• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.41-45
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• 2016

Statistical data show that a large aircraft(transport category) is struck by lightning once a year or once per 1,000 ~ 20,000 flight time. The protection design for lightning must be applied to the aircraft because an aircraft is developed on condition that it is absolutely struck by lightning. For the proper protection design, we need to understand direct effect and indirect effect of lightning. This paper described the direct effect of lightning on aircraft's structures and systems.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.07c
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• pp.1787-1789
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• 2004

This paper deals with the lightning effects on aircraft. The effects are divided into two groups. The one is the direct effect due to the direct attachment of the lightning channel and/or conduction of lightning current. The other is the indirect effect like electrical transients induced by lightning in aircraft conductive components such as electric circuits. In this paper presents the analysis of lightning mechanism.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

Every 3000 hour an aircraft is stricken by a lightning. Also the lightning damage to the aircraft during flight are continually occurred due to extreme weather phenomena such as global warming. Under the airworthiness standards, the aircraft must be designed to protect lightning. To show compliance for lightning, the test should be conducted by the actual lightning current and voltage waveform for the actual aircraft or parts. After test, structure damage is detected via visual inspection or NDI. Structure substantiation for damage is to show retaining limit or near limit load capability. This is conducted by test or analysis based on test. Thus, the aircraft should retain structural strength to land safely, even though the damage of aircraft fuselage from Lightning strike are occurred.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.302-312
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• 2023

This paper describes the analysis of lightning strike zoning, the indirect lightning data simulation and the protection design for lightning indirect effects of equipment by lightning strike for unmanned aircraft consisting of composite wings. Through the analysis of lightning strike zoning according to the external shape of unmanned aerial vehicles, the structure areas that should be protected during lightning strike is derived, and the protection requirements of lightning indirect effects for flight critical equipments and equipment that must be operated upon lightning strike was derived. Lightning protection levels according to the location of mounting equipment and surrounding structure materials for each equipment was derived, and the protection design of the unmanned aerial vehicle with composite structures was also proposed from direct effect of lightning. Later, the lightning protection technology will be verified by the ground test of lightning direct and indirect effects.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.558-560
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• 2003

The effects of surge arresters for protection of transmission systems against direct lightning strokes have already been investigated using the digital simulation program EMTP. Distribution lines are spanned on a much large area as compared to transmission lines, and therefore, are more often susceptible to lightning strokes. This paper analyzes the overvoltages on underground cable system against direct lightning strokes to the overhead ground wire using the digital simulation. The effects of lightning protection methods, such as lowering the grounding resistance and installing the surge arrester, for preventing overvoltages on underground cable system caused by direct lightning strokes to the overhead ground wire is investigated. Several schemes have been proposed to protect underground cables. This paper summarizes the main results of a study aimed at analysis of lightning overvoltages in variety underground feeders protected by metal-oxide arresters. This study will provide insulation coordination methods for reasonable system design in 22.9kV underground cable system.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.167-174
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• 2016

The Korean distribution line currently consists of overhead ground wires (OHGW), overhead distribution lines, neutral wires (NW), and messenger wires (MW). The MW is installed under the NW. The lightning protection system in Korea is focused on OHGW and lightning arrester and the MW are not considered. Therefore, this paper proposes the applicability of MW for purpose of lightning protection. For this, we analyzed the effects of lightning overvoltage according to the existence of OHGW and MW and the grounding conditions of the MW in the Korean distribution system. The grounding conditions of the MW that we took into consideration were the common or separate grounding of the MW and NW. The analysis based on the equivalent circuit of the distribution pole at each condition was performed. The distribution lines and lightning were modeled using the Electromagnetic Transients Program (EMTP). For each of the installation conditions of the OHGW and MW, the various lightning conditions were simulated and analyzed for both direct and indirect lightning. The simulation results showed that, if the OHGW was not installed in the Korean distribution system, the lightning overvoltage could be reduced by the common grounding of the MW and NW.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.238-247
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• 2004

This paper describes the insulation coordination scheme of line in distribution system when the direct lightning surge strikes. The BIL that is applied to distribution system is not properly considered the performance and operation of arresters. Because of that, the high BIL is being used at partial system. This paper variously analyses the lightning overvoltage of line and equipment with earth of overhead grounding wire and installation types of arrester. From these result. authors examine the rationality of BIL.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.53 no.8
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• pp.454-460
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• 2004

The effects of surge arresters for protection of transmission systems against direct lightning strokes have already been reviewed using Electromagnetic Transients Program(EMTP). Distribution lines are spanned in much larger area than transmission lines, and therefore, are more susceptible to lightning strokes. We have modelled the 22.9kV underground distribution cable systems that have arresters and grounding wires. And this paper analyzes the overvoltages on underground distribution cable systems when direct lightning strokes strike on the overhead grounding wire using EMTP. Then we investigated that (1) the effects of lightning stroke according to underground distribution cable length (2) voltages at the riser pole and at the cable terminal according to installation of arrester. This study will provide insulation coordination methods for reasonable systems design in 22.9kV underground distribution cable systems.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.65-70
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• 2015

Lightning is one of hazards affecting the rapid-transit railway system. There are two effects, which are direct lightning surge to electric car line and induced lightning surge. Protection methods for the direct lightning surge are studied with various occasions, however, study of induced lightning surge is insufficient in spite of a large or small effects. In this paper, it is analysed the way that serge voltage is induced to electric car line by lightning strikes. By modeling the propagation process and the coupling phenomenon of electromagnetic wave produced by lightning strikes, it is achieved to make integrative circuit model combined with existing electric car model. The study is conducted into three different waveform of electromagnetic wave produced by lightning; rectangular wave, double exponential distribution wave, triangle wave. It is also simulated that the inducing serge is coupled to electric car line in an arbitrary location. The simulation results in that, when rapidly changing rectangular wave is supplied, maximum power is induced to electric car line.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.5A no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

The effects of surge arresters for the protection of transmission systems against direct lightning strokes have already been reviewed by many researchers. However, their studies have not encompassed underground cable systems. Therefore, in this paper we investigate the 22.9kV combined distribution systems that have arresters and ground wires. In addition, we analyze the overvoltages on underground distribution cable sections when direct lightning strokes contact the overhead ground wire using EMTP. Finally, we discuss the effect of lightning strokes according to the change of cable length and installation of arresters. This study provides insulation coordination methods for reasonable system design in 22.9kV underground distribution cable systems.