• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.79 no.3
• /
• pp.269-277
• /
• 1990

In planning the disaster prevention by the erosion control facilities, it is essential to focus on the microtopography of the channel bed and the chronological process of sedimental movement in the torrential streams. For this purpose, the microtopographical change of the channel bed and the effects of the erosion control facilities in the mountain torrents were analyzed by the experimental channel and the field survey of the torrents where low-dam series had been constructed in the channel. The results of this experiment showed that the effects of construction of the low-dam series on the channel bed fixiation were the prevention of the local scouring in the experimental channel and the expansion of flow channel width and deposit space. The results are summarized as follows : 1. When the low-dam series were constructed over the whole channel bed (L'/L=1), the conning water and the sediment were seperated, simultaneously resulting in deposition of sediment and reduction of the tractive force for the running water. Therefore, the F.A. (Fluctuation area in cross-section: value was decreased to about 65% compared with that of non-work (L'/L=0). 2. The efficiencies of the low-dam series on the channel width were increased with an increment in length of working space. After the construction of low-dam series on the whole channel bed (L'/L=1), flow channel width was increased to about 1.53 times compared with that of non-work (L'/L=0). 3. It needs a deposition area to store the sediment with decrease in tractive force. The low-dam series in the experimental channel widened the deposition area about 2.10 times compared with that of non-work.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.353-364
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of erosion control works on the stream ecosystem in a mountain torrential stream. The species composition of benthic macroinvertebrates and biological water quality were investigated before and after construction of erosion control works at 5 sites. The total number of benthic macroinvertebrates before construction was 3,086 individuals including 4 phyla, 6 classes, 11 orders, 22 families, and 25 species, but after construction it has decreased to 1,208 individuals including 4 phyla, 6 classes, 10 orders, 17 families, and 19 species. Especially, the diversity, richness, and evenness indices, which were calculated based on existing number of biological species, have decreased or not produced at the erosion control sites, where biological species were not found or the minimum number of species were found. The results of community analysis of benthic macroinvertebrates and ESB(Ecological Score of Benthic macroinvertebrate community) indicated that the environmental qualities of the stream based on saprobity, environmental condition, and water quality decreased after the construction at all sites: before construction, the top of the stream was satisfactory and some satisfactory, the middle was some defectiveness, and the lower was defectiveness and very defectiveness; after construction, all parts of the stream except some parts of the top were very defectiveness. Moreover, the water quality of torrential stream was rated between I to III before construction, but after construction, it declined to $IV{\sim}V$ except control. The habitat damage of benthic macro invertebrates occurred at all investigation sites after the construction of erosion control works led to reduction of the number of biological species and water quality deterioration. The results reported in this study were collected directly after the construction of erosion control works. Therefore, additional studies are needed to further explore the effect of disaster-prevention of erosion control works and the recovery process of stream ecosystem through long term monitoring.

• Korean Security Journal
• /
• no.42
• /
• pp.361-391
• /
• 2015

Regarding the [Government Organization Act; which is legislated on 19th November, 2014] Korea Coast Guard(KCG) has been re-organized and belong from Korea Coast Guard shall be established under the Minister of Oceans and Fisheries to Ministry of Public Safety and Security. Furthermore, National Police Agency(NPA) Commissioner has the right for administer duties concerning investigation and information by succession from Korea Coast Guard Commissioner. That means that main rule has been moved from prior KCG to Ministry of Public Safety and Security(MPSS) and NPA currently which is dual structure. Meanwhile, This kind of organization change has been effective to investigative agency which exert KCG's call of duty and causes needs of variety problems. In other words, There are quite huge changes such as KCG's reduction of their work, call of duty and re-organization regarding revised government organization act. However this change - including re-organization by government, was not able to take current MPSS's special features such as organization specialty and legal rights. It means, the current change has not been taken present law system CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW and there was no preparation to stable maritime police authority action as well. To sum up, this revised GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION ACT is supposed to provide total, quick security service by establishing strong disasters and safety control tower. However they only contains few area such as organization revision regarding 'Sewol Ferry Disaster', they was not able to contain the other parts of Society. Therefore, in this article I would like to check the part of re-evaluation of current change made by KCC's organization revision. It is supposed to provide better legal stability by making clear of work area by government agencies who acts maritime police authority.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.52 no.9
• /
• pp.627-635
• /
• 2019

In Korea, snow damage has been happened in the region with no snowfalls in history. Also, casual damage was caused by heavy snow. Therefore, policy about the Natural Disaster Reduction Comprehensive Plan has been changed to include the mitigation measures of snow damage. However, since heavy snow damage was not frequent, studies on snowfall have not been conducted in different points. The characteristics of snow data commonly are not same to the rainfall data. For example, some parts of the southern coastal areas are snowless during the year, so there is often no values or zero values among the annual maximum daily snow accumulation. The characteristics of this type of data is similar to the censored data. Indeed, Busan observation sites have more than 36% of no data or zero data. Despite of the different characteristics, the frequency analysis for snow data has been implemented according to the procedures for rainfall data. The frequency analysis could be implemented in both way to include the zero data or exclude the zero data. The fitness of both results would not be high enough to represent the real data shape. Therefore, in this study, a methodology for selecting a probability density function was suggested considering the characteristics of snow data in Korea. A method to select probability density function using conditional joint probability distribution was proposed. As a result, fitness from the proposed method was higher than the conventional methods. This shows that the conventional methods (includes 0 or excludes 0) overestimated snow depth. The results of this study can affect the design standards of buildings and also contribute to the establishment of measures to reduce snow damage.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.224-238
• /
• 2022

North Korea has actively participated in the international community related to environmental agreements. It has proposed various environmental policies internally since the Kim Jong-un regime. In particular, it emphasizes activities related to climate change response, the Sustainable Development Goals, and the conservation of ecosystems including forests and wetlands. In this study, a new security cooperation plan was proposed with an understanding of the climate crisis and environmental regime as a starting point. To this end, trends and recent activities for climate-environment cooperation in the international community and on the Korean Peninsula were analyzed. In addition, North Korea's conditions for cooperation on the Korean Peninsula, technology demand, and the projected future environment of the Korean Peninsula were dealt with. Ultimately, through advice of experts, we were able to discover cooperation agendas by sector and propose short-term and long-term environmental cooperation strategies for the Korean Peninsula based on them. In this study, conditions and directions for cooperation in fields of climate technology, biological resources, air/weather, water environment, biodiversity, renewable energy, bioenergy, and so on were considered comprehensively. Among 21 cooperation agendas discovered in this study, energy showed the largest number of areas. Renewable energy, forest resources, and environmental and meteorological information stood out as agendas that could be cooperated in the short term. As representative initiatives, joint promotion of 'renewable energy' that could contribute to North Korea's energy demand and carbon neutrality and 'forest cooperation' that could be recognized as a source of disaster reduction and greenhouse gas sinks were suggested.