• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.309-315
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• 2010

A fully-differential low-voltage low-power electrocardiogram (ECG) amplifier by using the nonfeedback PMOS pseudo-resistors is proposed. It consists of two operational-transconductance amplifiers (OTA) in series (a preamplifier and a variable-gain amplifier). To make it insensitive to the gate leakage current of the OTA input transistor, the feedback pseudo-resistor of the conventional ECG amplifier is moved to input branch between the OP amp summing node and the DC reference voltage. Also, an OTA circuit with a Gm boosting block without reducing the output resistance (Ro) is proposed to maximize the OTA DC gain. The measurements shows the frequency bandwidth from 7 Hz to 480 Hz, the midband gain programmable from 48.7 dB to 59.5 dB, the total harmonic distortion (THD) less than 1.21% with a full voltage swing, and the power consumption of 233 nW in a 0.13 ${\mu}m$ CMOS process at the supply voltage of 0.7 V.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.1157-1162
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• 2001

This paper deals with inspect algorithm using visual system. One of the major problems that arise during polymer production is the estimation of the noise of the color product.(bad pallets) An erroneous output can cause a lot of losses (production and financial losses). Therefore new methods for real-time inspection of the noise are demanded. For this reason, we have presented a development of vision system algorithm for the defect inspection of PE color pallets. First of all, in order to detect the edge of object, the differential filter is used. And we apply to the labelling algorithm for feature extraction. This algorithm is designed for the defect inspection of pallets. The labelling algorithm permits to separate all of the connected components appearing on the pallets. Labelling the connected regions of a image is a fundamental computation in image analysis and machine vision, with a large number of application. Also, we suggested vision processing program in window environment. Simulations and experimental results demonstrate the performance of the proposal algorithm.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.309-314
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• 2014

This work proposes an integrated high frequency divider with an inductive peaking technique implemented in a current mode logic (CML) frequency divider. The proposed divider is composed with a master-slave flip-flop, and the master-slave flip-flop acts as a latch and read circuits which have the differential pair and cross-coupled n-MOSFETs. The cascode bias is applied in an inductive peaking circuit as a current source and the cascode bias is used for its high current driving capability and stable frequency response. The proposed divider is designed with $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS process, and the simulation used to evaluate the divider is performed with phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit as a feedback circuit. A divide-by-two operation is properly performed at a high frequency of 20 GHz. In the output frequency spectrum of the PLL, a peak frequency of 2 GHz is obtained witha divide-by-eight circuit at an input frequency of 250 MHz. The reference spur is obtained at -64 dBc and the power consumption is 13 mW.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.1049-1054
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• 2011

Color is discerned due to the reflectance of object and its hue is determined by the Ratio of RGB spectrum. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Color information using by the optical system in terms of convenience and simplicity. Firstly, the differential Ratio of RGB is evaluated by photodiode Sensor which achieves a high efficiency with quick tranducer output. To extract the information of RGB Ratio, light emitting diode is built in Color sensing system with photodiode. Our proposed method is very economical, simple, and convenient. Our results can be applied to confirm the accurate information of Color in the research environments and commercial purposes. Thus RGB information can be determined subjectively and thus, the inherent characteristic of Color will be revealed precisely and its related features can be resolved in a real time mode.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.5 no.8
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• pp.923-931
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• 1999

In this paper, a modeling and a robust time-delay control for the reclaimer are investigated. Supplying the same amount of a raw material throughout the reclamation process from the raw yard to a sinter plant is important to keep the quality of the molten steel uniform in blast furnaces. As the actual parameter values of the reclaimer are not available, the boom rotational dynamics are modeled as a second order differential equation with unknown coefficients. The unknown parameters in the nominal model are estimated using a recursive estimation method. Another important factor in the control design of the reclaimer is the large time-delay in output measurement. Assuming a multiplicative uncertainty, that accounts for both the unstructured uncertainty neglected in the modeling and the structured uncertainty contained in the parameter estimation, a robust Smith predictor is designed. A robust stability criterion for the multiplicative uncertainty is also derived. Following the work of Goodwin et al. [4], a quantifying procedure of the multiplicative uncertainty bound, through experiments , is described. Experimental and simulation results are provided.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2007

This paper is to suggest the method of embedding a signature to pictures secretly under the orthogonal wavelet transform which represents pictures as multi-resolution representations. As it is focused upon the differential output under the multi-resolution representation of pictures, this method can embed bit series to pictures. In doing so, it can compound approximately 6K byte of information with gray-level image $256{\times}256$. The method can include not only the database which designates copyright of pictures but also the author and usage of pictures, and the information of the picture itself. Therefore, this method can easily discriminate the inspection of picture database.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.219-225
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• 2012

A low-power, low-noise pre-amplifier for digital hearing-aid application is designed. This pre-amplifier amplifies single-ended signal from an electret microphone, and produces differential output to be delivered to an ADC. It has a variable gain of 3.6, 7.2, 14.4 and 28.8 with a bandwidth between 100Hz~10kHzon. The measurement results show 85 dB of SNR, 0.05 % of harmonic distortion and $200{\mu}W$ of power consumption with 1.2V supply.

• BMB Reports
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2014

Intracellular lipid-binding proteins (LBPs) impact fatty acid homeostasis in various ways, including fatty acid transport into mitochondria. However, the physiological consequences caused by mutations in genes encoding LBPs remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we explore the metabolic consequences of lbp-5 gene deficiency in terms of energy homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans. In addition to increased fat storage, which has previously been reported, deletion of lbp-5 attenuated mitochondrial membrane potential and increased reactive oxygen species levels. Biochemical measurement coupled to proteomic analysis of the lbp-5(tm1618) mutant revealed highly increased rates of glycolysis in this mutant. These differential expression profile data support a novel metabolic adaptation of C. elegans, in which glycolysis is activated to compensate for the energy shortage due to the insufficient mitochondrial ${\beta}$-oxidation of fatty acids in lbp-5 mutant worms. This report marks the first demonstration of a unique metabolic adaptation that is a consequence of LBP-5 deficiency in C. elegans.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.335-341
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• 2015

Recently a demand for high precision absolute position transducer is increasing in order to control thickness in steel industry. LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) is widely used to measure the absolute position in the linearly moving cylinder under poor factory environment. In this paper we implement the three phase LVDT with a high resolution of one micron and L/D (LVDT to digital) converter. First we designed U, V, and W three phase signaling using FPGA. Second a pulse output algorithm is designed for position information with A and B phase waveforms. Finally the performance is compared with previous sensors. Experiments show that the linearity deviation error is 0.009788 [mm] and the average sinusoidal THD is 0.0751%, which means 2.2% and 33% more improved result than the previous sensors respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-21
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• 2002

To develope chemical heat pump using available energy sources, solar heat and other kinds of waste thermal energy, we have studied the heat transfer rate in cylindrical bed reactor packed with calcined Dolomite. Two dimensional (radial and circumferential) Partial differential equations, concerning heat and mass transfer in packed bed of calcined Dolomite, are solved numerically to describe the characteristics of the reaction of calcined Dolomite and heat transfer. The results obtained by numerical analysis about two dimensional profiles of temperature and conversion of reactant in the packed bed reactor and the amount of exothermic heat released from the reactor are follows. It was found that all of calcined Dolomite packed bed kept the reaction temperature of about 750K throughout the entire part of the bed, immediately after the steam was introduced exothermic reaction of hydration was proceeded from the packed bed inpu to output and from wall side to center. The rate of thermochemical reaction depends on the temperature and concentration and it is also governed by the boundary conditions and heat transfer rate in the particle packed bed.