• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2012

Nesfatin-1 is a recently discovered anorexigenic peptide which is distributed in several brain areas implicated in the feeding and metabolic regulation. Recently, it has been reported that nesfatin-1 is expressed not only in brain, but also in peripheral organs such as digestive organs, adipose tissues, heart, and reproductive organs. Nesfatin-1 is markedly expressed in the pancreas, stomach and duodenum. Eventually, the nesfatin-1 expression in the digestive organs may be regulated by nutritional status, which suggests a regulatory role of peripheral nesfatin-1 in energy homeostasis. Nesfatin-1 is also detected in the adipose tissues of humans and rodents, indicating that nesfatin-1 expression in the fat may regulate food intake independently, rather than relying on leptin. In addition, nesfatin-1 is expressed in the heart as a cardiac peptide. It suggests that nesfatin-1 may regulate cardiac function and encourage clinical potential in the presence of nutrition-dependent physio-pathologic cardiovascular diseases. Currently, only a few studies demonstrate that nesfatin-1 is expressed in the reproductive system. However, it is not clear yet what function of nesfatin-1 is in the reproductive organs. Here, we summarize the expression of nesfatin-1 and its roles in brain and peripheral organs and discuss the possible roles of nesfatin-1 expressed in reproductive organs, including testis, epididymis, ovary, and uterus. We come to the conclusion that nesfatin-1 as a local regulator in male and female reproductive organs may regulate the steroidogenesis in the testis and ovary and the physiological activity in epididymis and uterus.

• 한국전자현미경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국현미경학회 1998년도 제29차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.13-14
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• 1998

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1315-1319
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• 2003

A study was conducted to investigate the development of the digestive organs (rumen, reticulum, abomasums, small intestine, large intestine and rectum) and other internal organs (liver, spleen, lungs and heart) of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) steers fed diets of compound feed and rice straw by the age from 6 to 30 months old. In the experiment, Two hundreds of Hanwoo steers were allocated in one of two compound feed feeding treatments. The treatment groups were 1) feeding level 1 group fed 1.2 to 1.5% compound feed per kg body weight (BW) in the growing period, 1.7 to 1.8% compound feed per kg BW in the early fattening period, and compound feed ad libitum in the late fattening period and 2) feeding level 2 group fed compound feed ad libitum through the whole period. In every two months, eight steers in each group were slaughtered and the length and weight of the organs of the animals were measured. The weight of the reticulo-rumen was higher (p<0.05) in the group 2 at the age of 14 months. The abomasum weight of group 2 was higher than that of group 1 at the ages of 12 (p<0.01) and 20 months (p<0.05). The weights of the liver, lung and heart of steers in the group 2 were higher (p<0.05) than those in group 1 before 18 months old. At the ages of 8 (p<0.1), 10 (p<0.001), 12 (p<0.01), 16 (p<0.01) and 24 months (p<0.05), the abomasum of steers in the group 1 was longer than that in the group 2. The length of liver in both groups was sharply increased from 6 to 8 months old and then the increase was steady, while the length in the group 2 at the age of 12 months was significantly longer (p<0.01) than that in the group 1. The results indicate that the most organs examined showed the higher development in the feeding level 2 than in the feeding level 1 until the age before 18 months when the steers in the feeding level group 1 were given the compound feed ad libitum.

• 환경생물
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.145-158
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• 2008

본 연구는 2000년 12월에서 2007년 5월 사이 태안조간대에서 참굴(Crassostrea gigas)과 바지락 (Ruditapes phillippinarum)의 먹이원을 평가하기 위해서 굴과 바지락의 소화기관 내용물 속의 식물플랑크톤의 종 조성과 더블어 수증과 퇴적물의 식물플랑크톤의 군집조성을 격월로 조사했다. 조사기간 동안 수온은 7$^{\circ}C$에서 23$^{\circ}C$로, 염분은 34PSU에서 35PSU로, 각각 관찰되었다. 수중의 식물플랑크톤의 총 개체수는 옷점이 정산포 지점보다 높았고, 퇴적물 속의 총 개체수는 반대로 정산포가 옷점보다 높게 나타났다. 수중과 퇴적물의 식물플랑크톤의 총 개체수는 2월과 4월에 비교적 높게 관찰되었다. 규조류 중에서 Paralia sulcata는 항상 우점했고, 조사기간 중 정산포(St. J)의 2월을 제외하면 전체 식물플랑크톤의 41.3$\sim$87.9%로 압도적으로 우점했다. 굴과 바지락의 소화기관 내용물 속에 발견 된 종은 규조류 Paralia, Melosira, Coscinodiscus, Navicula속과 침편모조류 Dictyocha속, 와편모조류는 Prorocentrum, Dinophysis 속의 순으로 나타났다. 각 계절의 굴과 바지락의 소화기관에서 발견된 식물플랑크톤은 당 해역에서 수중과 퇴적물에서 출현하는 종 조성과 비교적 잘 일치했다. 굴과 바지락의 전중량과 소화기관의 무게와는 유의한 상관관계를 보였으나, 포식된 식물플랑크톤의 총량과는 직접적인 관계는 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구에서 P. sulcata는 태안 조간대에서 굴과 바지락의 중요한 먹이원의 하나로 항상 우점 출현하고 있다는 것을 제안했다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.291-297
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 펄자임(갯벌 미생물 유래 단백질분해 효소제) 첨가가 육계의 생산성과 소화기관의 길이와 무게에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이다. 4일령의 암컷 Ross 240수를 각 15수씩 2개의 처리구(Control vs. Pearlzyme)로 나누어, 처리구당 8개의 펜에 무작위로 배치하였다. 육계는 그 후 32일령까지 4주 동안 2개의 사료(Control vs. Pearlzyme) 중에 하나를 섭취하였다. 그 결과, 펄자임 첨가사료는 급여 첫 한주 동안에 유의적인 증체효과를 보였지만(p<0.05), 시간의 경과와 함께 그 효과는 감소되어 마지막 한 주 동안에는 사료섭취량의 증가에도 불구하고, 증체량 및 사료효율이 유의하게 감소하였다(p<0.05). 대조구에서 4주간의 실험기간 동안 총 3.3%의 폐사율이 발생하였지만, 펄자임 첨가구에서는 폐사계가 전혀 발생되지 않았다. 그러나 펄자임 첨가사료에서는 육계의 소화기관 특히 직장과 맹장의 무게, 그리고 맹장의 길이가 유의하게 증가하였고(p<0.05), 근위의 무게는 증가하고(p=0.071), 소장의 무게는 감소하는(p=0.068) 경향이 있었다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과는, 육계 사료에 첨가된 펄자임은 급여 첫 한 주 동안에는 증체효과를 보였지만, 급여기간이 경과함에 따라 그 효과는 오히려 감소되었으며, 소화기관의 발달에 영향을 미친다는 것을 시사한다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.298-310
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• 2021

Freshwater eel Anguilla japonica is a commercially important species in East Asia. However, given the continuously decreasing resources due to many problems as climate change, habitat destruction and overfishing, mass seed production is crucial. In particular, the eel larvae present a unique life history, spending prolonged periods in the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, finding suitable feed that lasts through the long larval stages is rather difficult. In the present study, we histologically observed the development of digestive organs for 50 days after hatching (DAH). The endogenous reserves were completely absorbed at 7 DAH, and the first exogenous feeding started thereafter. The teeth appeared at 4 DAH and dramatically changed from needle-like to broad-based types by 50 DAH. The intestine remained as straight gut until 50 DAH. The intestinal cilia appeared first at 6 DAH and their density continuously increased thereafter. Interestingly, goblet cells appeared in the intestine, but not in the esophagus, where these cells are commonly observed in other teleosts. In addition, high amounts of eosinophil substances, assumed to be zymogen granules, accumulated in the pancreas, suggesting a specific digestive strategy of this species. Overall, these observations largely update the previous reports and can be useful to improve A. japonica seed production.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.221-235
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• 2001

According to the literature study on Nae-gwan and Kongson, reviewing the oriental medical books from Hung-Ti-Nei-Ching $\ll$黃帝內經$\gg$ to recent books and other 35 kinds of literatures, the following results are obtained. 1. The location of Nae-gwan is the superior 2 cun Tae-nung point between Tendon of flexor carpiradials and Tendon of palmaris longus; the location of Kongson is the 1st Metatarsal, medial, dented and posterior 1 cun T'aebaek point. 2. The effects of Nae-gwan are relaxing mind, nutrition of heart, peaceful chest, invigorate vital energy, transmitting triple energy; the effects of Kongson are steadying spleen harmonious stomach clearing away dampness, controlling ch'ung-im, regulating blood. 3. Nae-gwan is often used for circulatory organs disease, digestive organs disease, neuropsychiatry disease; Kongson is often used for digestive organs disease, urinary organs disease, neuropsychiatry disease, therefore, these double points are used for internal disease wholly. 4. The Needle-steadying depth of Nae-gwan is 0.5-1 cun, Kongson is 0.3-2 cun; the Moxibustion dosage of Nae-gwan is 3-7 zhuang, Kongson is 3-5 zhuang. 5. Nae-gwan belongs to pericardium Merdian, Kongson belongs to Spleen Meridian, therefore, these double points are combined in yin Meridian upper and lower sides. These points can be used for treating front body part, such as heart, chest and stomach.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.148-169
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• 1990

The Present experiment was designed to investigate the effects of Soo Jeom San on the function of heart and digestive organs. And thus it was analyzed the total acidity, recovery effect, and the other various enzyme activities such as ATPase, Creatine kinase, Aspartate transaminase, and Lactate dehydrogenase. The results were obtained as follows : 1. The Total acidity decreased after Soo JeomSan administration for 6 days, however the total acidity inoreased after the drug administration for 9 days, these phenomena demonstrate that Soo Jeom San acts as a dual factor. The mechanism of decreasing the total acidity was considered to the inhibition of ATPase activity used for HCI active transport from parietal cells. 2. Soo Jeom San recovered the islets of Langerhans which was disrupted by streptozotocin. The recovery mechanism was suggested that Soo Jeom San stimulates the ${\beta}-cell$ proliferation. 3. Soo Jeom San inhibited the enzyme activities such as Creatine kinase and Aspartate transaminase, however the drug activated Lactate dehydrogenase. According to the obtained results, Soo Jeom San may be used for curing gastric ulcer and myocardiac infarction.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.47-58
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• 1989

This study was undertaken to investigate whether the stress caused by day/night shifts on industrial workers can be affected through nutritional status. A sample of 573 female industrial workers, aged 17 through 23 years, from 4 different industries (2 in normal, 2 in 3 shift work pattern) were surveyed by questionaire examining their nutritional status, food intake, dietary habit, sleep complaint, performance of digestive organs, and degree of fatigue. Shift workers were surveyed during night work. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Sleep complaints and degree of fatigue in shift workers were higher than normal workers, whereas the performance of digestive organs were as lower than normal workers. These results showed that shift workers were more stressed than normal workers. 2. The workers who were surveyed were all poor in nutritional status. The intakes of calorie, protein, Ca, riboflavin, and ascorbic acid were lower than Korean Recommanded Dietary Allowences (RDA). Dietary habit of the shift workers was irregular. 3. There was a negative correlation between nutritional status and degrss of fatigue. The intakes of energy nutrients, ascorbic acid, and niain were significantly related to the degree of fatigue in which protein intake was found to be most influential. Among workers with the same level of protein intake, shift workers showed higher degree of fatigue. When the protein intake of shift workers was 100-125% of R.D.A., they showed the same degree of fatigue to the average normal workers.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.66-73
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• 2011

각 지역에서 수집한 무당벌레(JK, CK, CJ)의 소화기관을 채취하여 장내세균의 밀도를 조사한 결과, 호기배양의 경우 $6.0{\times}10^4$ CFU/gut, 혐기배양 결과 $8.0{\times}10^6$ CFU/gut로 계수되었다. 호기적 조건에서 배양된 세균 집락은 총 7가지 형태로 분류되었으며, 혐기적 조건에서 배양된 집락은 총 3가지 형태로 유사한 특징을 나타내었다. 무당벌레 각 소화기관으로부터 호기성세균 34균주와 혐기성세균 82균주, 총 116균주의 장내세균을 순수분리하였다. 호기성 세균 34균주를 대상으로 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열을 해석한 결과, ${\alpha}$-Proteobacteria (3균주), ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria (2 균주), Firmicutes (24 균주), Actinobacteria (4 균주) 그리고 Deinococcus-Thermus (1균주) 계통군으로 분류되었다. Firmicutes 계통군의 Bacillus thuringiensis와 Staphylococcus 속의 다양한 종은 JK, CK 및 CI 무당벌레 소화기관에서 모두 공통적으로 분리되었다. 형태적으로 유사한 혐기세균의 16S rRNA-ARDRA 패턴양상을 분석하여 유사도 70%에서 비교한 결과, 17개 ARDRA group으로 분류되었다. 각 ARDRA group에 속하는 대표 혐기성세균의 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열을 해석한 결과, 무당벌레 소화기관에서 분리된 모든 혐기성 장내세균은 ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria 계통군에 속하는 것으로 나타났으며 Hafnia alvei, Enterobacter ludwigii, Enterobacter kobei, Pseudomonas oryzihabitans 그리고 Pseudomonas koreensis와 높은 유연관계를 갖는 것으로 확인되었다. 무당벌레 소화기관으로부터 분리된 전체 장내세균의 약 70%가 ${\gamma}$-Proteobacteria 계통군에 속하였으며, 23%가 Firmicutes 계통군으로 무당벌레 소화기관 내 주요 계통군임이 확인되었다.