• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.511-515
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• 2006

The dispersion hardened $Cu-TiB_2$ composites are a promising candidate for applications as electrical contact materials. The $Cu-TiB_2$ composites for electrical contact materials can reduce material cost and resource consumption caused by wear, due to their good mechanical and electrical properties. In this study, we investigated the wear phenomenon for $Cu-TiB_2$ composites fabricated with hot extrusion, by varying particle sizes and volume fractions of $TiB_2$. The wear tests were performed under the dry sliding condition with a fixed total sliding distance of 40 m. The contact loads at a constant speed of 3.5 Hz were 20, 40, 60, and 80 N. The friction coefficients and wear losses were measured during wear tests. Worn surfaces and wear debris after wear tests were investigated using the scanning electron microscope and the optical microscope. The microstructures of interface between Cu matrix and $TiB_2$ particle before and after wear tests were studied by the transmission electron microscope.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2004

Copper metallization has been used in high-speed logic ULSI devices instead of the conventional aluminum alloy metallization. One of the key issues in copper CMP is the development of slurries that can provide high removal rates. In this study, the effects of slurry chemicals and pH for slurry dispersion stability on Cu CMP process characteristics have been performed. The experiments of copper slurries containing each different alumina and colloidal silica particles were evaluated for their selectivity of copper to TaN and $SiO_{2}$ films. Furthermore, the stability of copper slurries and pH are important parameters in many industries due to problems that can arise as a result of particle settling. So, it was also observed about several variables with various pH.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2016

도전 페이스트의 필러로 사용되기 위한 미세 Cu 입자를 제조하기 위하여 아산화동 분말과 황산간의 고속 화학 반응을 이용한 증류수 기반의 습식 공정으로 Cu 입자의 합성을 실시하였다. $7^{\circ}C$에서 48%의 황산과 30 g의 $Cu_2O$를 사용한 조건에서 미반응 $Cu_2O$ 입자들이 제거되면서 입자들간의 응집이 개선된 순수 Cu 나노입자들이 제조되었다. 이후 최적 첨가제의 선택을 통하여 입자들간의 응집이 가장 억제된 224 nm 크기의 Cu 입자들을 제조할 수 있었다. 이러한 미세 Cu 입자 시료에서는 응집된 형태의 조대 입자들이 다소 존재하였고 입자들간의 연결부도 일부 관찰되었으나, 삼본밀을 사용한 레진 포물레이션과의 혼합 후에는 응집된 형태의 조대 입자들이 파괴되고 입자들간의 연결부들이 탈착되어 입자들의 응집이 풀리는 거동을 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 청정기술
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.128-133
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• 2013

$CeO_2$에 담지된 구리산화물에서 벤젠의 촉매연소 반응에 대해 연구하였다. 담지된 구리산화물 촉매들은 볼밀법과 함침법으로 제조하였고, XRD, FT-IR, TEM 및 TPR에 의해 특성분석을 하였다. 볼밀법으로 제조된 CuO/$CeO_2$ 촉매는 높은 담지량에서도 잘 분산된 CuO를 얻었다. 볼밀법으로 제조된 CuO/$CeO_2$ 촉매는 함침법으로 제조된 촉매에 비해 높은 활성을 보여주었다. CuO의 담지량이 증가할수록 촉매 활성이 증가하였으며, 10 wt%로 담지된 촉매에서 가장 높은 활성을 나타내었다. 또한, 10 wt% CuO/$CeO_2$ 촉매에 소량의 $Fe_2O_3$와 CoO의 조촉매 첨가는 CuO의 분산도를 높여 반응활성을 증가시켰다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.495-508
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• 1996

This study had three purposes: (1) to investigate dispersion and enrichment level of potentially toxic elements; (2) to identify uranium-bearing minerals in black shales; and (3) to assess the chemical speciation of heavy metals in soils and sediments. Rock, surface soil and stream sediment samples were collected in the Chungjoo area covered with black shales in Korea. These samples were analyzed for multi-elements using INAA and ICP-AES. The maximum abundance of U in black shales is 56 ppm and radioactivity counts up to 240CPM. Molybdenum, V, Ba, Cu, and Pb are enriched in black shales and most of soils show high concentrations of U, Mo, Ba, Cu, Pb and Zn. Concentrations of potentially toxic elements decrease in the order of mountain soil > farmland soil > paddy soil. Enrichment index of soils and sediments are calculated and higher than 1.0 in the black shale area with the highest value of 6.1. In order to identify U-bearing minerals, electron probe micro analysis was applied, and uraninite and brannerite in black shale were found. Uraninite grains are closely associated with monazite or pyrite with the size of $2{\mu}m$ to $10{\mu}m$ in diameter whereas brannerite occurs as $50{\mu}m$ euhedral grains. With the results of sequential extraction scheme, residual fractions of Cu, Pb and Zn in soils are mainly derived from weathering of black shale but Cu, Pb and Zn in sediments are present as non-residual fractions. Lead is predominantly present as oxidizable phase in soils whereas Zn is in exchageable/water-acid soluble phase in sediments.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.322-326
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• 2018

The hydrogen reduction behavior of $MoO_3-CuO$ powder mixture for the synthesis of homogeneous Mo-20 wt% Cu composite powder is investigated. The reduction behavior of ball-milled powder mixture is analyzed by XRD and temperature programmed reduction method at various heating rates in Ar-10% $H_2$ atmosphere. The XRD analysis of the heat-treated powder at $300^{\circ}C$ shows Cu, $MoO_3$, and $Cu_2MoO_5$ phases. In contrast, the powder mixture heated at $400^{\circ}C$ is composed of Cu and $MoO_2$ phases. The hydrogen reduction kinetic is evaluated by the amount of peak shift with heating rates. The activation energies for the reduction, estimated by the slope of the Kissinger plot, are measured as 112.2 kJ/mol and 65.2 kJ/mol, depending on the reduction steps from CuO to Cu and from $MoO_3$ to $MoO_2$, respectively. The measured activation energy for the reduction of $MoO_3$ is explained by the effect of pre-reduced Cu particles. The powder mixture, hydrogen-reduced at $700^{\circ}C$, shows the dispersion of nano-sized Cu agglomerates on the surface of Mo powders.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.35-42
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• 1998

오늘날 전자부품 산업에 실장기술은 크게 각광을 받고 있다. 페라이트 칩인덕터와 같이 전자부품의 소형화를 위해서는, 쉬트 적층법이나 스크린 인쇄법 등을 위하여 유기용매를 사용하는 세라믹 습식공정이 널리 사용되고 있다. 본연구에서는 물이 혼합된 용매계를 이용한 NiCuZn Ferrite(NCZF) 슬러리와 그린쉬트의 제조 및 평가에 관한 연구를 하였다. 볼밀링에 의하여 21 vol%의 NCZF 슬러리를 제조하였으며, polacrylic vinyl copolymer를 바인더로서 사용하였다. 용매로서는 isopropyl alcohol과 2-butoxy ethanol에 40∼80% 물을 혼합하여 사용하였다. 그 결과, NCZF 슬러리의 분산안정성은 입자의 정전기적 힘보다는 free polymer에 의해 나타났으며, 슬러리의 점성은 용매중의 물함량에 크게 의존하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.19
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• pp.89-90
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• 2006

The CNTs are of great interest because of their unique complete properties of matter, especially, the large thermal conductivity (Thermal conductivity of CNTs ~ >2000W /mK vs. Thermal conductivity of Aluminum ~ >204W/mK). However, owing to the strong agglomeration cause by the vander wall's force, the CNTs are limited to applicate. In this study. we suggest a new method for CNTs dispersion. which are developed by the mechanical and chemical method. and then Cu was coated. This new process produces CNTs/Cu nanocomposite powders. The CNTs are homogeneously located within the Cu powders by chemical reaction. And the thermal properties of the CNTs/Cu nanocomposite were investigated.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.368-376
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• 1995

An Al-composite material was fabricated with using the rheocompocasting process and the microstructure of the Al-Cu/SiCp composite material was investigated depending on the stirring times and the amount of Ti additions. The distribution of SiC dispersion shows the good result at the stirring time of 30 min. The degree of microdistribution of the $Al_2Cu$ and SiCp is improved when the amount of Ti addition is increased. At the compositon of 0.3%Ti, the primary solid is the compound of $Al_3Ti$ and no exist of the SiCp and $Al_2Cu$ phase around the primary $Al_3Ti$. In the process of compositization, SiCp is found at the primary and final solid parts and is found at the final solid part after remelting. $Al_2Cu$ and SiCp are distributed around and outside of dendrite or independently after remelting, which is different from the process of compositization.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.292-297
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• 2007

The present study was focused on the synthesis of a $TiB_2$ dispersed copper matrix composite material by the combination of the mechanical milling and plasma activated sintering processes. The $Cu/TiB_2$ mixed powder was prepared by the combination of the mechanical milling and reduction processes using the copper oxide and titanium diboride powder as the raw material. The synthesized $Cu/TiB_2$ mixed powder was sintered by the plasma activated sintering process. The hardness and electric conductivity of the sintered bodies were measured using micro vickers hardness and four probe method, respectively. The relative density of $Cu/TiB_2$ composite material sintered at $800^{\circ}C$ showed about 98% of theoretical density. The $Cu-1vol%TiB_2$ composite material has a hardness of about 130Hv and an electric conductivity of about 85% IACS. The hardness and electric conductivity of $Cu-3vol%TiB_2$ composite material were about 140 Hv and about 45% IACS, respectively.