while eggs of Engraulis japonicus were most abundant $63\;eggs/100m^3$ in June. A total of forty species of fish larvae and juveniles belonging to the twenty families under six orders were caught, with six gobiids, four icefishes, four croakers and three herrings being represented. Fish larvae and juveniles peaked $17,757\;inds./100m^3$ in August, which consisted of $91.02\%$ of gobiids, $3.69\%$ of gunnels and $3.67\%$ of icefishes, and they were most abundant $7,467\;Inds./100m^3$ at St. 7. Cluster analysis based on the individuals of fish larvae and juveniles showed that six months were classified into two groups at the dissimilarity 70, the first was composed of June and August and the second was February and December and April and October were not clustered with any other months. In August when species diversity index was the highest, eight stations were classified into two groups at the dissimilarity 70, the first was composed of St. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 8 and the second was St. 6, 7 and 2. As a result from correspondence analysis, there is no effect of the environmental factors with a density of fish eggs and larvae, but correlation could be found between a density of fish eggs and $chlorophyll\;\alpha.$

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.563-569
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• 2007

RAPD analysis showed that all the OTUs of 'Sandolbae' were the same species because amplified band patterns of all samples generated by each of 5 random primers were identical. Even though there were different environmental conditions, all the "Chuiangne" trees from three different places were the same species, and also all the "Cheongshilli" trees were the same species too. No genetic variations were detected between native Korean pears grown in the habitats and in the research field. Because 212 polymorphic bands were generated by 9 primers selected through primer screening, they were possible to analyze genetic relationship among naturally growing three native Korean pears and nine cultivars of Pyrus pyrifolia and P. communis. Based on the RAPD analysis, three main groups were formed. The first group represented the Six P. pyrifoia cultivars, the second group was the three native Korean pears, and the last group was the three P. communis cultivars. Genetic distance between 'Wonwhang' and 'Chojuro' was closer than other cultivars in group 1 since dissimilarity index value between these two cultivars was 50.82. However, genetic distance between 'Niitaka' and 'Chojuro' was the most distant compared to the others in group 1. In group 2, 'Sandlobae' was genetically closer to 'Chuiangne' than 'Cheongshilli' because dissimilarity index value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Chuiangne' was smaller, 50.82, than the value between 'Sandlobae' and 'Cheongshilli', 63.636. In group 3, 'Old Home' was genetically closer to 'Bartlett' than 'Kaiser Alexander(or Bosc)'. Group 3 composed of P. communis cultivars was genetically further than other two groups, P. pyrifolia cultivars and native Korean pears.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a prediction model for osteopenia and osteoporosis based on a convolutional neural network(CNN) using computed tomography(CT) images. In a single CT image, CNN had a limitation in utilizing important local features for diagnosis. So we propose a compound model which has two identical structures. As an input, two different texture images are used, which are converted from a single normalized CT image. The two networks train different information by using dissimilarity loss function. As a result, our model trains various features in a single CT image which includes important local features, then we ensemble them to improve the accuracy of predicting osteopenia and osteoporosis. In experiment results, our method shows an accuracy of 77.11% and the feature visualize of this model is confirmed by using Grad-CAM.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.158-164
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• 2019

Molecular characterization of different genotypes reveals accurate information about the degree of genetic diversity that helps to develop a proper breeding program. In this study, a total of 30 EST-based simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers derived from trumpet lily (Lilium longiflorum) were used across 11 native lily species for their genetic relationship. Among these 30 markers, 24 SSR markers that showed polymorphism were used for evaluation of diversity spectrum. The allelic number at per locus ranged from 1 at SSR2 locus to 34 alleles at SSR15 locus, with an average of 11.25 alleles across 24 loci observed. The polymorphic information content, PIC, values ranged from 0.0523 for SSR9 to 0.9919 for SSR2 in all 24 loci with an average of 0.3827. The allelic frequency at every locus ranged from 0.81% at SSR2 locus to 99.6% at SSR14 locus. The pairwise genetic dissimilarity coefficient revealed the highest genetic distance with a value of 81.7% was in between L. dauricum and L. amabile. A relatively closer genetic distance was found between L. lancifolium and L. dauricum, L. maximowiczii and L. concolor, L. maximowiczii and L. distichum (Jeju), L. tsingtauense and L. callosum, L. cernuum and L. distichum (Jeju ecotype), of which dissimilarity coefficient was 50.0%. The molecular fingerprinting based on microsatellite marker could serve boldly to recognize genetically distant accessions and to sort morphologically close as well as duplicate accessions.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2019

This study investigates the stress singularity that occurs at the contact edge of three bodies in a frictional complete contact. We use the asymptotic analysis method, wherein we constitute an eigenvalue problem and observe the eigenvalue behavior, which we use to obtain the order of the stress singularity. For the present geometry of three bodies in contact, a contact between a cracked indenter and half plane is considered. This is a typical geometry of the PCMI problem of a nuclear fuel rod. Thus, this paper, specifically presents the characteristics of the PCMI problem from the perspective of stress singularity. Consequently, it is noted that the behavior of the stress singularity varies with the difference in the crack angle, coefficient of friction, and material dissimilarity, as is observed in a frictional complete contact of two bodies. In addition, we find that the stress singularity changes essentially linearly with respect to the coefficient of friction, regardless of the variation in the crack angle and material dissimilarity. Concurrently, we find the order of singularity to be 0.5 at a certain coefficient of friction, irrespective of the crack angle, which we also observe in the crack problem of a homogeneous and isotropic body. The order of singularity can also exceed 0.5 in the frictional complete contact problem of three bodies. This implies that the propensity for failure when three bodies are in frictional complete contact can be even worse than that in case of a failure induced by a crack.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.633-641
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• 2020

Residential complexes offer a sense of community and convenience, but making closed and privated space have been criticized.Closed urban spaces have issues encouraging residential segregation.large apartment complexes over 1,000 households,the most poular housing type in Korea, seems to make urban space more closed and privated than ever before. Our study puts forward and tests the hypothesis that large apartment complexes with over 1,000 households are linked to residential segregation. First of all, we examined the degree of residential segregation of metropolitan cities in Korea over a nine-year period (2011-2019). The dissimilarity index and the delta index were used for determining the extent of residential segregation. Next, we tested our hypothesis by Spearman's rank correlation analysis. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was performed on the residential segregation index per administrative division ("dong") and the number of large apartment complexes per administrative division ("dong").

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.661-671
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• 2022

Stayed cables are the key components for transmitting loads in cable-stayed bridges. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the cable force condition to ensure bridge safety. An online condition assessment and anomaly localization method is proposed for cables based on the spatiotemporal correlation of grouped cable forces. First, an anomaly sensitive feature index is obtained based on the distribution characteristics of grouped cable forces. Second, an adaptive anomaly detection method based on the k-nearest neighbor rule is used to perform dissimilarity measurements on the extracted feature index, and such a method can effectively remove the interference of environment factors and vehicle loads on online condition assessment of the grouped cable forces. Furthermore, an online anomaly isolation and localization method for stay cables is established, and the complete decomposition contributions method is used to decompose the feature matrix of the grouped cable forces and build an anomaly isolation index. Finally, case studies were carried out to validate the proposed method using an in-service cable-stayed bridge equipped with a structural health monitoring system. The results show that the proposed approach is sensitive to the abnormal distribution of grouped cable forces and is robust to the influence of interference factors. In addition, the proposed approach can also localize the cables with abnormal cable forces online, which can be successfully applied to the field monitoring of cables for cable-stayed bridges.