• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2002년도 연료전지심포지움 2002논문집
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• pp.197-200
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• 2002

The electrooxidation of methanol was studied using carbon-supported PtRu(1:1) alloy nanoparticles In sulfuric acid solution for application to a direct methanol fuel cell. The GNF-supported catalyst showed excellent catalytic activities compared to those of Vulcan XC-72. The structure and electrocatalytic activity of carbon-supported electrocatalyst were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The CV and CA confirmed the advantage of GNF as the supporting material. This can be explained by assuming that the enhanced activities of GNF-supported catalyst for methanol electrooxidation were caused by the unique properties of GNF.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2007

In the present study, crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes were prepared at different temperatures using poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSA_MA) (PVA:PSSA_MA = 1:9). The hybrid mem-branes were prepared by varying the TEOS content between 5 and 30 wt%. The PSSA_MA was used both as a crosslinking agent and the hydrophilic group donor ($-SO_3H$ and/or-COOH). The proton conductivity increased with up to 20 wt% TEOS, but decreased above this level, although the water content decreased with increasing TEOS content. This result suggests that the silica doped into the membrane improved the formation of proton-conduction pathways due to the absorption of molecular water. The PVA/PSSA_MA/Silica containing TEOS 20% showed both high proton conductivity (0.026 S/cm at $90^{\circ}C$) and low methanol permeability ($5.55{\times}10^{-7}cm^2/s$).

• 전기화학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.6-11
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• 2005

직접보로하이드라이드 연료전지는(direct borohydrides fuel cell. DBFC) 직접메탄을 연료전지가 갖는 메탄을 크로스오버(crossover)문제를 해결할 수 있어서, 휴대용 및 이동용 전원으로 활용하기 위하여 새롭게 대두되고있는 연료전지이다. 본 논문에서는 직접보로하이드라이드 연료전지의 전극제조 공정 확립을 위하여 여러 가지의 연료극 및 공기극 촉매를 선정하고 열가압법 (hot pressing)으로 전극을 제조하여 이에 대한 성능 특성을 고찰하였다. 공기극 촉매로는 Pt/C와 Pt black을 사용하였고, 연료극 촉매로는 Pt/C. Pt black, Au/C, $AB_5$ alloy를 사용하였다 제조된 전극 촉매는 XRD, SEM, EDS 등을 통한 특성 분석과 단위전지 운전을 통하여 I-V특성 분석이 이루어졌다. 다양한 촉매 조합을 통하여 촉매별 단전지 테스트를 한 결과 공기극 및 연료극 촉매를 Pt/C로 했을 때 가장 높은 성능인 366mW/mg을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.270-270
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• 2006

We have prepared polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) for DMFC from polymer mixture of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl alcohol-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (AP-2) changing the AP-2 content. The proton conductivity(${\Box}$) and methanol permeability(P) of the PEMs increase with increasing AP-2 content because the water content of the PEMs increases with increasing AP-2 content. The proton permselectivity of the PEMs, which is defined as ${\Box}={\Box}/P$, indicates higher values than that of $Nafion{(R)}$117.

• 세라미스트
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2019

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) have found a wide variety of commercial applications such as portable computer and mobile phone. In a fuel cell, the catalysts have an important role and durability and efficiency are determined by the ability of the catalyst. The activity of the catalyst is determined by the structure and shape control of the nanoparticles and the dispersion of the nanoparticles and application system. The surface energy of nanoparticles determines the activity by shape control and the nanostructure is determined by the ratio of bi- and tri-metals in the alloy and core-shell. The dispersion of nanoparticles depends on the type of support such as carbon, graphen and metal oxide. In addition, a hybrid system using both optical and electrochemical device has been developed recently.

• 멤브레인
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)을 주쇄부(base polymer)로 하여 화학적 가교를 실시하기 위하여 Poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSA-MA)를 첨가하고, 실리카와 술폰산기를 함유한 3-(trihydroxysilyl)-1-propanesulfonic acid (THS-PSA)의 함량변화와 열 가교온도 변화를 통하여 직접 메탄을 연료전지(DMFC)에 적용하기 위한 고분자 전해질 막 소재에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 제조된 막을 Nafion 115와 함께 비교하기 위하여 동일한 조건에서 함수율, 열 중량 분석(TGA), 이온교환용량, 이온전도도 및 메탄올 투과도를 실시하였다. 실험을 통하여 THS-PSA의 함량과 열 가교 온도변화에 따라서 메탄올 투과도가 $10^{-6}$에서 $10^{-8}\;cm^2/s$로 감소된 결과를 얻었으며, 이온전도도는 $10^{-3}$에서 $10^{-2}\;S{\cdot}cm^{-1}$으로 향상되어 Nafion 115보다 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.514-520
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• 2005

Composite membranes of Nafion and sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) were prepared. Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with different degrees of sulfonation were blended with Nafion to reduce the methanol crossover. The morphology, proton conductivity and methanol permeability of the resulting composite membranes were investigated by SEM, EDAX, AC impedance spectroscopy and permeability measuring instrument. The cross­sections of the composite membranes showed a phase separated morphology. The morphology and phase separation mechanism could be controlled by varying the blend ratio and the degree of sulfonation of poly(arylene ether sulfone). These complex morphologies can be applied for reducing methanol crossover. The methanol permeability and proton conductivity of the composite membranes were lower than those of Nafion 117 membrane since the development of an ionic pathway in the blend membrane was more difficult than that in Nafion itself.

• 청정기술
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.320-326
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• 2013

방사선환원법을 통해 탄소지지체(Vulcan XC-72$^{(R)}$)를 기반으로 한 나노사이즈의 PtRu-Ni/VC와 PtRu-Sn/VC를 합성하였다. 합성된 촉매는 투과전자현미경(transmission electron microscopy, TEM), 주사전자현미경-에너지 분산형 분석기(scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy, SEM-EDS), X선 광전자 분광기(X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, XPS), X선 회절(X-ray diffraction, XRD)을 통해 촉매의 표면과 구조 및 성분에 대해 특성평가 되어졌으며, 촉매 전기화학적 효율 및 안정성 대한 평가를 위하여 산소 환원 반응, 메탄올 산화반응과 CO 흡착 효율을 E-TEK사에서 상용촉매로 판매되는 PtRu/VC$^{(R)}$ (60 wt% PtRu)와 비교하였으며, 이에 대한 요약은 다음과 같다. 수소 흡 탈착 반응 : PtRu-Sn/VC > PtRu-Ni/VC > PtRu/VC$^{(R)}$ (E-TEK). 메탄올산화반응 : PtRu-Sn/VC > PtRu-Ni/VC > PtRu/VC$^{(R)}$ (E-TEK). 단위셀 효율 : PtRu-Sn/VC > PtRu-Ni/VC > PtRu/VC$^{(R)}$ (E-TEK).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.138.1-138.1
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• 2010

직접메탄올 연료전지는 액체 메탄올 저장의 이점을 가지고 있어 이동형 전원 등의 응용에 적합하며, 최근 군사용 통신 전원이나 노트북용 전원으로 사용하기 위한 연구가 활발히 진행 중이다. 그러나 연료전지 스스로는 초기 기동을 할 수 없고 부하의 응답 특성에 빠르게 대응하기 어렵다. 따라서 연료전지와 배터리를 하이브리드로 구성하면 이러한 문제를 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 연료전지에 대한 부하가 안정되어 수명 연장에도 긍정적인 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 직접메탄올 연료전지와 리튬 이차전지를 연계하여 하이브리드 시스템을 구성하고자한다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 채널 형상에 따른 유동 및 차압을 해석하였으며, Single Cell, Short Stack 및 Stack의 특성을 평가하였다. 또한 하이브리드 시스템은 연료전지 스택, 연료전지 운전 장치, 리튬 이차전지, BMS, PCM, DC/DC Converter 등을 구성하여 시스템의 특성 등을 관찰하고자한다.

• 한국전기화학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기화학회 2002년도 연료전지심포지움 2002논문집
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• pp.211-218
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• 2002

In this study, Pt/Pd (1.1), PtPd (2:1) and PtPd (3:1) binary catalysts and Pt/Ru/Pd (5:4:1) ternary catalyst were designed. The catalysts were synthesized by impregnation method using $NaBH_4$ as a reducing agent. A good catalyst for methanol oxidation requires low on-set potential, stable durability and low activation energy. In order to investigate the catalytic activity for the methanol oxidation, electrochemical measurements such as cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were peformed in sulfuric acid with/without methanol solution. In order to calculate the activation energy of the reaction, electrochemical measurements were also tested at different temperatures. For investigation of the structural analysis such as particle size and alloying, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analysis were used. In order to identify the role of the Pd and to determine the composition of the surface of the Pt/Pd nanoparticles, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was investigated. The XPS spectra of Pd showed that Pd appears only as a metallic state in the binary catalysts. The chemical states of Pt in PtPd catalysts are both metallic and oxidative. Polarization curves and power density data were obtained by testing the DMFC unit cell performance of PtPd and PtRuPd catalysts. These data showed that Pt/Pd (2:1) and Pt/Ru/Pd (5:4:1) have better performance than Pt and Pt/Ru, respectively.