• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 게임과 3D 모델링에 많이 이용되는 라이브러리, MS사의 Direct3D를 파이썬(Python)에서 사용할 수 있도록 하는 인터페이스 구현 기술에 대하여 논한다. 현재 주로 MS에서 출시되는 언어군에서만 DirectX를 사용할 수 있지만, 본 논문에서 제시한 방법을 이용하면 파이썬 뿐 아니라 다양한 언어에 DirectX라이브러리를 인터페이스를 제작할 수 있고, 다양한 언어를 쓰는 사용자들에 의해 이 라이브러리의 활용폭을 넓힐 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 인터페이스 모듈 작성 기법을 설명하고 파이썬을 이용했을 때의 장점과 단점들을 설명한다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2020

Purpose - This study was carried out to analyze the influential factors of how consumers methodize purchasing agricultural products via direct market. It further utilizes the Discrete Choice Model to analyze consumer decision specifically with regards to individual markets and store attributes. Research design and methodology - This study will use the multinomial logit model to interpret the influential factors behind selecting a specific market to purchase from. This study establishes 'online direct-purchase' as the base category with 'direct farm markets', 'local foods direct markets', 'produce boxes (CSA)' as substitutes. Results - Firstly, the variety of products, price and freshness had a positive influence on choosing 'direct farm markets' while convenience of payment and transportation had a negative influence. Second, freshness and store attributes had a positive influence on choosing 'local foods direct markets' but product price and packaging, location accessibility had a negative influence. And although product creditability had a positive influence on purchasing 'produce boxes (CSA)', product price had a negative influence. Conclusions - Accordingly, there is a need for the South Korean government to encourage the adoption of mobile payment through smartphone applications in direct farm markets to vitalize direct agricultural purchasing. However, this does need to be approached cautiously as price has a conflicting affect for each method of purchase.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제10권11호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2019

Purpose: Global economic integration has provided good opportunities and conditions for the development of foreign direct investment in Finances. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore what determines foreign direct investment in Finances of Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Research design, data and methodology: This paper employs the panel data over the period 2005-2017 and uses the random effect model to estimate this proposition. Results: The results indicate that the foreign direct investment in services, growth rate of GDP, interest rate and saving are positively related with foreign direct investment in finances. Conversely, the growth rate of wage and fluctuation rate of exchange rate are negatively related with foreign direct investment in finances. Moreover, the results verify that the effect of these variables on foreign direct investment in finances is different before and after 2008 (global economic crisis). In addition, the results also manifest that the regional effect exists. Namely, the effect of these variables on foreign direct investment in finances between G7 countries and G20 countries exist significant difference. Conclusions: Those variables used in this paper are related with foreign direct investment in Finances of (OECD) countries.

• 농촌계획
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.40-55
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• 1998

The objectives of this study are to 1)research the importance of direct trade of agricultural products between farmers and consummers, 2)invest the trade process of agricultural products, 3)survey the patterns of direct trade of agricultural products, 4)find out the situations of direct trade of agricultural products, 5)suggest the directions to improve the direct trade of agricultural products. The data were collected from Taegu city, Taechun city and Kyungsang poop do for this study. The major findings of this study to improve the direct trade of agricultural products between urban and rural are as follows; First, it is very important that producers and consummers have common sense to the direct trade between urban and rural. Second, local government related the trade of agricultural products should positively take parts in the direct trade of agricltural products between producers and consummers in administration and finance. Thirth, non-profit organizations above other organizations in urban and rural must lead the direct trade of agricultural products between urban and rural. Fourth, the markets for direct trade of agricultural products are to be opened according to basing on consummers'needs to agricultural products. Fifth, the engaged farmings between producers and consummers are to be more positive by significant relationship( promised brothers and sisters) between rural and urban. Sixth, people who moved to urban from rural should be finked out in each community(in rural), they can buy the agricultural products in the community that they were born. Seventh, The communities in rural must produce the specific agricultural products in each community.

• 현장농수산연구지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.30-47
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• 2001

This research was performed to develope a stable direct seeding method in rice cultivation using by a direct seeder with soil application. A principle of this methodology was introduced from seeding nursery system of machine transplanting enable to increase high seeding establishment direct seeding method with soil application was high of 89-95% while that of water seeding was 68%. During seeding growth plant height was ralatively small but seeding health was high. A total soil consumption of this methodology was 145kg/10a in dirll seeding and 26kg/10a in hill seeding respectively, there was 100% erected in direct seeding with soil application while water seeding was 45% in erected seeding stand. In direct seeding method with soil application total carbohydrate content was higher than that of water seeding. This machine was manufactured to attach and/or detach to a machine transplanter with riding type and machine cultivator with multipurpose. In the farmer's demonstrated rice field this method was well performed like machine transplanting in terms of rice growth and development. There was highly cost reduction for rice production like other direct seeding methods.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2009

DirectX를 사용하는 윈도우 게임 및 콘솔 게임은 전 세계 게임 시장의 20% 이상을 차지하고 있으며, 전 세계 시장의 75% 이상이 C++로 개발되고 있다. 본 연구는 DirectX와 C++ 기반으로 개발된 20개 프로젝트 코드의 공통성과 가변성을 분석하여 패턴화하고, 이를 공통 모듈화 하였으며, 이 모듈을 모형화 하였다. 사례 연구를 통해, 제안한 기법을 사용하여 DirectX와 C++ 기반으로 개발된 소프트웨어 코드의 생산성이 60% 이상 개선됨을 입증하였다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.593-603
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• 2016

This paper presents the development of linear quadratic regulation and output tracking algorithms using output feedback when both the measurement and performance output equations contain direct feedthrough terms. Although all physical systems can be modeled without direct feedthrough, there are still many situations where system models with direct feedthrough are important. For this situation, we modify previous work on the same topic for systems without direct feedthrough. It is shown that for the regulation problem, the optimal output feedback gain for a direct feedthrough case can be directly obtained, via a transformation, from the approach used for systems without direct feedthrough. However, for the tracking problem, a new set of coupled matrix equations for determining the optimal output feedback gain is derived from the necessary conditions for minimizing the cost function. The effectiveness of the developed algorithms is demonstrated using numerical examples.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.221-229
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• 2005

In this paper we consider the decompositions of subdirect sums and direct sums in bounded BCK-algebras. The main results are as follows. Given a bounded BCK-algebra X, if X can be decomposed as the subdirect sum $\bar{\bigoplus}_{i{\in}I}A_i$ of a nonzero ideal family $\{A_i\;{\mid}\;i{\in}I\}$ of X, then I is finite, every $A_i$ is bounded, and X is embeddable in the direct sum $\bar{\bigoplus}_{i{\in}I}A_i$ ; if X is with condition (S), then it can be decomposed as the subdirect sum $\bar{\bigoplus}_{i{\in}I}A_i$ if and only if it can be decomposed as the direct sum $\bar{\bigoplus}_{i{\in}I}A_i$ ; if X can be decomposed as the direct sum $\bar{\bigoplus}_{i{\in}I}A_i$, then it is isomorphic to the direct product $\prod_{i{\in}I}A_i$.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 2002년도 정기총회 및 학술대회
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• pp.9-14
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• 2002

Direct-conversion receiver(DCR) architecture has superior advantages in size, cost, and power over superheterodyne receiver architectures. However, the use of direct-conversion receiver architecture has been limited due to the direct-current offset noise. The ac coupling, which is used to overcome the direct-current offset noise, causes an inter-symbol interference(ISI), whose effects can be effectively mitigated using an equalizer. In this paper, the performance of a direct-conversion receiver with ac coupling in the presence of direct-current offset is analyzed via computer simulation. The simulation result shows that by using decision feedback equalizer with LMS(Least Mean Square) algorithm, signal-to-noise ratio loss of the direct-conversion receiver compared to the idea receiver can be reduced to less than 1㏈ for corner frequencies as large as 10% of the symbol rate.

• 한국게임학회 논문지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.68-72
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• 2001

DirectX Graphics plays the role of hardware independent 3 dimensional drawing interface for 3 dimensional video display. However the APIs in DirectX Graphics provide not only small improvement in velocity in the lowest level but also unstable performance of velocity according to their usages. In this paper, we present the structure of 3D game engine of efficient performance and describe functions and implementational features of game engines for an efficient 3D rendering in the environment of DirecX Graphics.