• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.503-512
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• 2017

Over the past few years, as maritime trade and traffic were highly expanding, problem of invasive species via ballast water have been raised. In 1988, Canada and Australia had firstly experience that unexpected and hazardous species were observed on their own sea, they have issued the problem to MEPC under the IMO. At the end of many years of discussion, on the diplomatic conference in 13 Feb. 2004, "International Convention for the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediments of the Ship" was adopted. Requirements for entering into force of this Convention is that 30 countries ratify and world merchant marine fleet is more than 35% and BWM Convention will be effected after 12months from date satisfying conditions. With Finland ratifying the BWM Convention on 8 Sep. 2016, the fleet amounted to 35.1441% and ratification country became 52 countries. Therefore, after 12month, BWM Convention will be formally effected on 8 Sep. 2017. Ballast Water Treatment System is to be fitted in new ships as well as existing ships. Thus, there are concerns of ship owners to be suitably installed a variety typed BWTS in many kinds of vessels. As approaching for resolving these problems, engineering analysis was carried out research studies and detailed design to analyze to optimal installation space for retrofitting a BWTS using 3D Scanning method, targeting representative DWT 180K Bulk carrier of dry cargo vessels charged more 40% on worldwide vessel and mainly two type BWTS as electrolysis treatment type and ultra violet treatment type. Optimal design of 3D Scanning technology was applied to analyze four step process and the overall conclusion was described in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.168-172
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• 2005

An autopilot system of a ship is very important for a safe and convenient navigation, which is realized with getting an azimuth data from a gyrocompass, a magnetic compass and a GPS(Global Positioning System) compass. Magnetic compass an azimuth error is generated by a vessel magnetism material such as steels. The magnetic pole is detected by the magnetic field sensor, it does not coincide with the true north, therefore, the detected azimuth data can not but accompany error. In this paper, in order to detect the minimum change of azimuth data which generates errors of azimuth information, a search algorithm using the Kalman Filtering method is utilized. The digital electronic compass is designed with the integration algorithm using the merits of an earth's magnetic field sensor and a GPS receiver.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2010

Purpose: In the finger, there are three major palmar arches in the arterial system. The location of this arches are constant. The middle and distal transverse arches are consistently large (almost 1 mm) and may be used for arterial vessel repairs either proximally or distally, depending on the length and direction needed. This paper describes our experiences in reconstruction and replantation of the finger using rerouting the transverse digital palmar arch. Methods: 31 patients with injuries according to our classification were treated from March of 2005 to October of 2008. In this study the authors subdivided injuries into those with amputation distal to the insertion of the flexor digitorum profundus (Class I, 31 fingers); those with amputation distal to the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis (Class II, 4 fingers). Replantation was performed using the artery-only technique with neither vein nor nerve repair. Because the artery has been damaged, it is still possible to make a direct suture by transposing the arterial arch in an inverted Y to I arterial configuration or converting the arch. Venous drainage was provided by an external bleeding method with partial nail excision, medical leech, and repaired margin. Results: The success rate was 87% (n=27) in class I and 75% (n=4) in class II. The authors conclude that crushing and complete avulsion injuries & amputations are salvageable, with acceptable functional results in select patients, especially those with amputation distal to the insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis. Conclusion: We performed replantation and reconstruction with only-arterial transposing anastomosis successfully, resulting in good recovery of aesthetic and functional outcome. Three major digital palmar arches, especially distal two branches, give us additional treatment options. In the finger replantation and reconstructive techniques using rerouting healthy the transverse digital palmar arch increase the survival rate of the finger.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1921-1927
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• 2009

In this paper, a point-to-multipoint wireless communication system based on Bluetooth specifications, which is possibly applied to very large vessels, is implemented and analyzed. Here, a communication network is composed of a slave Bluetooth module connected to the task computer and multiple master Bluetooth modules equipped with a sensor. And exploiting the point-to-multipoint data communication among the Bluetooth modules, a surveillance system that recognizes and controls a variety of emergency situations happened on a large vessel is implemented. It is, therefore, considered that the wireless communication system implemented in this paper is possibly exploited a basic technology for the digital shipbuilding of the next generation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.271-276
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• 2015

Baicalin is a flavonoid derived from the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis. In this study, oxygen-induced retinopathy was used to characterize the anti-angiogenic properties of baicalin in mice. Pups were exposed to a hyperbaric oxygen environment to induce retinal angiogenesis and were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of baicalin. Avascular area, neovascular tufts, and neovascular lumens were quantified from digital images. Compared to the vehicle, baicalin clearly reduced the central avascular zone and the number of neovascular tufts and lumens. High-dose baicalin (10 mg/kg) significantly reduced the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, angiotensin II, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). These results show that baicalin is a powerful antiangiogenic compound that attenuates new vessel formation in the retina after systemic administration, and is a candidate substance for therapeutic inhibition of retinal angiogenesis. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(5): 271-276]

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-39
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• 2016

This paper provides theoretical and experimental results to verify the crashworthiness of FH32 high-strength steel for arctic marine structures against ice impact. Assuming that side-shell structures of the Korean arctic research vessel, ARAON, with ice-notation PL10, collide with sheet ice, one-third-scale test specimens with a single transverse frame are manufactured. Impact-bending tests were conducted using a rigid steel striker that mimics sheet ice. Drop height was calculated by considering the speed at which sheet ice is rammed. Prior to impact-bending tests, tensile coupon tests were conducted at various temperatures. The impact-bending tests were carried out using test specimens fully fixed to the inside bottom frame of a cold chamber. The drop-weight velocity and test specimen deformation speed were measured using a high-speed camera and digital image correlation analysis (DICA). Numerical simulations were carried out under the same conditions as the impact-bending tests. The simulation results were in agreement with the test results, and strain rate was a key factor for the accuracy of numerical simulations.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.106-109
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• 2004

In-situ observational works had been done for the investigation of Cochlodinium polykrikoides cell distributions and abundances off the coast of Busan, Jinhae Bay, and Namhae to Tongyong area in the early June, 2004. The surface water of 11 was concentrated by passing through ${\Phi}$ 10 $\mu\textrm{m}$ mesh and cellular morphological characteristics of the species in the sample was observed under light microscope equipped with digital camera on the vessel. C. polykrikoides cells showed highest cell numbers ranging from 60 to 660 cells/1 at Jinhae Bay. Cell counts at offshore area of Busan ranged from 45 to 330 cells/1. However, no cell was found in the water between Namhae and Tongyong. C. polykrikoides found during the cruise had a large bright red and round cellular materials in one cell and two-celled chain of C. polykrikoides. The red material decreased as C. polykrikoides formed long chains through cell divisions.

• International Journal of Vascular Biomedical Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.24-31
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• 2003

As endothelial cells are subject to flow shear stress, it is important to determine the detailed velocity distribution in microvessels in the study of mechanical interactions between blood and endothelium. This paper describes a velocity field of the arteriole in the rat mesentery using an intravital microscope and high-speed digital video system obtained by a highly accurate PIV technique. Red blood cells (RBCs) velocity distributions with spatial resolutions of $0.8{\times}0.8{\mu}m$ were obtained even near the wall in the center plane of the arteriole. By making ensemble-averaged time-series of velocity distributions, velocity profiles over different cross-sections were calculated for comparison. The shear rate at the vascular wall also evaluated on the basis of the ensemble-averaged profiles. It was shown that the velocity profiles were blunt in the center region of the vessel cross-section while they were steep in the near wall region. The wall shear rates were significantly small, compared with those estimated from the Poiseuille profiles.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.75-106
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• 1993

GMDSS(Global Maritime Distress and Safety system) is a new communication system for the distress and safety at sea which is utilizing the recent advancements in satellite communication and positioning system, digital communication system, computer and microelectronic technology, etc., and will completely substitute the current communication system by 1999. Although the improvements of education for producing qualified Radio Operators as well as the establi-shments of policy for accepting the system are required, the educational institutions and relating administ-rations have not yet prepared the rational and concrete schemes on the educational methods and accepting procedures for the system. In this study, as the result of analyzing the GMDSS, courses of training and relating data, the authors suggested principles for improving the course and contents of education and rational schemes for balan-cing the demand and supply of Radio Operators. The authors expect not only the consequences of this study can be utilized as reference materials for the instruction to ratio communication in the organs of education but also that the following effects can be obtained by the study. 1. Security of distress and safety communication system at sea by the establishment of relating regula-tions. 2. Rationalization of the management of radio communication at sea and improvement of the communi-cation system on the vessel. 3. Upgrading the quality of Radio Operators and presenting schemes for current qualified persons. 4. Activation of industry producing radio instruments. 5. Balance of the demand and supply of Radio Operators and development of shipping industry.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.81-85
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• 2003

For the structure of VMS by converting on digital the position reporting of departure fishery ship in the fishery communication that be required the management ＆ operation of information in organizational. In particular, Must be made the regional ＆ concentrational of the position reporting information. The division of region is considered to the circumstance of radio wave, fishing area, quantity of fishery ship and communication traffic etc., which is capable to the DB of VMS by be concentrated in oeadquarters, which is acquisition the position reporting information of respective region. In this study have designed for building of fishery information network and automatic transmission of the position reporting information from a fishery ship.