• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.110-128
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• 2021

Purpose - The essential purpose of this study is to analyze the possibility of substitution of an individual job resulting from technological development represented by the 4th Industrial Resolution, considering the different effects of digital transformation on the labor market. Design/methodology - In order to estimate the substitution probability, this study used two data sets which the job characteristics data for individual occupations provided by KEIS and the information on occupational status of substitution provided by Frey and Osborne(2013). In total, 665 occupations were considered in this study. Of these, 80 occupations had data with labels of substitution status. The primary goal of estimation was to predict the degree of substitution for 607 of 665 occupations (excluding 58 with markers). It utilized three methods a principal component analysis, an unsupervised learning methodology of machine learning, and Ridge and Lasso from supervised learning methodology. After extracting significant variables based on the three methods, this study carried out logistics regression to estimate the probability of substitution for each occupation. Findings - The probability of substitution for other occupational groups did not significantly vary across individual models, and the rank order of the probabilities across occupational groups were similar across models. The mean of three methods of substitution probability was analyzed to be 45.3%. The highest value was obtained using the PCA method, and the lowest value was derived from the LASSO method. The average substitution probability of the trading industry was 45.1%, very similar to the overall average. Originality/value - This study has a significance in that it estimates the job substitution probability using various machine learning methods. The results of substitution probability estimation were compared by industry sector. In addition, This study attempts to compare between trade business and industry sector.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.355-361
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, we added two kinds of photoinitiators (CQ and TPO) to prepare two kinds of denture base resins (Bis-GMA series and UDMA series) for three-dimensional (3D) printing to compare and analyze their mechanical and biological properties and to find the optimal composition. Methods: Control specimens were made using the mold made of polyvinyl siloxane of the same size. Light curing was performed twice for 20 seconds on both the upper and lower surfaces with LED (light emitting diode) light-curing unit (n=10). Experimental 3D printing dental resins were prepared, to which two photoinitiators were added. Digital light processing type 3D printer (EMBER, Autodesk, CA, USA) was used for 3D printing. The specimen size was 64 mm×10 mm×3.3 mm according to ISO 20795-1. The final specimens were tested for flexural strength and flexural modulus, and MTT test was performed. Furthermore, one-way analysis of variance was performed, and the post-test was analyzed by Duncan's test at α=0.05. Results: The flexural strength of both Bis-GMA+CQ (97.12±6.47 MPa) and UDMA+TPO (97.40±3.75 MPa) was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the experimental group. The flexural modulus in the experimental group of UDMA+TPO (2.56±0.06 GPa) was the highest (p<0.05). MTT test revealed that all the experimental groups showed more than 70% cell activity. Conclusion: The composition of UDMA+TPO showed excellent results in flexural strength, flexural modulus, and biocompatibility.

• 한국노년학
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.835-850
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• 2012

최근 노년층의 인터넷 이용률 및 활용 능력이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구는 질적기술연구 방법을 통하여 노인정보화 현상을 심층적으로 이해하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 노인이 어떠한 맥락에서 인터넷을 이용하며, 그 경험의 모습과 의미는 무엇인가를 살펴보는 것이다. 16명 노인 참여자와의 심층 면담을 분석한 결과, 노년층의 인터넷 활용의 경험과 그 의미는 다음과 같이 네 개의 주제로 도출되었다. (1) 현대사회 "애매한" 연령대 노인의 고민, (2) 아날로그 세대의 디지털 시대 변화 동참, (3) 인터넷 활용이 가져온 삶의 변화, (4) 노년층의 정보화 활용, 그 동전의 양면에 있는 생각. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 노인 정보화 정책을 위한 구체적인 함의를 세 가지 차원에서 살펴보았다. 첫째, 노년층의 정보화 활용이 생산적 활용으로 이어지는 방안에 관하여 논의하였다. 두 번째 및 세 번째 논의는 노인 정보화의 발전방향에 관한 것으로 정보화를 통한 고령자의 건강 증진 및 정보화와 인문학과의 만남을 제안하였다.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.48-55
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze deformation according to post-curing of complete arch artificial teeth for temporary dentures printed with a digital light processing (DLP) printer. Methods: An edentulous model was prepared and an occlusal rim was produced. The edentulous model and occlusal rim were scanned using a model scanner. A complete denture was designed using a dental computer-aided design, and the denture base and artificial tooth were separated. Ten complete arch artificial teeth were printed using a 3D printer (DLP). Complete arch artificial teeth was classified into the following three groups: a group no post-curing (NC), a group with 10 minutes post-curing (10M), and a group with 20 minutes post-curing (20M). Specimens were scanned using a model scanner. The scanned data were overlapped with the reference data. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test (α=0.05). Results: Regarding the overall deviation of complete arch artificial teeth, the NC group showed the lowest mean deviation of 111.13 ㎛ and the 20M group showed the highest mean deviation of 131.03 ㎛. There were statistically significant differences among the three groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The complete arch artificial tooth showed deformation due to post-curing. In addition, the largest shrinkage deformation was observed at 10 minutes of post-curing, whereas the least deformation was observed at 20 minutes.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2021

컴퓨터 활용을 통한 문화도 기존의 문화 형태를 변화시킬 만큼 다양하고 빠르게 변화되고 있다. 앉아서 생활하는 시간이 증가하면서 인간은 요통의 질병에 더 많이 노출 되었으며, 요통은 허리디스크를 중심으로 허리와 관련된 통증을 포함한다. 요통의 대부분은 척추와 몸통을 지지해주는 근육과 인대 이상에 따른 원인이 크다. 이에 허리 요통을 포함한 건강한 허리를 유지하기 위한 효과적인 대책이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 요통을 감소하거나 치료에 도움을 줄 수 있도록 요추 운동효과를 얻을 수 있는 앱 개발을 위한 전반적인 설계를 제시한다. 이를 효과적으로 사용하기 위해서 요추 운동효과를 얻기 위한 방안을 제시하고, 이를 그래픽기반 유도점을 활용하여 효과적인 요통 치료에 도움일 될 수 있는 앱 설계 제시를 목표로 한다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.89-104
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• 2021

Food delivery service combined with IT technology and HMR (Home Meal Replacement) are rapidly growing due to the COVID-19. Recently, the demand for salads along with HMR has increased among office workers in their 20s and 30s who are interested in health and beauty. Freshcode is a food startup with 6 years of experience that started selling salad products through O2O service. Freshcode applied for a patent for a service that collects orders from nearby areas and delivers them on the same day to a designated delivery address 'FCOSPOT' to save shipping costs. In March 2021, in recognition of the growth potential of the regular delivery service, Freshcode received an investment of 6 billion won in Series A. This study may have practical implications to early-stage startups and scale-up stage startups through a longitudinal case study on the growth of a single company. As for the research method, the lean startup methodology and lean canvas were used in the early stage of startup. In particular, the process of the build-measure and learn feedback-loop, which is the core of lean startup methodology, was applied to each major decision-making step. In the scale-up stage after 5 years, the business model canvas was used to schematize the growth as a food online O2O platform to verify continuous innovation. This case study has three main findings. First, the idea of 'FCOSPOT' was successfully implemented through the Lean Startup methodology. Second, Freshcode demonstrated the scalability of the differentiated business model of shared base delivery O2O. Third, a key factor of success was the digital integrated communication operation strategy that maximizes the experience for the created customers.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2021

Background: Proper detection and management of dental plaque are essential for individual oral health. We aimed to evaluate the maturation level of dental plaque using a two-tone disclosing agent and to compare it with the fluorescence of dental plaque on the quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) image to obtain primary data for the development of a new dental plaque scoring system. Methods: Twenty-eight subjects who consented to participate after understanding the purpose of the study were screened. The images of the anterior teeth were obtained using the QLF device. Subsequently, dental plaque was stained with a two-tone disclosing solution and a photograph was obtained with a digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera. The staining scores were assigned as follows: 0 for no staining, 1 for pink staining, and 2 for blue staining. The marked points on the DSLR images were selected for RGB color analysis. The relationship between dental plaque maturation and the red/green (R/G) ratio was evaluated using Spearman's rank correlation. Additionally, different red fluorescence values according to dental plaque accumulation were assessed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Scheffe's post-hoc test to identify statistically significant differences between the groups. Results: A comparison of the intensity of red fluorescence according to the maturation of the two-tone stained dental plaque confirmed that R/G ratio was higher in the QLF images with dental plaque maturation (p<0.001). Correlation analysis between the stained dental plaque and the red fluorescence intensity in the QLF image confirmed an excellent positive correlation (p<0.001). Conclusion: A new plaque scoring system can be developed based on the results of the present study. In addition, these study results may also help in dental plaque management in the clinical setting.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.396-416
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• 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to analyze the trends of government R&D (R&D) projects related to laboratory safety over the past 20 years. Methods: We collected publications from various databases(DBs) with words such as laboratory(ies), lab(s), researcher(s), laboratory worker(s), safety, environment, hazard(s), risk(s), and so on. Selected publications were analyzed by the research funds and the number of projects according to the investment subject and research characteristics. Results: About 93% of the total R&D budget went to government policy projects, not scientific research. Second, from the perspective of 'safety management activities', most of the research is related to management and inspection at the organizational level. Issues that need to be discussed at the national level like policy governance are not included. Third, focusing on the 'safety management cycle', there were few studies related to 'prediction' or 'post-response'. Fourth, when an analysis framework combining the perspectives of 'safety management activities' and 'safety management cycle' is applied, most of the budget is spent on infrastructure such as digital management systems, whereas basic knowledge for prevention and production of evidence was very few. Conclusions: In order to prevent policy planning without policy evaluation, implementation without strategy, and evaluation without evidence, it is necessary to expand investment in empirical research on risks, research on the effectiveness of current application methods, and research on theory development. The government budget for laboratory safety-related projects should be managed separately from the R&D budget for scientific research. Although less than 5% of the budget allocated to scientific research is the total budget, an optical illusion occurs because both the project budget and the scientific research budget are counted as R&D budgets.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the structural complexity of craniofacial trabecular bone in multiple myeloma by fractal analysis of panoramic and lateral skull radiography, and to compare the fractal dimension values of healthy patients (HPs), pre-treatment patients (PTPs), and patients during bisphosphonate treatment (DTPs). Materials and Methods: Pairs of digital panoramic and lateral skull radiographs of 84 PTPs and 72 DTPs were selected. After application of exclusion criteria, 43 panoramic and 84 lateral skull radiographs of PTPs, 56 panoramic and 72 lateral skull radiographs of DTPs, and 99 panoramic radiographs of age- and sex-matched HPs were selected. The fractal dimension values from panoramic radiographs were compared among HPs, PTPs, and DTPs and between anatomical locations within patient groups using analysis of variance with the Tukey test. Fractal dimension values from lateral skull radiographs were compared between PTPs and DTPs using the Student t-test. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between the mandible from panoramic radiographs and the skull from lateral skull radiographs. Intra-examiner agreement was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (α=0.05). Results: The fractal dimension values were not significantly different among HPs, PTPs, and DTPs on panoramic radiographs or between PTPs and DTPs on lateral skull radiographs (P>0.05). The mandibular body presented the highest fractal dimension values (P≤0.05). The fractal dimension values of the mandible and skull in PTPs and DTPs were not correlated. Conclusion: Fractal analysis was not sensitive for distinguishing craniofacial trabecular bone complexity in multiple myeloma patients using panoramic and lateral skull radiography.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.1433-1444
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• 2021

본 연구는 코로나 시대이후로 가속화된 뷰티분야의 4차 산업들과 융합으로 산업에서 요구되는 실무능력을 교육하기 위한 교육과정 개발을 목적으로 진행되었다. 여러 문헌의 탐색적 조사와 전문가의견을 수렴한 결과 뷰티산업은 앞으로 단일 아이템 또는 서비스 제공이 아닌 의료, 바이오, ICT, 인공지능 기술 등이 결합된 개인맞춤형 서비스 제공 산업으로 분야가 확장될 것으로 분석되었다. 분석 내용을 바탕으로 전통적인 뷰티산업에서 요구하는 기본 직무 능력 외에 갖추어야 할 디지털 활용능력을 추가하여 교육과정을 구성하고 과목을 도출하였다. 코로나 이후의 시대는 4차 산업혁명을 기반으로 다양한 산업의 변화를 가져올 것이며 이러한 변화에 대응하여 뷰티산업의 발전과 지속가능성을 위한 인재 개발을 위해 대학에서는 산업의 변화에 항상 주목해야 할 것이다.