• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2010

우리나라는 각종 재난현장에서 석면노출에 따른 소방공무원을 보호할 수 있는 장비 및 위기대응별 진압대책이 전무한 실정이며, 공무상 재해가 인정되지 않아 법적 제도적 보호대상에서 제외되는 현실에 있다. 석면노출 기준에 의한 보호 장비 착용으로 철저한 소방 활동을 강화함은 물론 소방 활동상 유해성인자의 심각성을 인식하고 질병 피해보상에 대한 제도를 마련하여 아직까지 인정되고 있지 않은 질병에 대한 이러한 질병을 공무상 재해로 인정할 수 있는 제도적 미비점을 보완하여 소방공무원의 사기진작 및 근무환경개선에 따른 대 국민 서비스 향상을 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2022

This study estimated the direct and indirect socioeconomic costs of 238 diseases and 22 injuries from a social perspective in Korea from 2007 to 2015. The socioeconomic cost of each disease group was calculated based on the Korean Standard Disease Classification System. Direct costs were estimated using health insurance claims data provided by the National Health Insurance Service. The numbers of outpatients and inpatients with the main diagnostic codes for each disease were selected as a proxy indicator for estimating patients' medical use behavior by disease. The economic burden of disease from 2007 to 2015 showed an approximately 20% increase in total costs. From 2007 to 2015, communicable diseases (including infectious, maternal, pediatric, and nutritional diseases) accounted for 8.9-12.2% of the socioeconomic burden, while non-infectious diseases accounted for 65.7-70.7% and injuries accounted for 19.1-22.8%. The top 5 diseases in terms of the socioeconomic burden were self-harm (which took the top spot for 8 years), followed by cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, ischemic heart disease, and upper respiratory infections in 2007. Since 2010, the economic burden of conditions such as low back pain, falls, and acute bronchitis has been included in this ranking. This study expanded the scope of calculating the burden of disease at the national level by calculating the burden of disease in Koreans by gender and disease. These findings can be used as indicators of health equality and as useful data for establishing community-centered (or customized) health promotion policies, projects, and national health policy goals.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.565-573
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• 1998

To study the specific tools for the diagnosis of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chicken, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its presumable conditions were evaluated for the detection of hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene of NDV RNA. For these purposes, Kyojeongwon strain of the NDV was propagated in allantoic cavity of SPF embryonating chicken eggs, and viral RNA was extracted from fractionated virus after the allantoic fluids were ultracentrifuged with sucrose gradient. The first-strand cDNA was then made for the HN gene of NDV RNA by reverse transcription at $42^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour using specific primer complementary to the HN gene. The single-stranded cDNA was used as template in the PCR of the HN-DNA, and various conditions of the PCR were evaluated to set up method for the specific detection of the HN-DNA. The PCR conditions promising for the detection of HN gene consist of preheating at $94^{\circ}C$, 5 min, 30 cycles of denaturation at $94^{\circ}C$, 1 min, annealing at $55^{\circ}C$, 1 min and polymerization at $72^{\circ}C$, 2 min, and a cycle of extension at $72^{\circ}C$, 5 min. when NDVs of allantoic fluids without fractionation were applied to the above PCR condition, the HN genes were detected effectively not only from Kyojeongwon but from other velogenic strains such as Herts and a field isolate.

• 식물병연구
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2001

잿빛곰팡이병균 Botrytis cinerea LVF12 분생포자의 토마토 잎 감염에 미치는 영양원의 영향을 조사하고 병원성을 검정한 결과, 0.1M KH$_2$PO$_4$를 첨가한 20% 토마토 쥬스로 만든 분생포자 부유액이 토마토 잎에서 일정하면서도 높은 발병도를 보여 감염에 효과적인 분생포자 영양원으로 선발하였다. 또한 토마토의 생육 단계별로 병원성을 검정한 결과, 유묘보다 성숙한 식물일수록 발병도가 높았고 하위엽이 상위엽보다 발병도가 높았다. 병징은 감염 초기에 갈색의 소형 점무늬가 잎에 형성되고 병반이 잎자루와 줄기까지 진전되면서 잎이 탈락하거나 줄기 전체가 갈변하여 고사하였다. 감염된 열매는 초기에 암갈색의 원형 병반이 형성되고 점점 진전되면서 열매가 물러 썩었는데, 습도가 높을 때에는 병든 잎, 줄기 및 열매가 잿빛의 균사와 분생포자로 뒤덮혀 자연 발생된 병징과 동일한 특성을 보여 주었다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.226-233
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• 2008

BangPungTongSung-San is usually perscribed in Hyungsang medicine for those of Yangmyung type, Pung type, those who have inner fever as well as redness of the tip of the nose, and for those with the external shape who tend to have dandruff. Following conclusions were obtained from the treatment of 8 patients suffering from inflammatory dermatitis. The causes of inflammatory dermatitis are mainly wind-fever, poisonous fever of the Samcho, dry-fever, and congenital conditions. The inflammatory dermatitis usually occurre to people who belong to Yangmyung types having vigorous Yangmyung meridian and body heat. Some patients who did not belong to the Yangmyung type were either those with much body heat or having congenital conditions inherited from their parents. There was no difference in the frequency of disease between men and women. The disease occurred at the times bodily conditions were weak or significant physiological changes took place. The term for the treatment required at least 3 months. Three more months are considered to be needed in treatment even after the completion of the remedy observing the return of the disease. The inflammatory dermatitis is easily occurred and recurred to those who belong to Yangmyung type and therefore the best prevention would be appropriate diet and bodily manner in daily life.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2015

Purpose : When natural disaster occurs, the victims are evacuated to temporary shelters such as indoor gymnasiums or large space buildings until their homes are recovered. If someone in this temporary shelter is infected with an airborne infectious disease, it becomes easier for the disease to spread to the other people in the shelter than it would be under normal conditions. Therefore, temporary shelters need to provide not only water and food but also hygienic indoor conditions. Methods : In this study, the use of mechanical systems such as ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) systems and air cleaners were simulated using numerical analysis to find out how these systems can control airborne infection in temporary shelters. An indoor gymnasium was selected as a temporary shelter for the numerical simulation model considering Korea's post-disaster response system. Influenza A virus was assumed as an airborne infectious disease and the diffusion of the virus was made by one person in the shelter. Results : The result of this study showed that the UVGI systems disinfected the virus more effectively than the air cleaners by creating a more stable airflow after the disinfection process. The air cleaners could remove the virus but since it created an unstable airflow in the temporary shelter, the virus was condensed to a certain area to show a higher virus concentration level than the source location. Implications : In the temporary shelter, it is necessary to use UVGI systems or air cleaners for hygienic indoor conditions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.840-851
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• 1997

To perform voluntary occupational health program in worksites, regulational supports are necessary. The regulational supports include assessment of current occupational health program and appropriate incentives. The purpose of this study is to find out the requirements of voluntary occupational health program and conditions to be improved. Study population was industrial health managers of both industries with less than 300 workers and over 300 workers, and the member of labor union who is responsible for safety and health in worksite. Two different questionnaire were used to find out the requirements and conditions to be improved respectively, The results were; 1. The category which prevalence rate of occupational injuries and occupational disease should be lower than national average was most important in health managers employed in industries over 300 workers and followed by reporting system, education, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, consequently. But those employed in industries less than 300 workers showed high importance in prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, reporting system, worksite policy, work environment assessment, protective equipment, education, consequently 2. The members of labor union thought that worksite policy was most important and the next is education, reporting system, work environment assessment, protective equipment, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease. 3. There were difference in importance of education and worksite policy according to the size of industries. Reporting system, prevalence rate of occupational injuries and disease, and worksite policy had different importance between members of labor union and health managers. 4. In the results of quiestionnaire for conditions to be improved, the most important condition was top manager's willingness except personal protective equipments, and followed by financial support, legal support. The limitations of this study were the problems of representativeness of study population. but voluntary health program should be performed in worksites which have relatively good occupational health system. So, this selection bias could not disrupt our results.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

Objectives : It is necessary that the international classification of diseases (ICD) be examined in order to comprise the third revision of the Korean Classification of Disease on Oriental Medicine (KCD-OM) and disease classification in the oriental internal medicine field. It is essential that the selection, classification and definition of disease and pattern names of oriental concepts in internal medicine be clear. Since 2008, the fifth revision of the Korean Classification of Disease (KCD-5) has been used in Korea. It was required to use the reference classification from the Oriental medicine area based on the ICD-10. Methods : In this review, the necessity for, meaning of and content of the third revision are briefly described. The ICD system was reviewed and KCD-OM was reconstructed. How diagnosis in the oriental internal medicine area had changed is discussed. Review and Results : In 1973, the disease classification of oriental medicine was established the basis on the contents of Dongeuibogam. It was irrespective of the ICD. As to the classification system in the Oriental internal medicine field, systemic disease was comprised of wind, cold, warm, wet, dryness, heat, spirit, ki, blood, phlegm and retained fluid, consumptive disease, etc. Diseases of internal medicine comprised a system according to the five viscera and the six internal organs and followed the classification system of Dongeuibogam. The first and second revisions were of the classification system based on the curriculum in 1979 and 1995. In 1979, in the first revision, geriatric disease and idiopathic types of disease were deleted, and skin disease was included among surgery diseases. This classification was expanded to 792 small classification items and 1,535 detailed classification items to the dozen disease classes. In 1995, in the second revision, it was adjusted to 644 small classes and 1,784 detailed classification items in the dozen disease classes. KCD-OM3 did KCD from this basis. It added and comprised the oriental medical doctor's concept names of diseases considering the special conditions in Korea. KCD-OM3 examined the KCD-OMsecond revised edition (1994). It improved the duplex classification, improper classifications, etc. It is difficult for us to separate the disease names and pattern names in oriental medicine. We added to the U code and made one classification system. By considering the special conditions in Korea, 169 codes (83 disease name codes, 86 pattern name codes) became the pre-existence classification and links among 306 U codes of KCD-OM3. 137 codes were newly added in the third revision. U code added 3 domains. These are composed of the disease name (U20-U33, 97 codes), the disease pattern name (U50-U79, 191 codes) and the constitution pattern name of each disease (U95-U98, 18 codes). Conclusion : The introduction of KCD-OM3 conforms to the diagnostic system by which oriental medical doctors examine classes used with the basic structure of the reference classification of WHO and raises the clinical study and academic activity of the Korean oriental medicine and makes the production of all kinds of nation statistical indices possible. The introduction of KCD-OM3 promotes the diagnostic system by which doctors of Oriental medicine examine classes using the association with KCD-5. It will raise the smoothness and efficiency of oriental medical treatment payments in the health insurance, automobile insurance, industrial accident compensation insurance, etc. In addition, internationally, the eleventh revision work of the ICD has been initiated. It needs to consider incorporating into the International Classification of Diseases some of every country's traditional medicine.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.935-944
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• 2020

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) plays an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis in response to environmental stress. Under conditions of hypoxia or xenobiotic exposure, ARNT regulates the subset of genes involved in adaptive responses, by forming heterodimers with hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF1α and HIF2α) or aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Here, we have shown that ARNT interacts with DDB1 and CUL4-associated factor 15 (DCAF15), and the aryl sulfonamides, indisulam and E7820, induce its proteasomal degradation through Cullin-RING finger ligase 4 containing DCAF15 (CRL4^DCAF15) E3 ligase. Moreover, the two known neo-substrates of aryl sulfonamide, RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39) and RNA-binding motif protein 23 (RBM23), are not required for ARNT degradation. In line with this finding, aryl sulfonamides inhibited the transcriptional activities of HIFs and AhR associated with ARNT. Our results collectively support novel regulatory roles of aryl sulfonamides in both hypoxic and xenobiotic responses.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.266-278
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a substantive theory on self-management conducted by the adolescents with chronic kidney disease from their lived experience. Methods: Data was collected through in-depth interviews from May to December in 2015 with thirteen adolescents with chronic kidney disease. The data collected were analyzed on the basis of Strauss and Corbin's grounded theory. Results: The core of the category found in this study was "overcoming the unstable sense of self- control and integrating disease experience into their life". The causal conditions triggering the central phenomenon were "restriction in daily life" and "manifestation and aggravation of symptom". The central phenomenon in the experience of self-management within the adolescents with chronic kidney disease was "unstable sense of self control". The intervening condition for unstable self control were "micro system support" and "motivational resources". This study found that the adolescents with chronic kidney disease followed a series of strategies when they faced the central phenomenon, including; passive coping, reappraisal of illness, active coping, compliance with treatment, controlling physical activity, and adjusting school life. With these strategic approaches, the adolescents with chronic kidney disease could maintain their active lifestyles and achieve their health behaviors. The process of self-management by these adolescents passed through four phases; limited experience caused by diseases, effort for normalization, reorganizing their daily lives, and integration with daily lives and self-management. Conclusion: This Study explored the process and experience of self-management of adolescents with chronic kidney disease. These findings can be used for basis for developing substantive theory and nursing intervention strategy for adolescents with chronic kidney diseases.