• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.388-394
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE. To measure axial displacement of different implant-abutment connection types and materials during screw tightening at the recommended torque by using a contact scanner for two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) analyses. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Twenty models of missing mandibular left second premolars were 3D-printed and implant fixtures were placed at the same position by using a surgical guide. External and internal fixtures were used. Three implant-abutment internal connection (INT) types and one implant-abutment external connection (EXT) type were prepared. Two of the INT types used titanium abutment and zirconia abutment; the other INT type was a customized abutment, fabricated by using a computer-controlled milling machine. The EXT type used titanium abutment. Screws were tightened at $10N{\cdot}cm$, simulating hand tightening, and then at the manufacturers' recommended torque ($30N{\cdot}cm$) 10 min later. Abutments and adjacent teeth were subsequently scanned with a contact scanner for 2D and 3D analyses using a 3D inspection software. RESULTS. Significant differences were observed in axial displacement according to the type of implant-abutment connection (P<.001). Vertical displacement of abutments was greater than overall displacement, and significant differences in vertical and overall displacement were observed among the four connection types (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Displacement according to connection type and material should be considered in choosing an implant abutment. When adjusting a prosthesis, tightening the screw at the manufacturers' recommended torque is advisable, rather than the level of hand tightening.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2005.05a
• /
• pp.273-279
• /
• 2005

It is activated a virtual university(digital university) without limitation time and space that the diffusion of internet, the rapid development of information and communicative technologies, web-technology. It is great importance of school-site to support various and qualitative education services, to cut social education spending, to strengthen national competitiveness with breed expert. Many people who are in universities are putting a school-site to the test. So we need study and analysis it to build up a virtual-study-space efficiently on web. This thesis is supposed to help in school-site design to make it reduce errors and save time and efforts. First, it suggests most general design pattern by analysis visual elements using HTML Tag. Second, it suggests a guide-line and a specific of design to use convenience through research on web-design problem and finding out user's favor.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.281-290
• /
• 2006

Map uses graphic language of dot, line and area to represent surface of the earth. Map has been adopted as tools for regional and cartography learning to improve graphicacy in geography education. Due to the rapid development in GIS and internet, practical use of maps has been extended in various study area. This Study is to develope web-based leaning materials for self-controled geography instruction. As learning materials for this aim, it has been constructed WebGIS for topography and thematic maps with boundary map of Chungbuk, digital map of Jochiwon(1:25,000), statistic data and field images. Function of WebGIS intend to improve skills on geo-information collection and spatial query, regional difference of spatial distribution. Individual learning using internet can make an improvement of learner centeredness and problem-solving. Finally, it will be expected to be suggest one of the education guide as blueprint in info-society.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.06a
• /
• pp.127-143
• /
• 2007

As the informationized society develops, for companies to be industrially competitive in global competition, innovation of business administration through informationization is a nation-wide task that must be driven. Small-to-mid size companies also tend to recognize the need for informationization and build the information systems, improving their informationization levels. To reduce errors in bringing in and running the information systems and increase efficiency In using them, the need for the standard and guide for informationization in small-to-mid size companies has increased. Accordingly, the national office of small and medium business administration has developed the informationized management system (IMS) certification standard in order to provide a national motive to secure the means for management innovation of small-to-mid size companies and have them recognize informationization as a business strategy. Now, there arises the need for the IMS certification standard, which was developed in early 2000, due to changes in environments of small-and-medium businesses and problems that have been revealed in field applications. In this research, we have examined the current situations of informationization in small-and-medium businesses that were revealed by the 2005 survey on the levels of informationization in small and medium business, have drawn the problems that have occurred in the process of applying the IMS in many small-to-mid size companies, have devised the measures against those problems, and have proposed a new IMS certification standard that reflects those measures. This research has proposed only the direction for development of the IMS certification standard. Future researches should deal with detailed items and criteria for evaluation and continuous improvement of them.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2008

In the past, strong social bands, which had spontaneous communities, existed in Korean traditional society. However, while it's developing through industrialization; monolithic apartment houses were introduced which causes less interaction between neighbors. With the growing attention to the higher living quality, various schemes to revitalize the community spirits have been groped, including to improve in hardhearted neighborhood relationships and to cope with the dreariness in the city. With the development of the internet and the spread of 'digital home', the communities in cyber space have been especially revitalized since the information-oriented society. In a move to strengthen the communities in apartment complexes, this study tries to find the revitalization scheme for virtual communities in apartment complexes by analyzing the contents of its web sites and understanding the world of virtual community. These are compared and analyzed. The related virtual communities ("cafe" or "blogs") are also analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) There are some differences among the contents provided by apartment virtual community developing companies, still, it could be categorized into four types; "apartment complex introduction and management information" "community revitalization" "living guide" "individual services" 2) The contents provided by self-organized communities of residents neither require additional charge nor special membership for information while the formation is not systematized. 3) In the comparison of apartment virtual community developing companies with residents self-organized communities, "apartment complex introduction and management information" on freeboard, notice, request and Q&A, and "community revitalization" on communication board are both provided throughout the web sites. 4) The contents provided by apartment virtual community developing companies makes the information available in a wide range with managers, on the other hand, self-organized communities emphasize on showing attachment and concern of residents and requiring communications between neighborhoods.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2012

PURPOSE. Articulation paper mark size is widely accepted as an indicator of forceful tooth contacts. However, mark size is indicative of contact location and surface area only, and does not quantify occlusal force. The purpose of this study is to determine if a relationship exists between the size of paper marks and the percentage of force applied to the same tooth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty dentate female subjects intercuspated into articulation paper strips to mark occlusal contacts on their maxillary posterior teeth, followed by taking photographs. Then each subject made a multi-bite digital occlusal force percentage recording. The surface area of the largest and darkest articulation paper mark (n = 240 marks) in each quadrant (n = 60 quadrants) was calculated in photographic pixels, and compared with the force percentage present on the same tooth. RESULTS. Regression analysis shows a bi-variant fit of force % on tooth (P<.05). The correlation coefficient between the mark area and the percentage of force indicated a low positive correlation. The coefficient of determination showed a low causative relationship between mark area and force ($r^2$ = 0.067). The largest paper mark in each quadrant was matched with the most forceful tooth in that same quadrant only 38.3% of time. Only 6 2/3% of mark surface area could be explained by applied occlusal force, while most of the mark area results from other factors unrelated to the applied occlusal force. CONCLUSION. The findings of this study indicate that size of articulation paper mark is an unreliable indicator of applied occlusal force, to guide treatment occlusal adjustments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.37 no.7C
• /
• pp.627-636
• /
• 2012

Recently, XML is used to describe details of service and contents for various fields such as IPTV and digital broadcast services because of it's high readability and extensibility. TV-Anytime's schema and delivery protocol have been especially adopted as basic standards for them, and extended to include their own private functions. However, XML describes documents using text-based method, and this causes to create big documents rather than traditional methods. Therefore, many encoding algorithms have been proposed to reduce XML documents like EXI, BiM, GZIP and fast-info set etc. Although these algorithms shows efficient compression effects for XML documents, but they can't avoid fragmentation degradation during encapsulation steep. This paper proposes an efficient encapsulation scheme of TV-Anytime to avoid fragmentation degradation of encoding effect using common string tables.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.139-144
• /
• 2009

As it got through the step of super-high speed internet, mobile and digital convergence, the Ubiquitous Society is being attained gradually. Now, it is being variously spread not only the little ordinaries of communication but also fields of economy and industry. Specially, RFID and Navigation system are being used at home and foreign. These are prospected to give assistances that it brings along the competitive power of nation. But inflection range of RFID and Navigation is localized in the most simplest. This paper proposes system to reflect the individual and special quality using RFID and Navigation and to fit easily changing environment. And we studied to use what kind of information in the special environment. We used Fuzzy Logic and TSP for making the intelligence path searching and guiding system with more information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2013.10a
• /
• pp.560-562
• /
• 2013

Due to the popularity of smart phones, interest in individual lifestyle changes and customized services has been increasing. With these request of change, there are seeking the changes of individual customized service system in public institution, museum, science museum etc. Specially museum, art museum and science museum have the common factor like "watching". Unlike art museum, museum and science museum have the purpose of the history and science education, and have a high expectations of combining entertainment and education as a public institution. For this purpose, they need to raise the immersion of display contents, and run parallel with providing more convincing explanation based on age group. Thus the purpose of this paper is that study the way of combining with efficient entertainment and educational function using argument reality.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.385-396
• /
• 2018

This research supports the idea that manipulative devices can be an effective modality tool for learning abstract concepts involved with identifying geometric shapes and enhance learners' problem solving and motivation. Until recently specified manipulative device has been adapted only in traditional classroom environment and it has been very rare to find devices that is designed for online-basis. This study focused on designing and implementing an educational software which guide learners with geoboard in identification and characteristics of polygons. In addition to the function to draw and to delete various shapes, this software helps learners immediately assess the outcome. The results of the Delphi Technique show promising evidence for it being a very efficient means to learn geometric shapes and increase learners' motivation to learn the subject matter.