• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.478-483
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• 1998

For the enhanced production of a cardiac glycoside, digoxin, using in situ adsorption by biotransformation from digitoxin in plant cell suspension cultures, selection of proper resins was attempted and the culture conditions were optimized. Among various kinds of resins tested, Amberlite XAD-8 was found to be the best for digoxin production in considering adsorption characteristics as well as the effect on cell growth. Adequate time for resin addition was determined to be 36 h from the beginning of biotransformation and the presence of resins should be as short as possible to increase the productivity. In addition, to prevent the cells from direct contact with resin particles, immobilized systems were designed and examined. Immobilization further improved the advantages of in situ adsorption. It was confirmed that the increase of the contact area for mass transfer was an important factor in utilizing an immobilized system to enhance digoxin production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 1994

A yeast strain, BT001, which can directly ferment D-xylose to ethanol was isolated from forest soils, and then identified as Candida sp. Cultural conditions for the optimum ethanol production, along with the effects of aeration on cell growth and ethanol production were investigated. Aeration stimulated the cell growth and the volumetric rate of ethanol production, but decreased the ethanol yield. Optimum temperature and initial pH for the ethanol production were $33{\circ}^C$ and 6.0, respectively. In a shake flask culture, this strain produced 52.3 g ethanol per liter from 12%(w/v) D-xylose after incubation for 96 hours. Ethanol yield was 0.436 g per g D-xylose consumed. This corresponds to 85.8% of theoretical yield. Also, this yeast strain produced ethanol from D-galactose, D-glucose and D-mannose, but not from L-arabinose and L-rhamnose. Among these sugars, D-glucose was the fastest in being converted to ethanol sugars.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.392-395
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• 2008

In an attempt to delineate the direct effect of arsenite-induced endothelial dysfunction on nitric oxide (NO) production, confluent bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were incubated with arsenite, and endothelial NO synthase expression and NO production were measured. Exposure of arsenite decreased NO production for up to 24h. This decrease was accompanied by decreases in cAMP, protein kinase A (PKA) activity, and furthermore, significant reduction of pCREB. In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate that exposure of arsenite decreases NO production by a reduction of pCREB and PKA activity that may be mediated by cAMP, leading to endothelial dysfunction.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2013

We estimated phenotypic selection on the height and number of flowering-stalks in a rosette annual Cardamine hirsuta by applying path analysis to the data collected at three natural populations located in central Japan. The path from rosette size was positively connected with the fruit production through the both height and number of flowering-stalks. In the all three populations, the paths from the number of stalks were more strongly connected with the fruit production than from the height of stalks. The paths from the rosette size showed similar magnitude with the number of stalks and the height of stalks. The direct path from rosette size to the fruit production was detected only at one site. These results suggest stronger phenotypic selection on the rosette size through the number of stalks than the height of stalks. The lateral branching rather than increment of individual inflorescence size is the major response to control the fruit production for C. hirsuta growing in a natural habitat.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권12호
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• pp.2109-2115
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• 2007

The wind generators have been installed with high output power to increase the energy production and efficiency. Hence, Optimal design of the direct-driven PM wind generator, coupled with F.E.M(Finite Element Method) and Genetic Algorithm(GA), has been performed to maximize the Annual Energy Production(AEP) over the whole wind speed characterized by the statistical model of wind speed distribution. Particularly, the parallel computing via internet web service has been applied to loose excessive computing times for optimization. The results of the optimal design of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator(SPMSG) are compared with each other candidates to verify the usefulness of the maximizing AEP model.

• 복식
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.75-85
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to provide for the basic data useful to the high quality knitwear production. For this purpose, knit promotions that product knitwear for 20 age ∼ 30 middle age women were sampled to survey the fabric planning and production·quality management of knitwear, and their directors were surveyed through direct interviews. Data is processed by a computer(SPSS) and analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean. The results of this study are as fellows. 1. Most of the sample companies were getting smaller or pettier in terms of capital, number of employees. 2. Knit promotions were universally using acrid and wool as knit fabric. 3. Knitwear tended to be producted much in knit promotions. 4. It is needed to use high quality fabric and perform careful sewing for knitwear quality rising.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.196-196
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• 1998

Nitric oxide is involved in various physiological processes. Among isoforms of nitric oxide synthase, iNOS is partly responsible for inflammation and septic shock. During our continual search for anti-inflammatory flavonoids, we have found that flavonoids, especially flavones, possessed the inihibitory activity of NO production by iNOS from LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cell. In this study, flavonoids from Scutellaria radix were investigated for their inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production. It was found that wogonin, among tested flavonoids including baicalein, oroxylin A, skullcapflavone II, showed the strongest inhibition of nitric oxide production (IC$\sub$50/ = 17 uM). And this inhibition was, at least partly, due to down-regulation of iNOS enzyme induction, not due to direct inhibition of iNOS enzyme activity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.682-690
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to develop a standardized recipe for the large-scale production of Salbob and Ogokbob. The recipe was standardized as follows: we collected and recorded the amount of ingredients and production procedures currently being used by cooks in the contracted foodservice management company and hotel-based Korean restaurants. According to the food preferences of Koreans, we selected 2 kinds of rice; Salbob and Ogokbob. We developed a revised recipe and an evaluation form. We conducted a sensory evaluation with 30 panels, using a JAR (just-about-right) scale. We developed a standardized recipe for both kinds of rice. Yield, portion size, temperature, preparation time, equipment, cost, ingredients, weight of ingredients, method, and critical point were all components accounted for in the developed recipe. The factor method and the percentage method were proposed techniques for adjusting the recipe, and a direct measurement table for Salbob and Ogokbob was also devised.

• 만화애니메이션 연구
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• 통권49호
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• pp.53-85
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• 2017

본 연구는 애니메이션 시장의 새로운 윈도우를 활성화시키기 위해 DC 코믹스(DC Comics)의 슈퍼히어로 만화를 원작으로 하는 워너 브러더스(Warner Bros)사의 슈퍼히어로 애니메이션 제작 시스템을 분석했다. 이는 국내의 미디어 환경에서 DVD용으로 제작되는 과정을 적용할 수 있는 윈도우로 IPTV를 고려할 수 있게 되었기 때문이다. 각 작품의 엔딩 크레딧을 분석하는 일종의 텍스트 분석으로서 제작 관여 인력의 역할과 인원을 분석 대상으로 했다. 총 애니메이션 28편을 분석한 결과 다음과 같이 나타났다. 제작 시스템에서 나타나는 특징은 첫째 제작자 혹은 감독의 역할을 복수에 걸쳐 하는 인물들이 있다는 점이고, 둘째 개인이 아닌 복수의 인물에 의한 집단 제작 시스템을 활용한다는 점이며, 셋째 감독과 제작자의 역할을 모두 담당하는 인물 활용이라는 점이다. 외주 시스템에서 나타나는 특징으로는 첫째 한국과 일본의 기업만이 외주에 참여하고 있고, 둘째 한 해에 제작되는 작품을 한 기업이 모두 전담하기보다는 2개 정도의 기업에 분산되고 있으며, 셋째 편당 참여인력 면에서는 일본의 인력이 한국의 인력보다 많다는 점이다. 넷째, <배트맨: 고담 나이트> (Batman: Gotham Knight)는 완성형 제작방식에 조금 더 근접했고, 다섯째 일본 기업이 한국 기업에게 업무를 주는 재하청의 모습도 나타나고 있으며, 여섯째 한국 업체의 투입인력의 역할은 주요 집중 업무가 key 제작으로 변화가 조금 있다. 한국 애니메이션 제작 시스템에 대한 적용하기 위한 핵심도 제작 시스템 운영방식과 외주 제작 시스템이라는 특성에 따라 제시할 수 있다. 제작 시스템 운영 부분에서는 첫째 제작 시스템의 집단화에 대한 고려가 필요하다는 점이고, 둘째 유니버스형 스토리텔링 개발이 필요하다는 점이다. 외주 시스템 부분에서는 첫째 2D 애니메이션 분야에 대한 교육을 지속해야 한다는 점과, 둘째 글로벌 외주 사업에 대한 적극적 참여라는 점이다. 이러한 적용을 통해 제작자의 역할을 강화하고 제작 경험을 축적하면서 IPTV와 같은 다른 윈도우를 이용할 수 있는 애니메이션의 지속적 제작을 유도할 수 있을 것으로 본다. 이러한 캐릭터 중심의 세계관에 대한 연구가 후속 연구로서 두 가지 차원에서 제시될 필요가 있다. 하나는 세계관의 구축으로 가능한 기존의 이야기 자원에 대한 개발에 관한 것이다. 기존의 역사 속에서 세계관 구축이 가능한 캐릭터를 개발하는 것은 고대 게르만족의 신화인 토르가 그 예라고 할 수 있다. 다른 하나는 세계관 구축을 전제로 하는 작품의 개발에 대한 것이다. 현재 영화 등에서 자주 활용되고 웹툰의 캐릭터를 세계관 구축이 가능한 형태로 확장시키는 것은 스토리 기반 콘텐츠들 간의 연계를 강화하는 동시에 애니메이션 작품의 양산을 유도할 수 있다는 장점이 있으므로 이에 대한 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국레이저가공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2011

As an active emission display using emissive polymer has had much attention recently, needs for a selective patterning of emissive layer for those displays have been increased abruptly. Therefore, the various laser sources in terms of its wavelength has been used for laser direct patterning. In this work, the feasibility of those processes is examined using numerical analysis and the experimental investigation. A sample has multi-layered structure, emissive polymer on aluminum which is deposited on a glass substrate. Key factors for optimizing the laser patterning of the emissive polymer are considered into the control of ablation products, large-sized particle, and the choice of the appropriate wavelength for minimizing the heat affected zone and the remnant layer.