• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2000

Residual stress is defined as a minimum stress with a large displacement of specimens and the residual stress after peak shear stress appears with displacement volume but there is no provision to select the residual stress. In the previous study, residual stress was recorded when the change of shear load is small in the condition of the strain more than 15%. But, in this study, hyperbolic function((No Abstract.see full/text), b=experimental constant) of soil test is adapted to joint of rock and the propriety is investigated. In a landslide and landsliding of artificial slope, wedge failure of tunnel with a large displacement, tests are simulated from peak stress to residual stress for safety analysis. But now. direct shear stress and triaxial compressive tests are usually performed to find out characteristics of shear stress about joint. Although these tests get a small displacement, that data of peak stress and residual stress are used for safety analysis. In this study, we tried to determine failure criteria for joints of rock using ring shear test machine. The residual stress following shear behavior was determined by the result of ring shear test and direct shear test. In conclusion, after comparing the results of the two test, we found that cohesion(c) and internal friction angle(ø) of ring shear test are 30% and 22% respectively of those of the direct shear test.

• KCI Concrete Journal
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.91-99
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• 2000

A new type of retrof=t anchor bolt that uses deformed reinforcing bars and a commercial adhesive was developed and then an experimental study was carried out to determine the behavior of the anchors in direct shear. The steel-to-concl몫ete interface was tested. Plain concrete slabs with about 20-MPa compressive strength were used for 23 direct shear tests performed Test variables were anchor diameters (D16, D22. and D29) and edge effect. Three different shear tests were completed: simple shear, edge shear where anchors were pulled against the concrete core, and edge shear where anchors were pushed against the concrete cover In the simple and the edge shear tests where the anchors were pulled against the core, the theoretical dowel strength determined by (equation omitted) was achieved but with relatively large displacements. The shear resistances increased with the increasing displacements. In the edge shear test where the anchors were pushrd against the cover, the peak shear strengths signif=cantly lower than the theoretical dowel strength were determined due to cracks developed in concrete when the edge distance was 80 mm. The peak strengths were about 50% of the dowel strength for Dl6 bar. and about 25% or less of the dowel strength for D22 and D29 bars. Test results revealed that the edge shear where the anchor was pushed against the cover controled.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.813-820
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• 2003

The shear friction tests using large direct shear test units were performed to evaluate the friction properties of fiber-mixed soil. The used materials and test conditions were flowing. Soils : SM and ML; mixing fibers : three types of polypropylene fibers(net type 38mm and 60mm, and line type 60mm), reinforcement : geogrid; mixing ratio：0.2% and 0.3%; degree of compaction : 85% and 95%. In the test results, the reinforcing effect of fiber mixed soil was confirmed.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2015

직접전단시험은 전단상자의 경계조건에 따라 흙의 전단거동이 달라지는 것으로 알려져있다. 본 연구의 목적은 Type-A 형태의 기존 직접전단시험기의 문제점에 대해 분석하고 Type-C 형태의 직접전단시험기의 개발을 통해 신뢰성 높은 직접전단결과를 도출하는데 있다. 기존 직전단시험기와 새로 개발된 직접전단시험기를 사용하여 상대밀도가 60%로 조성된 모래시료에 대해 초기 구속응력 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa, 300kPa, 400kPa에서 0.5mm/min의 일정한 전단속도로 직접전단시험을 수행하였다. 일정수직하중 조건에서 수행된 Type-A의 직접전단시험기와 Type-C 시험기의 결과를 비교하여 새로 개발된 시험기의 신뢰성을 평가하였다. 또한 새로 개발된 시험기를 사용하여 일정 수직하중 조건과 정압조건의 두 가지 구속조건에 대한 직접전단시험을 수행하여 그 결과를 비교, 분석하였다. 실험결과, Type-A의 직접전단시험기에서는 하중재하판과 상부 전단상자가 기울거나, 흙의 체적변화로부터 발생되는 시료와 전단상자 내부 벽면간의 마찰이 전단면에 작용하는 응력에 영향을 끼치게 되는 문제가 발생하였다. Type-A의 직접전단시험기에서는 전단상자 형태와 경계조건에 따라 전단강도가 과대 혹은 과소평가 되었다. Type-C의 직접전단시험기에서는 구속조건에 상관없이 일관성있는 실험결과를 나타내었다. 본 연구는 Type-C의 형태로 개발된 직접전단시험기를 통해 Type-A 직접전단시험법의 문제점을 해결하고 신뢰성있는 결과를 도출할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2008

국내 석산에서 생산되는 골재를 사용하여 대형삼축시험과 대형직접전단시험을 동시에 수행한 후 전단특성을 비교하였다. 비교를 위하여 시험조건을 가능한 일치시켰으며, 상대밀도를 50%, 70%, 90%의 세 가지로 변화시켜 시험을 수행하였다. 시험결과 응력-변형률 거동은 두 가지 시험에서 동일하게 나타나며, 전단강도는 상대밀도의 크기에 따라 시험방법별로 추세가 달라진다. 즉, 낮은 상대밀도에서는 대형직접전단시험의 내부마찰각이 대형삼축압축시험 결과 값에 비하여 작게 나타나고, 높은 상대밀도에서는 이 현상이 역전됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.138-147
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 직접전단응력 및 휨 전단응력의 비교분석을 통하여 Perfobond Rib 전단연결재를 사용한 구조물의 하중방향에 따른 전단응력 분석이다. 직접전단응력 분석을 위해서 5개의 변수로 Perfobond Rib 전단연결재 실험체 5개를 제작하고 Push-out Test를 실시하였다. 실험 후 Perfobond Rib 전단연결재의 전단저항 메커니즘을 규명하고, 직접전단응력에 영향을 미치는 주요 인자를 바탕으로 직접전단력을 산출할 수 있는 제안식을 제시하였다. 또한 휨 전단응력의 분석을 위해 강-콘크리트 합성 바닥판 실험체를 제작하고 정적 휨실험을 실시하였다. 정적 휨실험을 바탕으로 휨 거동특성을 분석하고 휨 전단응력을 계산하였다. 직접전단응력과 EN 1994-1-1을 통해 계산된 휨 전단응력을 비교하여 하중방향에 따른 전단저항응력에 대해서 분석을 하였다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.292-304
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• 2019

완만한 거칠기를 갖는 석회암 자연절리면에 대하여 KSRM 표준시험법에 의거한 개별적 직접전단시험과 수직응력을 단계별로 조절하는 다단계 직접전단시험을 실시하였다. 각 시험을 통해 전단시험 전후의 절리면 거칠기 변화를 알아보았고, 두 가지 시험에서 얻은 전단특성 값의 차이를 분석하였다. 두 가지 시험에서 모두 절리면의 거칠기가 클수록 전단저항은 증가하였으며, 수직응력이 증가할수록 절리면의 전단에 필요한 최대전단응력 값은 증가하였다. 다단계 직접전단시험으로 구한 최대마찰각은 개별적 직접 전단시험으로 구한 것의 63% 수준에 불과하였다. 다단계시험은 절리면 요철부의 초기 맞물림이 단계적인 전단과정에 따라 시험 중 수시로 변화되어 원래의 거칠기가 변형되기 때문에 암석 절리면의 마찰각을 구할 때는 개별적 직접전단시험이 더 유효한 방법으로 판단된다. JRC값 4~8의 완만한 거칠기를 갖는 석회암 절리면의 물성값은 최대마찰각 $47^{\circ}$, 잔류마찰각 $38^{\circ}$, 점착력 37 kPa으로 평가되었다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.123-128
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• 2002

This study was performed to use fiber mixed soil which has clayey soil or sandy soil with fibrillated fiber or monofilament fiber on purpose of construction materials, filling materials, and back filling materials. In addition, this study was conducted to analyze strength properties and fiber reinforcing effect with fiber mixed soil by direct-shear test. In case of fibrillated fiber mixed soil, the more quantity of fiber was in both cohesive soil and sandy soil, the larger shear stress was in respective step of normal load. The respective mixed soil at 0.5% and 0.1% mixing ratio of monofilament fiber mixed soil showed maximum shear stress. According to unconfined compression or direct-shear test, making specimen of the monofilament fiber mixed soil, it is required to be careful and stable mixing method, while it is expected that monofilament fiber mixed soil doesn't increase strength.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.104-113
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• 1995

Shear strength of the discontinuity on which the pre-failure of rock slope was occurred during surface excavation was measured through the direct shear test using core samples obtained in-situ. Internal friction angle was increased as the roughness of discontinuity surface(JRC) was increased. Results of the tilt test using core samples of higher JRC also showed very similar trend as those of the direct shear test. When the samples replicated from natural cores were used int he tilt test, results of friction angles showed almost perfect continuation of the residual friction angles from the direct shear test. However, when the gouge material existed in the discontinuity the internal friction angle strongly depended upon the rate of filling thickness to the height of asperity irrespective of the JRC. Based on the results of both direct shear test and tilt test internal friction angle and cohesion of discontinuity, which reflect the in-situ conditions fo pre-sliding failure and also can be used for the optimum design of support system, were assessed. Two kinds of support measures which were expected to increase the stability of rock slope were considered; lowering of slope face angle and installation of rock cable. But, it was found that the first method might lead to more unstable conditions of rock slope when the cohesion of discontinuity plane was negligibly low and in that case the support systems of any kind which could exert actual resisting force were needed to ensure the permanent stability of rock slope.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2011

This study investigated the shear and CBR characteristics of dredge soil-bottom ash-waste tire powder-mixed lightweight soil, which was developed to recycle dredged soil, bottom ash, and waste tire powder. Test specimens were prepared with various contents of waste tire powder ranging from 0 to 100% at 50% intervals by the weight of the dry dredged soil. Several series of triaxial compression tests and CBR tests were conducted. The shear strength characteristics of the lightweight soil were compared using two different shear tests (triaxial compression test and direct shear test). The experimental results indicated that the internal friction angle of the lightweight soil obtained by the direct shear tests was greater than that by the triaxial shear tests. However, the cohesion value obtained by the triaxial shear tests was greater than that by the direct shear tests. The CBR value of the lightweight soil decreased from 35% to 15% as waste tire powder content increased.