• 아동학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2014

This study examined how child care teachers' background characteristics, self-efficacy and job stress relate to their job satisfaction. Participants were 400 child care teachers in Seoul and Gyeonggi, Korea. Structural equation models were developed based on the authors' hypothesized model, which proposed that teachers' self-efficacy and job stress have a mediating effect in the relationship between teachers' background characteristics and job satisfaction. The results revealed that career directly influenced on self-efficacy and job stress but had no direct effect on job satisfaction. Education level was found to have a direct effect on job stress but had no direct effect on self-efficacy and job satisfaction. Teachers' self-efficacy affected job stress and job satisfaction and job stress affected job satisfaction. Furthermore, self-efficacy mediated the effects of career on job stress and job satisfaction. Additionally, job stress mediated the effects of education level and self-efficacy on job satisfaction. These results suggested that teachers' self-efficacy and job stress were key predictors and mediating variables in the relationship between background characteristics and job satisfaction.

• 청정기술
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 금형의 재활용을 촉진하기 위하여 성형공정을 소재의 제거공정과 부가공정으로 보고, 신속 성형 방법인 레이저 직접 금속조형(LADMD) 공정의 환경영향 및 생산성을 제거공정인 밀링가공과 비교하여 평가하였다. 두 가지 형상의 금형에 대하여 CAM 프로그램인 PowerMill을 이용하여 가공경로를 생성하고 가공시간을 예측하여 생산성을 알아본 결과 LADMD 공정의 생산성은 가공량이 유사한 경우에도 밀링공정에 비하여 월등히 우수한 결과를 보였다. 환경 친화적 가공방법으로 알려져 있는 LADMD 공정을 에너지의 사용에 초점을 맞추어 평가한 결과로는 레이저의 발생을 위하여 사용하는 전기에너지의 양이 전통적인 밀링가공법에 비하여 월등하게 많은 점이 앞으로 개선하여야 할 문제임을 알 수 있었다. 여러 가지 장점을 갖고 있는 LADMD 공정은 생산성 및 경제성이 우수하고 자원의 낭비를 줄일 수 있으며 친환경적인 가공법으로 재제조 분야에서 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.302-313
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors in quality of life and to construct a model of quality of life in longevity region dwelling elders. Methods: Data were collected from January to July, 2010 through direct interviews and a self-reporting questionnaire survey with 171 subjects who were living at the S County (gun). The collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 and AMOS 19.0 programs. Results: Economic status, social support, health behavior and depression were shown to have direct and total effects on quality of life and were statistically significant. Health status had indirect and total effects on quality of life and was statistically significant. And, self-efficacy had direct, indirect and total effects on quality of life and was statistically significant. These variables of the hypothetical model accounted for 41.4% of quality of life. Conclusion: In order to improve quality of life in longevity region dwelling elders, it is necessary to provide economic support and social support services in tandem with social welfare. And, we need to apply interventions strengthening self-efficacy, health behavior, and health status, and decreasing depression.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.35-58
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• 2020

Purpose - This study examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) location choice for Chinese firms, focusing on the agglomeration effect for firms of the same nationality. Design/methodology - The empirical data are China's inward FDI from the top 19 economies (excluding tax havens and Taiwan) in terms of FDI during 1997-2015 and China's outward FDI from the top 18 economies (excluding tax havens). This study uses a random effects generalized least squares model for panel data analysis. Findings - The results confirm that both host countries' costs and market conditions and the degree of agglomeration affect these countries' attractiveness for FDI inflows. Specifically, agglomeration has a significant effect on China's inward and outward FDI. This study confirms that the agglomeration of firms of the same nationality has predictive power for multinational enterprises' FDI location choices. The host countries' real GDP and trade openness also positively affect FDI inflows. Interestingly, however, China's production cost has a positive effect. Thus, inward FDI aimed at entering the Chinese market is increasing in recent years relative to the previous efficiency-seeking FDI. Inward FDI in China is therefore the market-entry type, whereas outward FDI by Chinese firms is the market-oriented type. Originality/value - These results suggest that the effects of the potential determinants of Chinese outward FDI are similar to those of inward FDI as China's trade liberalization progresses.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examines the effects of several brand variables on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology: The survey was conducted on a community with 302 city residents in Greater Jakarta as consumers of lighting products. The constructs were arranged based on several independent variables such as brand experience, brand relationships, and brand trust on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Customer satisfaction was positioned as an intervening variable to examine the effects on brand loyalty. Results: The consumer's experience determines the attitude and satisfaction at the next action. Brand experience significantly influences customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Meanwhile, a brand association related to the benefits of the product concerned so that the relationship also affects customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. However, the brand relationship does not affect brand trust. Consumers do not readily believe without experience. Conclusion: The consumer's experience significantly influences satisfaction and brand loyalty, both direct and indirect. Brand relationships affected customer satisfaction and had a direct effect on brand loyalty. Likewise, brand trust has a direct effect on brand loyalty. The findings' implications emphasize the importance of brand owners to provide positive, memorable experiences to the consumers.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.813-821
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• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the actor and partner effects of daily stress and dyadic coping on marital satisfaction using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Mediational Model (APIeM). Methods: Participants were 314 couples who met the study's eligibility criteria. Data were collected from March to April 2016 through apartment and cooperative company communities in Seoul. Two APIeMs of positive and negative dyadic coping were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 and Mplus 7.4. All measures were self-administered. Results: Daily stress and positive and negative dyadic coping in both spouses had direct actor effects on their marital satisfaction. Daily stress in both spouses had an indirect actor effect on marital satisfaction through their positive and negative dyadic coping. The husband's daily stress had an indirect partner effect on the wife's marital satisfaction through his positive dyadic coping, while the wife's positive dyadic coping had a direct partner effect on the husband's marital satisfaction. The husband's daily stress had an indirect partner effect on the wife's marital satisfaction through his negative dyadic coping, while the wife's negative dyadic coping had a direct partner effect on the husband's marital satisfaction. Conclusion: Dyadic coping is an effective way to deal with couple's daily hassles as it increase their satisfaction in marriage.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 2021

Purpose: In this study, with the transaction amount of foreign direct Purchase and foreign direct sales increasing, South Korea is in a situation where foreign direct sales are focused on China. We looked at the impact of consumer innovation and site characteristics on repurchase ability among the characteristics of overseas direct purchase consumers as a way to make direct overseas sales to various overseas countries. Research design, data and methodology: Consumer innovativeness consists of four variables: functional, hedonistic, social, and cognitive, and the site characteristics consisted of four variables: product price, product assortment, convenience, and service. The study was conducted on consumers with foreign direct purchase experience, and was finally used in 252 additional analyses. Results: The main findings of this study were first, that the impact on the degree of re-purchase among consumer innovativeness of foreign direct purchase consumers had a significant impact in the order of cognitive innovativeness, hedonistic innovativeness, and functional innovativeness. Social innovativeness did not affect the degree of re-purchase. Second, site characteristics have been found to have a significant impact on the degree of re-purchase in order of product assortment, commodity price, and service. Convenience did not affect the degree of re-purchase. Conclusions Taken together these results can be called the biggest characteristic of the cognitive innovativeness of the consumer's inclination to use the overseas direct purchase, the price or quick response of the goods sold on the site is a factor that affects the re-purchase, above all it is important to have a variety of products. We will present this element as a way to make direct sales abroad to various countries. In addition, foreign direct purchase is a lot of transactions in China, the United States, EU, but the share of China is high in foreign direct sales, and the U.S. and EU have a very low performance, it is important to consider the reasons why they prefer Korean products in China to study the social and cultural characteristics of U.S. and European consumers in the future, and to support and active marketing that companies and sellers can increase sales.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.757-777
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the outcome variables of nursing unit managers' transformational leadership and to test a hypothetical model using meta-analytic path analysis. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Data analysis, conducted using R version 3.6.2 software, included 49 studies for the meta-analysis and 119 studies for meta-analytic path analysis. Results: In the meta-analysis, four out of 32 outcome variables were selected. These four variables were empowerment, nursing performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment, which showed larger effect sizes than the median and more than five k. The hypothetical model for the meta-analytic path analysis was established by using these four variables and transformational leadership. A total of 22 hypothetical paths including nine direct effects and 13 indirect effects were set and tested. The meta-analytic path analysis showed that transformational leadership had direct effects on the four variables. Finally, eight direct effects, 12 indirect effects, and six mediating effects were statistically significant, and the hypothetical model was verified. Conclusion: Nursing unit managers can use the transformational leadership to improve empowerment, nursing performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of nurses. This study empirically showed the importance of transformational leadership of nursing managers. This finding will be used as evidence to develop strategies for enhancing transformational leadership, empowerment, nursing performance, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment in nursing science and practice.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.633-639
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• 2008

The genetic relationship of gestation length (GL) with birth and weaning weight (BW, WW) was investigated using data collected from the Hanwoo Experiment Station, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Republic of Korea. Analytical mixed models including birth year‐season, sex of calf, linear and quadratic covariates of age of dam (days) and linear covariate of age at weaning (days) as fixed effects were used. Corresponding restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and Bayesian estimates of variance components and heritability were obtained with two models; Model 1 included only direct genetic effect and Model 2 included direct genetic, maternal genetic and permanent environmental effect. All the genetic parameter estimates from REML were corresponding to the Bayesian estimates. Direct heritability estimates for GL, BW, and WW were 0.48, 0.33 and 0.25 by Model 1. From Model 2, direct and maternal heritability estimates were 0.38 and 0.03 for GL, 0.14 and 0.05 for BW, and 0.08 and 0.05 for WW. Genetic correlation estimates between direct and maternal effects were 0.05 for GL, 0.59 for BW, and 0.52 for WW. Estimates of direct genetic correlation between GL and BW (WW) were 0.44 (0.21). Positive genetic correlation of GL with BW and WW imply that selection for greater BW or WW would lead to prolonged gestation length.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.547-559
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mothers' self-efficacy, parenting behaviors, and children's achievement motivation on children's self-efficacy. Subjects were 591 fifth- and sixth-graders and their mothers in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation, Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis. Several major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Any difference was not found by sex in children's general and total self-efficacy. Girls' social efficacy, however, was higher than boys'. 2) Achievement motivation had a direct positive effect and was the first positive contribution factor to the self-efficacy of both sexes. 3) On boys' self-efficacy, mothers' own had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their parental role efficacy had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through their affective parenting behaviors and the boys' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their controlling parenting had a direct negative effect. 4) On girls' self-efficacy, mothers' own had a direct positive effect, and their parental role efficacy had an indirect positive effect through their affective and controlling parenting behaviors and the girls' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through achievement motivation, and the controlling parenting had a negative effect, direct or indirect.