• 셀메드
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.5.1-5.9
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• 2019

The therapeutic use of the wormwood plant Artemisia absinthium L. dates back to at least Roman times. There are more than 200 plants in the genus Artemisia- including southern wormwood, petite wormwood and Grande wormwood and encompasses about 500 species. The best-known species of wormwood is Artemisia absinthium, native to temperate Eurasia and North Africa and is branded for its extreme bitterness. It is a magical greens booze used as carminative to support healthy appetite, balances healthy flora, cleanse the digestive tract of parasite and toxins. It possesses anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, anti-helminthic and anti-depressant activity. Thujone excites nervous system when taken in small amount. Due to contrary history of wormwood, its application in individuals should be preceded by a thorough and cautious risk-benefit analysis. In this appraisal an attempt is done to validate scientifically, mentioned therapeutic potential of Artemisia absinthium in classical Unani literature using PubMed, Science Direct researches.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2020

Although being one of the major causes of malignancy related death globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not received much attention in respect of novel drug development. Fortunately, several new drugs were found to be effective and tolerable in patients with advanced HCC from a number of phase 3 studies during the recent several years. Novel multi-targeted kinase inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors were approved for clinical use, and combination strategies to maximize the potent of drugs demonstrated promising antitumor activity and safety with high response rate and improved safety profile. The increased number of available agents for HCC will contribute to change of treatment strategies and prognosis of patients with advanced HCC. Still, there is a many critical questions remain unanswered. Currently ongoing trials and future studies will provide better understanding of tumor biology and optimized criteria for patient selection and combination therapies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.497-505
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• 2000

Thirty piglets weaned at 24.5 d of age ($6.9{\pm}0.5kg$) randomly alloted to 3 treatments were used to investigate the effect of dietary tallow on average performance, digestibility of nutrients, metabolic utilization of energy and body composition at 25 kg. Weaned piglets respond to increasing levels of dietary tallow from 0 to 4% and 8% by digestive and metabolic adaptation. Apparent fecal digestibility of fat (AFDf) was highly correlated with the level of dietary tallow (X as % of fat extracted after HCl hydrolysis) by the following curvilinear equation of regression: $AFDf=33.8+6.9X-0.3X^2$. Feed intake expressed as DE was only significantly increased at the higher inclusion level of tallow. But neither average daily gain, nor feed conversion was affected by the addition of fat. On the other hand, body composition at 25 kg was equally affected, by both levels of supplementary fat; dry matter and energy content in the body were significantly higher (p<0.01) in piglets receiving tallow. As a consequence, the energy cost of the live weight gain was also increased from 23 to 24.7 MJ DE/kg (p<0.02) and the efficiency of energy deposition was decreased from 3.2 to 2.8 MJ DE/MJ deposited energy (p<0.01) in the presence of dietary tallow. An increase in the level of fat stimulated the activity of pancreatic lipase up to a constant value of $22{\pm}1.4IU/mg$ protein but conversely depressed the activity of amylase from 300 to 100 IU/mg of protein. The activity of liver acetyl CoA carboxylase and malic enzyme in the perirenal fat were low lind not affected by dietary fat; the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase was high. Opposite to that, the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase and malic enzyme in the perirenal and backfat were higher than in the liver and both were significantly reduced by the inclusion of fat in the diet. A direct deposition of dietary fat has been demonstrated by increasing the energy and lipid content of the empty body weight gain between 7 and 25 kg of live weight, and decreasing the efficiency of digestible energy utilization.

• 환경생물
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.170-176
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• 2003

내분비계 장애물질이 해양생물에게 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 우리나라 연안떼서 보편적으로 분포하는 p,p'-DDT, 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD및 PCB-153을 대상으로 이들 화합물이 동해안산 명주조개의 미크로좀 중 약물대사 효소계에 미치는 형향을 살펴보았다. 명주조개의 중장선으로 만든 미크로좀에 상기한 화합물을 DMSO에 녹여 일정한 농토가 되도록 첨가하고 p,p'-DDT (0.1, 0.4 및 1.0 mM)는 30분까지 그리고 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD (0.01, 0.04 및 0.1 ppb) 및 PCB-153 (0.01, 0.04및 0.1ppb)은 7시간까지 in vitro로 배양하면서 CYP 함량과 EROD 활성의 변화를 경시적으로 측정하였다. 그리고 용제인 DMSO만을 첨가한 미크로좀으로 sham구를 설정하였다. DDT와 배양한 경우, 0.4 및 1.0mM 배양구의 CYP농도는 노출 전에 비해 10분 후에 각각 115%와 117%로 높아졌고, EROD활성도 120%로 증가하였다. TCDD와 배양한 경우, CYP농도는 노출 전에 비해 9시간 후에 최대(103∼110%)가 되었고, BROD활성도 2시간 후에 최대(121∼139%)가 되었다. PCB-153와 배양한 경우, 0.01,0.04 및 0.10 ppb 배양구는 CYP농도가 9시간 후에 각각 107%, 112%및 112%로 최대가 되었고, EROD활성도 각각 129%,140% 및 135%로 최대가 되었다. 이것으로 세 화합물은 모두 중장선의 미크로좀에서 CYP와 ERDD수준을 높이는 유도효과가 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권12호
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• pp.1897-1906
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• 2019

Objective: An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) deficiency on intestinal pH value, digestive enzyme activity, morphology, nutrient utilization, and gene expression of NaPi-IIb in meat ducks from 1 to 21 d of age. Methods: A total of 525 one-d-old Cherry Valley ducklings were fed diets (with 7 pens of 15 ducklings, or 105 total ducklings, on each diet) with five levels of nPP (0.22%, 0.34%, 0.40%, 0.46%, or 0.58%) for 21 d in a completely randomized design. Five experimental diets contained a constant calcium (Ca) content of approximately 0.9%. Body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), and feed to gain ratio (F:G) were measured at 14 and 21 d of age. Ducks were sampled for duodenum and jejunum digestion and absorption function on 14 and 21 d. Nutrient utilization was assessed using 25- to 27-d-old ducks. Results: The results showed ducks fed 0.22% nPP had lower (p<0.05) growth performance and nutrient utilization and higher (p<0.05) serum Ca content and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. When dietary nPP levels were increased, BW (d 14 and 21), BWG and FI (all intervals), and the serum phosphorus (P) content linearly and quadratically increased (p<0.05); and the jejunal pH value (d 14), duodenal muscle layer thickness (d 14), excreta dry matter, crude protein, energy, Ca and total P utilization linearly increased (p<0.05); however, the serum ALP activity, jejunal $Na^+-K^+$-ATPase activity, and duodenal NaPi-IIb mRNA level (d 21) linearly decreased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results indicated that ducks aged from 1 to 21 d fed diets with 0.22% nPP had poor growth performance related to poor intestinal digestion and absorption ability; but when fed diets with 0.40%, 0.46%, and 0.58% nPP, ducks presented a better growth performance, intestinal digestion and absorption function.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.574-585
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• 2022

순창군에서 생산된 두릅을 40% EtOH을 이용하여 추출한 후 chlorogenic acid 함량, 항산화, 항균, 항염 및 소화효소 활성을 측정하였다. HPLC를 이용하여 chlorogenic acid 함량을 측정한 결과 7.06±0.01 mg/g 함유되어 있었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거활성(SC₅₀)은 4.79±0.05 mg/mL, ABTS 라디칼 소거활성(SC₅₀)은 5.79±0.05 mg/mL, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 170.0±1.8 mgGAE/g, 총 플라보노이드 함량은 105.5±4.1 mgQE/g으로 분석되었다. RAW 264.7 세포, Caco-2 세포에서 세포독성이 나타나지 않았으며, 농도 의존적으로 NO 생성이 억제되었다. RAW 264.7 세포에서 염증성 cytokine인 TNF-α생성은 8.9±0.1 ng/mL, IL-6 생성은 15.2±0.8 ng/mL, IL-1β생성은 30.9±0.9 pg/mL으로 억제되었으며, AEE의 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 생성이 농도 의존적으로 억제되었다. S. typhimurium, L. monocytogenes, H. pylori에 대한 항균활성이 우수하게 나타났으며, 두릅을 EtOH 추출물의 처리농도가 증가함에 따라 효소 활성인 α-amylase와 protease 효소활성도 증가하였다. 순창군에서 생산된 두릅은 chlorogenic acid를 다량 함유하고 있으며, 항산화, 항염, 항균, 소화효소 활성이 우수하게 나타나 향후 건강기능성 소재로 개발할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.181-188
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• 2012

The object of this study was to observe the gatro protective effects of BJS-mix001, a mixed herbal formula consisted of 4 herbal drugs Pinelliae Rhizoma : Coptidis Rhizoma : Massa Medicata Fermentata : Ostreae Testa = 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 (g/g) mixtures, which were main component of oriental medicine for treating various digestive diseases, in indomethacin induced gastric damages in rats. Three different dosages of BJS-mix001 (200, 100 and 50 mg/kg) were once orally administered 30 min before indomethacin treatment. Six hrs after indomethacin treatment, changes on the gross lesion scores, fundic histopathology, MPO activity and anti oxidant activities were observed. The results were compared with omeprazole, antioxidant and proton pump inhibitor 10 mg/kg and DA-9601, a standardized extract of the herb Artemisia asiatica 100 mg/kg treated group, respectively. As results of all three different dosages of BJS-mix001 in the indomethacin induced gastric damaged rats, significant decreased gastric damages were detected as compared with the indomethacin treated control rats. BJS-mix001 also strengthened the antioxidative defense systems - decreased the level of lipid peroxidation and catalase activity but increased the level of superoxide dismutase and glutathione contents. BJS-mix001 showed similar gastro protective effects as compared with equal dosage of DA-9601, and BJS-mix001 50 mg/kg showed slighter effects as compared with omeprazole 10 mg/kg, in the present study. The results obtained in this study suggest that BJS-mix001 showed favorable effects in the indomethacin induced gastric damages mediated by strengthening of the antioxidative defense systems.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.903-916
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to discover practical health problems which hemodialysis clients experienced so as to present basic data for development of a health assessment tool. The research subjects were 70 clients receiving hemodialysis in Seoul and Inchon from Mar. 1996 to Sep. 1996. Data were collected by researcher's informal indepth interview and nurses' open ended question. Content analysis was applied to collect similar contents and common experiences in order to derivate concepts and categories for better understanding of hemodialysis clients' experiences. As a result, 9 categories derivated to identify the health problems of clients receiving hemodialysis were as follows : 1) They experienced 'the decreased digestive function' which contained the changed appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation and diarrhea. 2) They experienced 'the decreased respiratory and circulatory function' which contained dyspnea, changed blood pressure, tingling sensation and the fear of aggrevated vascular condition. 3) They experienced 'the aggrevated oral condition' which contained dry mouth and destruction of teeth and their soft tissue. 4) They experienced 'the decreased sensory function' which contained visual disturbances, sensation difficulty, and hearing loss. 5) They experienced 'the aggrevated skin condition' which contained dark brown skin color, dry skin (and hyperpigmentatic freckle, seborrheric keratosis, scale), itching sense, and alopethia. 6) They experienced 'the decreased urinary reproductive function' which contained anuria or oliguria, dysmenorrhea, sterility and decreased libido. 7) They experienced 'the restricted activity' which contained decreased activity, muscle cramp and stiffness of joint. 8) They experienced 'the changed mental status' which contained memory disturbance, decreased cognition, disorientation, neurosis and psychosis. 9) They experienced 'the aggrevated general condition' which contained kyphosis, weight loss, fatigue, sleep disturbance, bleeding tendency, inflammation, generalized edema and foul oder of uremia.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1222-1228
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• 2017

In the current study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of water soluble ${\beta}-glucan$ from oat (Avena sativa) against various digestive enzymes such as ${\alpha}-glucosidase$, sucrase, maltase and glucoamylase. Inhibition of these enzymes involved in the absorption of disaccharide can significantly decrease the post-prandial increase of blood glucose level after a mixed carbohydrate diet. The ${\beta}-glucan$ had the highest documented rate of small intestinal sucrase inhibitory activity (2.83 mg/mL, $IC_{50}$) relevant for potentially managing post-prandial hyperglycemia. Furthermore, we evaluated the effects of ${\beta}-glucan$ on the level of post-prandial blood glucose in animal model. The post-prandial blood glucose levels were tested two hours after sucrose/starch administration, with and without ${\beta}-glucan$ (100, and 500 mg/kg-body weight). The maximum blood glucose levels (Cmax) of ${\beta}-glucan$ administration group were decreased by about 23% (from $219.06{\pm}27.82$ to $190.44{\pm}13.18$, p<0.05) and 10% (from $182.44{\pm}13.77$ to $165.64{\pm}10.59$, p<0.01) in starch and sucrose loading test, respectively, when compared to control in pharmacodynamics study. The ${\beta}-Glucan$ administration significantly lowered the mean, maximum, and minimum level of post-prandial blood glucose at 30 min after meal. In view of the foregoing, it is felt that our findings suggest that ${\beta}-glucan$ from oat serves to reduce post-prandial blood glucose rise secondary to slower absorption of glucose in the small intestine, via carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes inhibition.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1981

Heavy metals which are present as trace elements in human body have been known to modify various enzymatic reaction. These metals can be essential or non-essential. Zinc, copper and calcium are essential in maintaining some biological processes, whereas non-essential metals such as cadmium, lead and mercury produce accumulatve toxic effect. Cadmium accumulated in pancreas can cause toxicity and damage of pancreatic cells, thereby influencing CHO metabolism. Lead compounds are known to produce toxic effects on the kidney, digestive system and brain fellowed by inhibition of activity of ${\rho}-aminolevulinic$ acid and biosynthesis of hemoproteins and cytochrome. Evidence has been accumulated that zinc not only acts as a cofactor in enzyme reaction but also prevents toxic effect induced by heavy metal such as copper and cadmium. To demonstrate the effect of heavy metals on pancreatic secretion, part of uncinate pancreas was taken and incubated in Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer with heavy metals used. Additional treatment with CCK-OP was performed when needed. After incubation during different period of time, medium was analyzed for amylase activity using Bernfeld's method. The present study was attempted in order to elucidate the effect of several kinds of heavy metal on exocrine pancreatic secretion in vitro. The results obtained are as follows: 1) CCK-OP stimulated significantly amylase release from pancreatic fragments in vitro. 2) CCK-OP response of amylase release from pancreatic fragments was inhibited by treatmant with cadmium, especially high doses of cadmium. 3) CCK-OP response of amylase release from pancreatic fragments was inhibited when pretreated with $10^{-4}M$ copper chloride. 4) Lead chloride at the concentration of $10^{-3}M\;and\;10^{4}M$ stimulated the basal amylase release in vitro but CCK-OP response did not augment by lead chloride. 5) Zine chloride did not affect amylase release from pancreatic fragment in vitro. From the results mentioned above, it is suggested that CCK-OP response was inhibited it the amylase release from pancreatic fragments pretreated with cadmium and copper chloride.