• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2003

In recent years, Korean society has witnessed an increased interest in the observance of everyday life proprieties, building healthy families, and psychological well-being of family members. The main purpose of this research was to examine the relationships among the practice of everyday life proprieties, dynamics of family systems, and psychological well-being of Korean married couples. A self-report Questionnaire was used to collect data from married couples with a child over four-years-old who are currently residing in Seoul. 513 couples(1026 individuals) were used for the final data analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, Cronbach'α, Pearson correlation, paired t-test, factor analysis, and multiple regression. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the level of the practice of everyday life propriety was relatively high in both husbands and wives, and no significant gender difference was found in the level. Yet, there were some statistically significant differences in certain sub-dimensions. Wives showed a higher degree of performance in public decorum and social etiquette, whereas husbands exhibited a higher degree of performance in family decorum and communication manners. The family systems were highly dynamic, according to both husbands and wives, and there was no difference between husbands and wives. As for the sub-dimensions, the extent of communication was found to be higher among husbands than among wives. Psychological well-being was again relatively high for both husbands and wives, with husbands significantly higher than wives. Second, the findings indicate that the causal model did fit the data well, and that a myriad of background variables had direct and indirect impacts on psychological well-being, and these relationships were mediated by several variables in the sub-dimension of proprieties observance, family adaptability, and the degree of communication. The implication is that the practice of life propriety, an intervening variable, is crucial in improving psychological well-being of married couples. The findings of this research demonstrate that there are significant causal relationships among the practice of everyday life propriety, family systems dynamics, and psychological well-being. In addition, the observance of proprieties is shown to be a concept that can be used as an important predictor in the area of family resource management. Further research is needed to expand its focus on the practice of proprieties in the family resource management. More concrete and specialized family life education programs should be developed to help build healthy families. Lastly, the results indicate that proprieties education needs to be incorporated in family policies in order to promote the quality of family life.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.345-356
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• 2008

선행 연구에서는 할선강성에 대한 선형해석을 수행함으로써 편리하게 비탄성 설계를 할 수 있는 직접 비탄성 스트럿-타이 모델이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 기존 직접 비탄성 스트럿-타이 모델을 개선하여, 반복계산 없이 할선강성에 대한 한번의 선형해석으로 철근콘크리트 부재의 비탄성 설계를 수행할 수 있는 간략화된 직접 비탄성 스트럿-타이 모델 (simplified direct inelastic strut-and-tie model, 이하 S-DISTM)을 개발하였다. S-DISTM은 철근콘크리트 부재를 콘크리트 압축 스트럿과 철근 인장 타이로 모델링한다. 스트럿과 타이 요소는 설계자의 설계 전략에 따라 탄성강성 또는 할선강성의 선형 재료 모델을 사용한다. 스트럿과 타이 요소의 파괴 기준을 정의하기 위하여 콘크리트 압축파괴 및 철근 인장파단 등을 고려하였다. S-DISTM을 사용하여 깊은보, 연결보, 전단벽 등 다양한 전단지배 철근콘크리트 부재의 비탄성 설계를 수행하였고, 비탄성 설계로 결정된 철근양, 변형 능력 등을 기존 실험 결과와 비교하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2001

In this lysimeter experiment, temporal changes of water percolation rate, irrigation requirement and ${No}_3$－-N leaching were investigated under different cultural practices that were no-till direct seeding on flooded paddy (NTDSF), till direct seeding on flooded paddy (TDSF), and transplanting. The highest water percolation rate of 3,001 l/$m^2$ was measured in NTDSF. Others were 2,551 l/$m^2$ and 2,210 l/$m^2$ in TDSF and transplanting. Water percolation rate in NTDSF and TDSF was increased by 36% and 15% compared to transplanting. Water percolation rates in all cultural practices were increased remarkably from the reproductive growth stage and relatively large amount of water loss through percolation was measured even after the reproductive growth stage. A total irrigation requirement was 3,469 l/$m^2$ in NTDSF and 2,898 l/$m^2$ in TDSF. That was equivalent to 45% and 21 % of increase compared to 2,389 l/$m^2$ in transplanting. The largest ${No}_3$－-N leaching through the entire rice growing period was 701 mg/$m^2$ in NTDSF and was followed by 494 mg/$m^2$ in TDSF and 465 mg/$m^2$ in transplanting. The ratios to the total amount of ${No}_3$－-N leaching at the vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth stage and ripening stage were 31 %, 41 % and 28% in NTDSF; 21 %, 48% and 31 % in TDSF; and 18%, 48% and 35 % in transplanting.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.95-105
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the difference between direct and indirect nursing activity times according to the grade of nursing management fee. Methods: The subjects of this study were 324 working nurses at the time of 3rd grade and 319 working nurses at the 2nd grade of nursing management fee in one university hospital. Nursing activity time was measured in April and May, and in September and October of 2008 for comparison. The data were analyzed by SPSS win using frequency and t-test. Results: Direct nursing care activity time per one patient was significantly higher at 2nd grade than 3rd grade in day shift (t=-2.55, p=.012). Direct nursing care workload per one nurse was significantly lower at 2nd grade than 3rd grade in evening shift (t=2.21, p=.030), whereas indirect nursing care workload was lower at 2nd level in night shift (t=2.43 p=.016). Conclusion: The findings from this study showed that higher nurse-to-patient ratio can provide greater amount of direct nursing care activity for the patient. Also, it decreased workload of nurses. The higher nurse-to-patient ratio will be beneficial for promoting quality of nursing care as well as decreasing nurse's heavy workload.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.409-415
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• 2014

본 연구는 일 지역 간호대학생의 임상실습 스트레스와 그에 대한 스트레스 대처의 관련성을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 한국의 C 도시에 위치한 2개 대학의 간호학생을 대상으로 하였으며, 자료수집은 연구참여에 동의한 사람 160명을 대상으로 2012년 3월부터 9월까지 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 수행하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 18.0을 이용하여 분석하였고, 서술통계, 피어슨 상관분석 등을 이용하였다. 연구결과 임상실습 스트레스 점수는 평균 $2.72{\pm}6.2$였으며, 스트레스 대처점수는 $2.60{\pm}0.37$ 이었다. 스트레스 대처양상 중 희망적 사고는 오리엔테이션(r=0.32, p<0.01), 집담회의(r=0.52, p<0.01), 과제하기(r=0.29, p<0.01)시의 스트레스가 발현시에 관련성이 높았고, 임상실습 시험시의 스트레스는 문제집중대처양상과 관련성이 높았다(r=0.31, p<0.05). 간호사 대하기(r=0.31, p<0.01), 또는 기타 보건전문인과 대인관계하기(r=0.35, p<0.01)시의 스트레스는 긍정적 관점으로 대처하기 양상과 관련성이 높았다. 학생들은 긍정적이고 활동적인 대처양상을 보여주었으며, 이는 임상현장에서 경험하는 스트레스를 효과적으로 다룰 수 있는 충분한 능력을 향상시키는데 좋은 경험이 될 것이다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2016

본 연구는 치위생(학)과 학생의 통합성, 임상실습스트레스, 학과만족도와의 관계를 파악하는 데 목적이 있다. 임상실습을 1회 이상 경험한 치위생(학)과 학생을 편의 추출하여 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 총 319명의 자료를 최종 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 일반적 특성에 따른 임상실습스트레스에서는 학제기준에서는 '4년제' 학생이, 학과선택동기에서는 '주변권유로' 치위생(학)과를 선택한 경우가, 임상실습스트레스가 많은 것으로 나타났다. 학과만족도는 학제기준에서는 '3년제'가, 학과성적에서는 '4.0 이상'대의 학생들이 높게 나타났다. 임상실습횟수에서는 '2회 이하'의 실습을 한 학생들이 가장 높은 학과만족도를 나타냈다. 둘째, 통합성은 임상실습스트레스(p<0.01)와 음의 상관관계를, 학과만족도(p<0.01)와는 양의 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 경로분석 결과 통합성에 따른 임상실습스트레스, 임상실습스트레스에 따른 학과만족도는 모두 부정적 영향관계를 나타냈으며, 통합성에 따른 학과만족도는 정적 영향관계를 나타냈다. 요인간의 직, 간접효과는 모두 유의한 차이를 보였으나 간접효과는 0.06으로 낮게 나타나 통합성과 학과만족도 사이에서 임상실습스트레스는 부분매개효과를 가지나 매우 크지 않은 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 결과를 볼 때 통합성, 임상실습스트레스, 학과만족도 간에는 영향관계가 있는 것으로 확인되었으나 간접효과가 낮게 나타난 부분에 대한 충분한 논의를 통하여 확대 후속연구를 제언하며 통합성과 관련한 반복적 연구를 통해 통합성 증진프로그램을 개발하고 학과만족도를 높일 수 있는 방안의 모색이 필요하다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.249-259
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• 2019

본 연구 목적은 대학생의 대학적응, 인성, 의사소통능력, 대인관계 유능성이 현장실습적응에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 시행하였다. G도의 J시와 C시에 소재한 대학교 간호대학생과 의과대학생 231명을 대상으로 하였으며, SPSS/WIN 20.0를 이용하여 Baron & Kenny의 3단계 절차를 이용한 다중회귀분석과 Sobel test를 이용한 매개효과의 유의성을 검증하였다. 현장실습적응에 직접적인 영향은 대학적응(${\beta}=.22$, p=.003)과 대인관계 유능성(${\beta}=.38$, p<.001)이었으며, 인성과 의사소통능력은 현장실습적응에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 효과(${\beta}=.02$, p=.740), (${\beta}=.04$, p=.590)는 유의하지 않았으나 대인관계 유능성을 통한 간접효과가 유의하였다(${\beta}=.15$, p=.004), (${\beta}=.19$, p=.011). 인성과 의사소통능력이 대인관계 유능성을 매개로 현장실습적응에 영향을 미치는 요인이므로, 대학에서 바람직한 인성교육과 의사소통능력, 대인관계 향상을 위한 훈련프로그램 마련이 중요하다.

• 치과방사선
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.387-396
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• 1999

In dentistry. RadioVisioGraphy was introduced as a first electronic dental x-ray imaging modality in 1989. Thereafter. many types of direct digital radiographic system have been produced in the last decade. They are based either on charge-coupled device(CCD) or on storage phosphor technology. In addition. new types of digital radiographic system using amorphous selenium. image intensifier etc. are under development. Advantages of digital radiographic system are elimination of chemical processing, reduction in radiation dose. image processing, computer storage. electronic transfer of images and so on. Image processing includes image enhancement. image reconstruction. digital subtraction, etc. Especially digital subtraction and reconstruction can be applied in many aspects of clinical practice and research. Electronic transfer of images enables filmless dental hospital and teleradiology/teledentistry system. Since the first image management and communications system(IMACS) for dentomaxillofacial radiology was reported in 1992. IMACS in dental hospital has been increasing. Meanwhile. researches about computer-assisted diagnosis, such as structural analysis of bone trabecular patterns of mandible. feature extraction, automated identification of normal landmarks on cephalometric radiograph and automated image analysis for caries or periodontitis. have been performed actively in the last decade. Further developments in digital radiographic imaging modalities. image transmission system. imaging processing and automated analysis software will change the traditional clinical dental practice in the 21st century.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13호
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• pp.130-138
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• 1997

This study is to present the visual phenomenon of natural light in the interior space. The continuously changing natural light define the visual phenomenon of the architectural space. First, the objective of this study was finding the importance of the visual phenomena which were generated from correlating natural right with the interior space. And the second was to categorize the factors of the visual phenomenon which can be useful factors for modern interior design practice. As a result of this study, two visual phenomena were classified. First; territorial phenomenon: dividing, partitioning, and sectioning by natural light, Second; phenomena by the inflow methods of natural light; a) by direct inflow; transparency, expansion, and floating, b) by filtering fixtures; the architectural structure, color, and the transluscent material, c) by dramatic spacial present of natural light, d) by the sense of direction of naturel light; continuity, and transformatiov. Found and classified each factor is not presented by itself, rather compounded forms. Because of the limited analysis of modern buildings, these found visual factors can not represent all phenomena. But if we practice these finding factors to design present interior space, it is sure of being very valuable factors to re-introduce the overlooked natural light into interior space.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the plan to introduce a practical skills test as part of the national examination for nursing licensure. Method: The delphi method was used. The first set of data was collected by open questionnaire from universities and hospitals nationally. The second and third were collected by structured questionnaire. Results: The biggest problem for clinical Practice in nursing education was reported as the lack of opportunities for direct nursing practice. The biggest performance problem in job duties for novice nurses was reported as the lack of integrated problem solving skills in a clinical situation. The biggest problem with the current national examination was reported as the use memorizing solutions to test questions. It was suggested that the best plan to resolve problems with the national examination would be to develop test questions representative of the clinical setting and increase personnel in clinical education. About the introduction of a practical skills test as part of the national examination, 56.9% were in agreement and 38.5% disagreed. Conclusion: The current national examination has many problems when it comes to testing clinical competency. So, a practical skills test must be deferred to a future time. There are also many difficulties in presenting a real situation, therefore further research is needed in preparation for the introduction of a practical skills test.