• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.119-132
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 울산광역시 태화강 유역에 대하여 건물영향을 고려한 2차원 침수해석을 실시하여 건물영향에 따른 흐름의 양상, 침수심, 침수위 등을 분석하였다. 지형자료는 최근 대도시를 중심으로 구축되고 있는 1m 간격으로 수집된 LiDAR 자료를 바탕으로 10m 간격의 자료를 추출하여 지형자료를 생성하였으며, 수치지형도로부터 추출된 건물자료를 GIS Tool을 활용하여 구축된 지형자료와 합성하여 2차원 침수해석에 적용되는 지형자료를 구성하였다. 파제에 대한 가상의 시나리오를 생성하여 건물영향을 고려한 2차원 침수해석을 실시하였으며, 침수해석 결과에 대한 분석을 통하여 효율적이고 정확한 침수해석 방법을 제안하고자 하였다. 침수면적에 따른 적합도는 건물영향을 고려한 경우와 고려하지 않은 경우를 비교한 결과 90%이하로 떨어지는 것을 확인하였고, 최대 침수심은 건물영향을 고려하지 않은 경우가 건물영향을 고려한 침수해석 결과보다 0.29m 높게 계산되는 것으로 나타났으며, 침수위의 경우 침수심과는 반대로 건물영향을 고려한 경우의 침수해석 결과가 0.49m 높게 나타나는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 다이아몬드의 기계적 화학적 연마(MCP) 에 주목하여 기존에 알려진 다이아몬드 가공연마판을 주물 또는 파우더 소결 방식이 아닌 플라즈마 열분사 기법을 통하여 경제성이 높게 제작하고 이를 상용화 하고자 하였다. 저렴한 주철 모재에 연성이 높고 밀착성이 우수한 Al을 중간 코팅층으로 코팅하고, 상부 코팅층으로 다이아몬드와 화학반응을 하게 되는 Fe-Cr-Ni 및 Ti 코팅층을 플라즈마로 코팅하여 다이아몬드 연마판을 제작하였다. 또한, 물리적인 코팅방법인 플라즈마 열분사 코팅층의 밀착력을 개선 하기 위하여 $550^{\circ}C$ 6시간 동안 열처리를 수행하고 모재와 Al 코팅층 사이에 약 $5{\mu}m$ 정도의 확산층을 형성하여 밀착력을 개선할 수 있었다.

• 한국압력기기공학회 논문집
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2011

Wrought nickel-base superalloys are being considered as the structural materials in very-high temperature gas-cooled reactors. To understand the effects of impurities, especially oxygen, in helium coolant on the mechanical properties of Alloy 617, creep tests were performed in high temperature flowing He environments with varying $O_2$ contents at 800, 900, and $1000^{\circ}C$. Also, creep life in static He was measured to simulate the pseudo-inert environment. Creep life was the longest in static He, while the shortest in flowing helium. In static He, impurities like $O_2$ and moisture were quickly consumed by oxidation in the early stage of creep test, which prevented further oxidation during creep test. Without oxidation, microstructural change detrimental to creep such as decarburization and internal oxidation were prevented, which resulted in longer creep life. On the other hand, in flowing He environment, surface oxides were not stable enough to act as diffusion barriers for oxidation. Therefore, extensive decarburization and internal oxidation under tensile load contributed to premature failure resulting in short creep life. Limited test in flowing He+200ppm $O_2$ resulted in even shorter creep life. The oxidation samples showed extensive spallation which resulted in severe decarburization and internal oxidation in those environments. Further test and analysis are underway to clarify the relationship between oxidation and creep resistance.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.334-344
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• 1998

Yew coating pmccss t.o form a surface layer ol CrN phasc on mild steel (A81 1020!, AlSI Hi3, 1Cr-0.5Mo steel (ASTM A213 and Nickrl-base superalloy (Inconel 718) was developed. Surlaces of various alloys t,n.ateii by chromizing for the formation ol Cr diffusion layer was subsequently trcaled by plasma nitriding in order t.o form the hard CrS coating layer on the surfaces. This duplex plasma surface tri-atments of chromizing and plasma nitriding have induced a lormation of a duplex-lrcated surfacr hyer of approximat~ls 70-80 $\mu\textrm{m}$thickncss with a iargcly improved microiiardnrss up to approxiniateW 1500Hv(50gf). The main cause for the lage improvment in the surface hardncss is altribilted to [.he fact that CrN and $Fe_xN$ phases are created successfully by ccliromizins and plasma nilriding treatment. High tenipera1,urc wear resislance of the duplex-treated mild steel and HI3 steels at $600^{\circ}C$ was examined. Comparing the duplex-treated specimens with the specimens treated only by chromizing, the rcsults shovmi that, thc wear volume of the duplex-treated mild skcl and 1113 stcel aSt.er a wear test, at $600^{\circ}C$ were reduced hy a Iactor of 8 and 3, respectively. Characteristics of the CrS phase by duplrx treatment were compared with $CrN_x$,/TEX> film by ion plating and the wear behaviors of CrN film lormed by two different nroccsses arc nea.riy identical.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.112-118
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 축 방향으로 자화된 용량결합형 13.65 MHz/40 KHz RF 방전에서 Langmuir Probe, Emissive Probe를 통해 이온 전류 밀도, 전자 온도, 플라즈마 전위의 자장 의존성 및 자기 바이어스 전위를 조사하였다. 자장을 인가함으로서 실험변수 범위 내에서 최대 3배의 이온 전류밀도증가를 얻었고 점화가능한 기체 압력의 최저값을 줄일 수 있었다. 플라즈마가 자화된 경우 공간 전위는 평균적으로 감소하였고 RF 전압의 한주기 동안 시 변동폭이 크게 증가하였다. 플라즈마 전위의 자장 의존성은 Particle-in-Cell Simulation을 수행하여 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 대표적 실험 조건에서 전자 온도는 자장에 따라 약 4 eV에서 5 eV로 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 방전 주파수를 40 KHz로 줄인 경우 1.8 eV에서 0.8 eV로 감소하였다. 실험 장치의 응용 예로서 플루오로 카본 가스에 의한 식각실험이 수행되었다. 자화 플라즈마의 산화막 식각속도 증가를 확인함으로서 축방향 자장이 실제 공정에 긍정정인 영향을 미침을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

Amorphization and crystallization behaviors of $Ti_{50}Cu_{50}Ni_{20}Al_{10}$ powders during high-energy ball milling and subsequent heat treatment were studied. Full amorphization obtained after milling for 30 h was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. The morphology of powders prepared using different milling times was observed by field-emission scanning electron microscope. The powders developed a fine, layered, homogeneous structure with prolonged milling. The crystallization behavior showed that the glass transition, $T_g$, onset crystallization, $T_x$, and super cooled liquid range ${\Delta}T=T_x-T_g$ were 691,771 and 80 K, respectively. The isothermal transformation kinetics was analyzed by the John-Mehn-Avrami equation. The Avrami exponent was close to 2.5, which corresponds to the transformation process with a diffusion-controlled type at nearly constant nucleation rate. The activation energy of crystallization for the alloy in the isothermal annealing process calculated using an Arrhenius plot was 345 kJ/mol.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제26회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.275-278
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• 2006

[ $CH_4-He/Air$ ] 대향류 확산화염의 저 화염 신장율에서 진동 불안정성에 관하여 실험적으로 연구하였다. 저 화염 신장율에서 진동 불안정은 Le가 1보다 클 때 소화한계 부근에서 발행하고 측면방향 열손실이 중요한 역할을 한다. 화염이 진동할 때 화염의 형태는 전진하거나 후퇴하는 edge flame이고 진동의 동적거동은 성장, 조화 그리고 감쇠 진동 모드 세 가지로 나타났다. 전체 화염 신장율이 감소하면 진동의 진폭은 커지게 되는데 이는 화염의 크기가 감소하게 되어 측면 열손실이 증가하였기 때문이다. 저 화염 신장율에서 edge flame의 진동 불안정성은 Le 뿐만 아니라 복사와 측면 열손실도 밀접한 관계가 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2012

Tumor cell morphology is closely related to its migratory behaviors. An active tumor cell has a highly irregular shape, whereas a spherical cell is inactive. Thus, quantitative analysis of cell features is crucial to determine tumor malignancy or to test the efficacy of anticancer treatment. We use 3D time-lapse phase-contrast microscopy to analyze single cell morphology because it enables to observe long-term activity of living cells without photobleaching and phototoxicity, which is common in other fluorescence-labeled microscopy. Despite this advantage, there are image-level drawbacks to phase-contrast microscopy, such as local light effect and contrast interference ring. Therefore, we first corrected for non-uniform illumination artifacts and then we use intensity distribution information to detect cell boundary. In phase contrast microscopy image, cell is normally appeared as dark region surrounded by bright halo ring. Due to halo artifact is minimal around the cell body and has non-symmetric diffusion pattern, we calculate cross sectional plane which intersects center of each cell and orthogonal to first principal axis. Then, we extract dark cell region by analyzing intensity profile curve considering local bright peak as halo area. Finally, we calculated the Fourier descriptor that morphological characteristics of cell to classify tumor cells into active and inactive groups. We validated classification accuracy by comparing our findings with manually obtained results.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.1025-1031
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• 2009

Several kinds of biodegradable hydrogels were prepared via in situ photopolymerization of Pluronic F127/poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) macromer and acrylic acid (AA) comonomer in aqueous medium. The swelling kinetics measurements showed that the resultant hydrogels exhibited both thermo- and pH-sensitive behaviors, and that this stimuli-responsiveness underwent a fast reversible process. With increasing pH of the local buffer solutions, the pH sensitivity of the hydrogels was increased, while the temperature sensitivity was decreased. In vitro hydrolytic degradation in the buffer solution (pH 7.4, $37^{\circ}C$), the degradation rate of the hydrogels was greatly improved due to the introduction of the AA comonomer. The in vitro release profiles of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in-situ embedded into the hydrogels were also investigated: the release mechanism of BSA based on the Peppas equation was followed Case II diffusion. Such biodegradable dual-sensitive hydrogel materials may have more advantages as a potentially interesting platform for smart drug delivery carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 1996년도 춘계학술발표회논문집(3)
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• pp.231-237
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• 1996

Defect equilibrium equations were modelled, and the relations of P $o_2$, venus x were derived using the mass action law. The dominant defect species active in a specified region were determined by fitting the curve of experimental data to the calculated curve of log P $o_2$, versus log x for each theoretical model. The calculated curve for (2:1:2) and (Er')$^{x}$ in the hyperstoichiometric $U_{1-y}$E $r_{y}$ $O_{2＋x}$ and that for (2Er'quot;)$^{x}$ $_{dec}$ in the hypostoichiometric $U_{1-y}$E $r_{y}$ $O_{2－x}$ are in good agreement with the present experimental results. The sintering behavior of Er-doped U $O_2$ is observed with erbium content in oxidizing and reducing atmospheres. For sintering in oxidizing atmosphere, sintered density decreases as increasing y in $U_{1-y}$E $r_{y}$ $O_{2＋x}$. However, in hydrogen atmosphere, sintered density decreases as increasing y at lower erbium content but the density increases again above y=0.10. In oxidizing sintering conditions, the formation of (Er'U')$^{x}$ clusters hinders the diffusion of cations, and hence the sinterability of Er-doped U $O_2$ decreases. In reducing atmosphere of Er-doped U $O_2$ for higher Er concent, the oxygen vacancies make (Er')$^{x}$ cluster decompose by charge compensation and the concentration of mobile cations increases, thereby improving the sinterability.ntration of mobile cations increases, thereby improving the sinterability.ability.