• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2021

In this study, a total of 9,449 hard ticks were collected once a month from April to October 2020 from a neighborhood park in Daejeon by flagging & dragging method and CO₂ manned trap method. The collected ticks were classified according to the Yamagutsi search table using a stereoscopic microscope and molecular biological analysis of four pathogens (SFTSV, Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Borrellia spp.). As a result of the study, Haemaphysalis longicornis were collected the most in all areas of the five boroughs at a rate of 82 to 96 percent, while adults were collected the most in May to July, nymphs were collected the most in April to June, and larvae from August to October at a rate of 78 percent to 98 percent. In pathogens, three cases of SFTSV were detected, showing a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 0.46%, while Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. were detected one each, with 0.15% and Borrelia spp. with a minimum infection rate of 0.46%. The detected SFTSV showed 99.9% homogeneity with the KF781490 detected in Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk Province, Anaplasma spp. showed 99.0% homogeneity with JN990105 detected in China, and Erhlichia spp. showed 98.9% genetic similarity with U96436 separated from the U.S. In this study, the distribution status and pathogen infection rate of the hard ticks in the Daejeon area are analyzed and provided as basic data for the prevention of the hard tick-borne infectious disease.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.203-217
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the high-level evidence of the effects of manual therapy on musculoskeletal diseases. Methods: Domestic databases were searched for studies that conducted clinical trials associated with manual therapy on chronic musculoskeletal diseases. A total of 591 studies published between 2005 and 2018 were identified, with 18 studies satisfying the inclusion data. The studies were classified according to patient, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO). The search outcomes were items associated with pain and physical function. The 18 studies included in the study were evaluated by using the R meta-analysis (version 4.0). The quality of 18 randomized control trials was evaluated by using the Cochrane risk of bias (ROB). The effect sizes were computed as the corrected standardized mean difference (SMD). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also used. Egger's regression test was carried out in order to analyze the publication bias. Cumulative meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis were also conducted in order to analyze the data error. Results: The following factors showed the large effect size of manual therapy on chronic musculoskeletal diseases: pain (Hedges's g = 2.66; 95% CI = 1.47 ~ 3.85), and physical function (Hedges's g = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.22 ~ 3.08). The subgroup analysis only showed a statistical difference in the type of manual therapy (pain) and outcome (physical function). No statistically significant difference was found in the meta-regression analysis. Publication bias was found in the data, but the results of the trim-and-fill method showed that such bias did not largely affect the obtained data. Furthermore, there were no data errors in the cumulative meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of manual therapy on chronic musculoskeletal diseases in pain and physical function. Subgroup analysis suggests that only the type of manual therapy for pain and the type of outcome for physical function differed in effect size.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2022

목적: 5-11세 소아에서 코로나19 백신의 효능과 안전성을 평가하기 위해서 체계적 문헌고찰을 시행하였다. 방법: 2022년 1월 4일까지 Ovid-MEDLINE 및 medRxiv를 검색하여 문헌을 선정하고 자료를 추출하였다. 근거 수준을 평가하기 위해 GRADE 도구를 사용하였다. 결과: 총 1,675 건의 연구가 일차적으로 검색되었고 최종적으로 5편의 연구가 포함되었다. 서로 다른 4개의 코로나19 백신(BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV)에 대한 무작위 대조군 연구 결과들은 5-11세 연령에서 각 백신의 양호한 면역원성과 안전성을 보여주었다. 미국에서 5-11세 소아 연령에서 BNT162b2 백신 접종 후 이상사례 모니터링 연구에서는 승인 전 임상시험을 통해 예상되었던 국소반응 및 전신반응이 보고되었으나 중대한 이상사례는 거의 보고되지 않았다. 결론: 5-11세 연령에서 코로나19 백신 접종에 대한 데이터는 제한적이다. 이 연령에서 코로나19 백신의 안전성과 효과에 대한 체계적인 평가를 위해 지속적이고 포괄적인 모니터링이 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.13-27
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• 2022

Objectives This study investigated the trends in domestic and international clinical research in craniosacral therapy, classified as a type of Chuna manual therapy, and suggested further directions in Korean medicine. Methods This scoping review was performed using the Arksey and O'Malley methodological framework and preferred reporting items as per the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews checklist. Eight electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Koreanstudies Information Service System [KISS], KMBASE, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System [OASIS], Research Information Sharing Service [RISS], ScienceON) were searched to identify articles with the search terms "craniosacral therapy" and "cranial osteopathy" until December 2021. Results Forty-five studies were eligible as per our inclusion criteria. Most research studies (n=44) were conducted in the field of medicine and pharmacy, especially in rehabilitation medicine (n=16). As a result of the study design, randomized controlled trials (n=20) were the most common, and chronic pain (n=9) was the most frequently targeted disease, followed by headache (n=7). Thirty-two studies suggested interventions and 20 studies used Upledger's 10-step protocol. The average duration of craniosacral therapy was 41 min per session, administered 1.4 times per week. Outcome measurements were analyzed and categorized with the examination procedure for the patient. Conclusions This is the first scoping review of craniosacral therapy in Korea, and we believe that our findings could support its utility as Chuna. In the future, more studies should be conducted to establish the evidence of clinical efficacy of craniosacral therapy and develop standard techniques in Korean medicine.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.583-590
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• 2021

본 연구는 전국 간호대학의 노인간호 교과목의 운영 현황을 파악하고 미국간호대학협회에서 제시한 19개 노인간호역량이 교과목에 반영되어 있는지 확인하고자 시도되었다. 연구대상은 한국간호교육평가원 인증을 받은 간호교육기관 198개로 각 대학의 홈페이지, 학과 홈페이지, 대학편람, 입시관련 정보, 교육과정표, 강의계획서를 인터넷 검색엔진을 통한 자료 수집 후 분석하였다. 수집된 노인간호 교과목의 강의계획서와 가장 최근의 교과과정표를 확인하여 SPSS 23.0을 사용하여 분석하였다. 노인간호 교과목 운영 현황은 빈도와 백분율을 산출하여 제시하였고, 강의계획서에 나타난 교육 내용은 미국간호대학협회(AACN)가 제시한 19개 노인간호 역량을 기반으로 분석하였다. 185개 기관(93.43%)는 노인간호 교과목을 운영하였고, 98개 기관(49.49%)은 이론과목, 84개 기관(42.42%)은 이론과 실습을 병행하였다. 전공필수인 경우 52.92%, 4학년 1학기 편성이 27.84%, 2학점 운영 53.54%로 가장 많았다. 강의계획서를 분석한 결과, 의사소통 관련 교육역량이 포함된 경우가 40%이었고, AACN 노인간호역량으로 '노인에게 효과적인 정보제공능력', '윤리적이고 비강압적인 의사결정', '억제대 비사용 케어', '급성기 재가 장기요양서비스 간 안전하고 효과적인 전환'은 교육내용에 없었다. 결론적으로 현재까지 노인간호 교과목은 질병중심으로 교육이 되고 있었고 노인의사소통을 포함한 효과적인 정보제공역량이 반영될 필요가 있다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2022

Health care workers (HCWs) are more than ten times more likely to be infected with coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) than the general population, thus demonstrating the burden of COVID-19 among HCWs. Factors that expose HCWs to a differentially high-risk of COVID-19 acquisition are important to elucidate, enable appropriate public health interventions to mitigate against high risk and reduce adverse outcomes from the infection. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and critically analyze the existing evidence on SARS-CoV-2 risk factors among HCWs. With no geographical limitation, we included studies, in any country, that reported (i) the PCR laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 as an independent variable (ii) one or more COVID-19 risk factors among HCWs with risk estimates (relative risk, odds ratio, or hazard ratio) (iii) original, quantitative study design, and published in English or Mandarian. Our initial search resulted in 470 articles overall, however, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Out of the 10 studies included in the review, inadequate/lack of protective personal equipment, performing tracheal intubation, and gender were the most common risk factors of COVID-19. Based on the random effects adjusted pooled relative risk, HCWs who reported the use of protective personal equipment were 29% (95% CI: 16% to 41%) less likely to test positive for COVID-19. The study also revealed that HCWs who performed tracheal intubations were 34% (95% CI: 14% to 57%) more likely to test positive for COVID-19. Interestingly, this study showed that female HCWs are at 11% higher risk (RR 1.11 95% CI 1.01-1.21) of COVID-19 than their male counterparts. This article presents initial findings from a living systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, did not yield many studies; however, it revealed a significant insight into better understanding COVID-19 risk factors among HCWs; insights important for devising preventive strategies that protect them from this infection.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2022

Objectives : Recent studies reported that Dokwhalkisaeng-tang (DHJST) could relieve the clinical rheumatoid arthritis (RA) symptoms and the level of RA-related blood test. However, evidence-based review on effectiveness and safety of DHJST with medication on RA was not yet provided. Methods : Searching randomized controlled trials on the use of DHJST for RA will be performed using multiple electronic databases, manual search, and contact to author. Studies will be selected according to the pre-defined criteria and collected data on study participants, interventions, control groups, outcome measurements, the results, adverse events, and risk of bias will be summarized. Primary outcome will be the disease activity score (including effective rate, swollen joint count, tender joint count, and morning stiffness), and the secondary outcomes will be RA-related blood test and adverse events. We will use Review Manager software to perform a meta-analysis, Cochrane Collaboration "risk of bias" tool for assessing the risk of bias, and Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation for the determination of quality of evidence. Results : We are going to investigate the effectiveness and safety of DHJST with medication for RA. Conclusion : This study will provide reliable evidence on whether DHJST combined with medicine is more effective on RA than medicine monotherapy.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.141-152
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• 2023

Objective: We performed a meta-analysis of epidemiological results for the association between occupational exposure as a firefighter and cancer as part of the broader evidence synthesis work of the IARC Monographs program. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify cohort studies of firefighters followed for cancer incidence and mortality. Studies were evaluated for the influence of key biases on results. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used to estimate the association between ever-employment and duration of employment as a firefighter and risk of 12 selected cancers. The impact of bias was explored in sensitivity analyses. Results: Among the 16 included cancer incidence studies, the estimated meta-rate ratio, 95% confidence interval (CI), and heterogeneity statistic (I²) for ever-employment as a career firefighter compared mostly to general populations were 1.58 (1.14-2.20, 8%) for mesothelioma, 1.16 (1.08-1.26, 0%) for bladder cancer, 1.21 (1.12-1.32, 81%) for prostate cancer, 1.37 (1.03-1.82, 56%) for testicular cancer, 1.19 (1.07-1.32, 37%) for colon cancer, 1.36 (1.15-1.62, 83%) for melanoma, 1.12 (1.01-1.25, 0%) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 1.28 (1.02-1.61, 40%) for thyroid cancer, and 1.09 (0.92-1.29, 55%) for kidney cancer. Ever-employment as a firefighter was not positively associated with lung, nervous system, or stomach cancer. Results for mesothelioma and bladder cancer exhibited low heterogeneity and were largely robust across sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: There is epidemiological evidence to support a causal relationship between occupational exposure as a firefighter and certain cancers. Challenges persist in the body of evidence related to the quality of exposure assessment, confounding, and medical surveillance bias.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.313-353
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• 2023

Objectives: Heart failure is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence rates despite advancements in medical technology. Korean medicine utilizes herbal prescriptions to treat heart failure, but little is known about the specific herbal medicines comprising the network of herbal prescriptions for heart failure. This study proposes a novel methodology that can efficiently develop prescriptions and facilitate experimental research on heart failure by utilizing existing databases. Methods: Herbal medicine prescriptions for heart failure were identified through a PubMed search and compiled into a Google Sheet database. NetMiner 4 was used for network analysis, and the individual networks were classified according to the herbal medicine classification system to identify trends. K-HERB NETWORK was utilized to derive related prescriptions. Results: Network analysis of heart failure prescriptions and herbal medicines using NetMiner 4 produced 16 individual networks. Uhwangcheongsim-won (牛黃淸心元), Gamiondam-tang (加味溫膽湯), Bangpungtongseong-san (防風通聖散), and Bunsimgi-eum (分心氣飮) were identified as prescriptions with high similarity in the entire network. A total of 16 individual networks utilized K-HERB NETWORK to present prescriptions that were most similar to existing prescriptions. The results provide 1) an indication of existing prescriptions with potential for use to treat heart failure and 2) a basis for developing new prescriptions for heart failure treatment. Conclusion: The proposed methodology presents an efficient approach to developing new heart failure prescriptions and facilitating experimental research. This study highlights the potential of network pharmacology methodology and its possible applications in other diseases. Further studies on network pharmacology methodology are recommended.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.387-401
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• 2023

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the preventive effect of herbal medicines on restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) by reviewing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: RCTs were searched for herbal medicine treatment after PCI using eight online databases (PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, J-STAGE, OASIS, ScienceON, KTKP, and KISS). Studies that confirmed restenosis through coronary angiography at follow-up were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The primary outcome was the restenosis rate, and the secondary outcome was the angina recurrence rate. Data were extracted from the final selected studies according to the research methodology and then analyzed with Review Manager 5.4.1. Study quality was assessed using Cochrane's risk-of-bias (RoB) tool. Results: Of the 252 papers obtained through the primary search, nine studies that met the selection criteria were finally selected. In these nine studies, herbal medicine combined with western medicine was used for the experimental group, and western medicine treatment was used alone for the control group. The meta-analysis result revealed that the restenosis rate and angina recurrence rate were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (RR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.22-0.53, p<0.00001, I²=0% and RR=0.47, 95% CI: 0.29-0.78, p=0.004, I²=0%, respectively). Furthermore, the quality of studies assessed by Cochrane's RoB was low. Conclusions: This study showed that the combined treatment of herbal medicine and western medicine was effective in preventing restenosis and angina after PCI. As the number of papers included in this study was small, a large number of high-quality clinical studies should be considered in the future.