• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.261-272
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• 2009

Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) statistic has been widely used for testing homogeneity of two distributions in the credit rating models. Joseph (2005) used K-S statistic to obtain validation criteria which is most well-known. There are other homogeneity test statistics such as the Cramer-von Mises, Anderson-Darling, and Watson statistics. In this paper, these statistics are introduced and applied to obtain criterion of these statistics by extending Joseph (2005)'s work. Another set of alternative criterion is suggested according to various sample sizes, type a error rates, and the ratios of bads and goods by using the simulated data under the similar situation as real credit rating data. We compare and explore among Joseph's criteria and two sets of the proposed criterion and discuss their applications.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.24
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• pp.73-75
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to propose the human resource management strategies of non-standard workers that can contribute to accomplishing both corporate social responsibility and business purpose in efficient and effective ways. For the purpose, this researcher investigated circumstances under which Korean companies are using non-standard workers and systems related to those workers. In Korea, the Non-Standard Workers Protection Act was enacted and revised, and became effective on July 1, 2007. The main provisions of the act are as follows. First, the systems of discriminatory treatment prohibition was legally stipulated, Second, restrictions on overwork for fixed-term and part-time employees and the written statement of working conditions were compelled. Third, only 26 kinds of jobs were permitted for worker dispatch in accordance with positive list system. To achieve their business purpose, companies often use standard workers, but sometimes non-standard workers unavoidably in accordance with their business strategy. This study propose main human resource management strategies of non-standard workers such as determining the scope of jobs, strengthening legal and systematic human resource management, improving human relations, extending the grievance procedure and converting non-standard workers into standard ones.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.119-134
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• 2019

This study focuses on a recent WTO SPS dispute related to Korea Import Bans and Testing and Certification Requirements for Radionuclides (DS495) in order to learn from the case and take proactive measures to prevent potential import restrictions by Japan on Korean seafood. Korean-Radionuclides (Japan) emphasizes the importance of sufficient scientific evidence, especially scientific information from relevant international organizations, in an effort to take preventive measures towards Japan's restrictions on Korean seafood imports. Japan claims that a novel parasite, Kudoa septempuctata, in Korean flatfish causes food poisoning. As food poisoning is a serious concern, there is a low possibility that Japan's enhanced monitoring measures would be more trade restrictive than required as prescribed in Article 5.6 of the WTO SPS Agreement. In addition, Korea is the biggest exporter of olive flounder to Japan. Hence, the possibility that similar conditions could be established is low in relation to non-discriminatory principles under the WTO SPS Agreement. Accordingly, we should collect relevant scientific evidence, improve domestic sanitary management of fishery products, and seek export diversification so that we prepare for potential import restrictions by Japan and minimize implications.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.269-296
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• 2004

International Procurement refers to the actions governments and public institutions worldwide buy goods and services. With the WTO agreement on government procurement, most procurements are realized by bidding, which accelerates the opening-up of International procurement. Today International procurement has drawn the world's attention. The scale of international procurement market has been developing fast, reaching about US$ 5.55 trillion this year, In our country, however, due to the difficulty in initial market access to local procurement, the participation in taking international procurement is quite inactive, especially when compared with our exporting scale. The UN procurement market has procurement rules that countries which make contributions to UN and developing countries are favorably treated, and non-discriminatory and public competition in bidding and the optimum purchase are kept, and so on. It has its own head office and many subsidiary agencies. Actually the international procurement market offers an international marketplace for suppliers of all tangible goods and services. Therefore, UN and international procurement markets are great significant foreign markets to our country. But our country lagges behind in international procurement as it has not reached to our monetary contribution to UN. Therefore, it's essential to stimulate our company's participations in the UN procurement market. To fulfil this purpose, first of all, this study analyzes the current status of UN procurement market and Korea's current participation status. Then it investigates the procurement information system of UN and Korea's international procurement market information system as well as assistance system. Based on the above, by studying on the actual spots of the interview investigations on the registered firms in UNPD, this thesis discloses the problems with the Korea's national information system and assistance system on UN procurement market. Finally, this study raises the efficient plan for the integrated international procurement information system & assistance system.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.125-141
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• 2020

This study investigated the time-series relationship between housing consumer sentiment and housing prices in the five major districts in Seoul and also analyzed the effect of the housing consumer sentiment on housing prices using Granger Causality and VEC (Vector Error Correction) models. To describe the key results, first of all, housing consumer sentiment and regional housing market prices were closely related to each other, and the consumer sentiment strongly affected the change of housing prices. Second, the housing consumer sentiment was confirmed to have a discriminatory effect on the housing prices among the districts in Seoul in the short term. Specifically, the housing price of the east southern district (ESD) was the main reason for the change in housing consumer sentiment in Seoul, and that the resulting impact was transferred to other districts. Third, it was analyzed that regions other than the ESD would increase the housing prices in the long term as the housing consumer sentiment turned positive, but that the ESD would see a steady tone. Fourth, in the case of relative influence by district, housing (apartment) price fluctuation in a district was generally found to be most affected by adjacent or competitive districts. Through these findings, this study confirmed that there is a clear causality between housing consumer sentiment and housing prices in each district of Seoul and that there is a discriminatory influence on housing consumer sentiment among the districts.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.74-74
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• 2017

Wheat is one of the world's most important crop species. Recently, abnormal climate changes directly influence on the significant reduction of wheat productivity in the world. This threaten allow breeders to find new genetic resources. Wheat is one of the widely grown crops in the world. Individual cultivars / germplasm is adapted in that region where the climate is unique to each other. Therefore, introducing new genetic resources which was good in one place may better perform in another region. In this study, we evaluated germplasm in Korean environment and measured numerous agro-morphological characteristics. Information that are provided by the National Agrobiodiversity Center (Jeonju, Korea) and National Plant Germplasm System (Aberdeen, USA) were included in the analysis. Cluster analysis was performed using the unweight pair-group method of averages. The results of PCA indicated principal discriminatory characteristics of wheat landraces and varieties. Significant differences indicated high variability among the quantitative traits. Cluster analysis results showed that the groups were divided by geological climate condition. The preliminary evaluation of germplasms in Korean environment would help to develop wheat cultivars via providing useful genetic traits that are resided in alien germplasms.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.231-236
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• 2010

Anopheles fluviatilis James (Oiptera: Culicidae) is one of the known malaria vectors in south and southeastern Iran. Earlier ITS2 sequences analysis of specimens from Iran demonstrated only a single genotype that was identical to species Y in India, which is also the same as species T. We identified 2 haplotypes in the An. fluviatilis populations of Iran based on differences in nucleotide sequences of D3 domain of the 28S locus of ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Comparison of sequence data from 44 Iranian specimens with those publicly available in the Genbank database showed that all of the 288-D3 sequences from Kazeroun and Khesht regions in Fars Province were identical to the database entry representing species U in India. In other regions, all the individuals showed heterozygosity at the single nucleotide position, which identifies species U and T. It is argued that the 2 species may co-occur in some regions and hybridize; however, the heterozygosity in the 288-D3 locus was not reflected in ITS2 sequences and this locus for all individuals was identical to species T. This study shows that in a newly diverged species, like members of An. fluviatilis complex, a single molecular marker may not be sufficiently discriminatory to identify all the taxa over a vast geographical area. In addition, other molecular markers may provide more reliable information for species discrimination.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.47-60
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• 2000

Over decades of work, the probiotic research has grown rapidly with a number of new cultures, which is claimed a variety of benefit. However, many of the specific effects attributed to the ingestion of probiotics remain convoluted and scientifically unsubstantiated. Accordingly, the scientific community faces a greater challenge and must objectively seek cause and effect relationships for many potential and currently investigated probiotic species. Rational selection and design of probiotics remains an important challenge and will require a solid information about the physiology and genetics of candidate strains relevant to their intestinal roles, functional activities, and interaction of with other resident micro flora. As far as beneficial culture of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is concerned, simple, cost-effective, and exact identification of candidate strains is of foremost importance among others. Until recently, the relatedness of bacterial isolates has been determined sorely by testing for one or several phenotyphic markers, using methods such as serotyping, phage-typing, biotyping, and so forth. However, there are problems in the use of many of these phenotype-based methods. In contrast, some of newer molecular typing methods involving the analysis of DNA offer many advantages over traditional techniques. These DNA-based methods have the greater discriminatory power than that of phenotypic procedures. This review focuses on the importance and the basis of molecular typing methods along with some considerations on de-sign and selection of probiotic culture for human consumption.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.84-94
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• 2001

Many enterprises introduced or are planning to introduce the ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning) system to effectively develop processor reform activities of enterprises. Domestic ERP systems are emphasizing high efficiency in environment and work process of domestic enterprises and Foreign ERP systems are emphasizing excellent features. However, It is really doubtful whether or not both domestic and foreign ERP system actually offer discriminatory functions and features. Therefore, this study was conducted to examine differences between the domestic and foreign ERP systems by making an empirical study with domestic and foreign ERP systems users, so that the ERP system can be successfully used in the future and offer necessary to ERP system suppliers for better development.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.173-182
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• 2024

While the current share of marine energy in South Korea is less than 1%, it is globally recognized as a resource approximately four times the annual electricity production. Considering the diverse geographical features of the East Sea, South Sea, and West Sea, marine energy development is crucial for South Korea and essential for achieving the 2050 carbon neutrality goal. Policy efforts for marine energy deployment focus on establishing an innovative, open, and integrated R&D system to respond flexibly. The construction of a scientific, economic, and social valid site selection system, along with a maritime spatial planning regime that considers environmental and socio-economic impacts, is emphasized. To expedite the early activation of marine energy, comprehensive policy endeavors, including discriminatory support policies and participation in international standardization, are anticipated to contribute to the sustainable development and dissemination of marine energy. Marine renewable energy plays a significant role in sustainability and addressing climate change, considered an essential component of South Korea's efforts toward carbon neutrality.