• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.27-34
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• 1997

Pneumocystis carinli is an established cause of pulmonary infections in immuno-compromised hosts. Several cytoiogical stains, such as Papanicolaou, Gomori methenamine sliver(GMS) and Diff-Quik have been used for detection of the organism, but occasionally can be laborious and, due to a degree of nonspecificity, may be misleading. We evaluated the diagnostic utility of immunocytochenmical stains that recognize P. carinii in bornchoalveolar lavage from experimentally Induced P. carinii pneumonia rats(n=15). In audition to routine stains for diagnosis by morphologic recognition of P. carinii on Papanicolaou, GMS and Diff-Quik stains, bronchoalveolar lavage samples were reacted with immunocytochemical stains using monoclonal antibodies(MAB) 092 and 902. In bronchoalveolar lavage P. carinii organisms were detected In 9 of 10 cases(90%) using each MAB 092 and 902, whereas GMS and Diff-Quik stains demonstrated P. carinii in 13(86%) and 11(73%) of 15 cases respectively. In lung tissue specimens(n=15) P. carinii organisms were well identified on GMS stain and immunohistochemical stains using MAB 092 and 902 in ail cases. We believe that the immunocytochemical staining using MAB 092 and/or 902 is a very useful and diagnostic tool In addition to GMS and Diff-Qulk stain to detect P. carinii organisms in bronchoalveolar lavage.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2015

Ogye rooster sperm chromatin status can be detected using well established sperm assays. In this paper, a simple and fast method to monitor rooster sperm chromatin status could be employed in field for assessment of chicken sperm quality. Using standard bright field microscope, Diff-Quik stains can be reproducibly, easily and routinely monitored with simple staining. The presence of abnormal chromatin staining of rooster sperm was determined by darker stain in head. In the fresh semen, the viabilities of three tested Ogye spermatozoa were 93.53%, 82.42% and 90.63% and normal chromatin rates were 87.96%, 74.25% and 85.10% respectively. However, after freezing, the rates of viability of thawed semen were reduced to 69.58%, 61.98% and 72.20% and normal chromatin rate also reduced to 58.91%, 48.49% and 63.34%. A significant correlation between live sperm and normal sperm nuclei was 0.875 in fresh semen and 0.513 in frozen semen. After incubation of sperm at $37^{\circ}C$ for 5min, the rates of viability, chromatin normality and sperm head activity were shown as $90.63{\pm}1.28%$, $82.44{\pm}8.09%$ and $66.68{\pm}10.29%$ in fresh semen. However, the rates of thawed semen were reduced to $67.92{\pm}7.55%$, $56.92{\pm}12.15%$ and 47.32{\pm}5.02%, respectively. The relationship between chromatin normality and sperm head movements in fresh and thawed semen were 0.564 and 0.540, respectively. With these results, the chicken sperm normality could be assessed by the Diff-Quik staining that could be used for chromatin status of sperm head and activated morphology of live spermatozoa, as a simple and rapid staining method.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.160-167
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• 1991

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare valiant of mammary cancer with better prognosis. The diagnosis is usually made by histologic examination of biopsy specimen. Recently, we have experienced a case of adenoid cystlc carcinoma initially diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology which revealed distinct cytologic features in a 45-year-old woman. Pink to red globules in the tumor cell clusters on Diff-Quik staining was a very helpful finding for cytologic diagnosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.561-564
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• 2017

This report describes a dog infected with Hepatozoon canis, the first canine infection in the Republic of Korea. A 2-year-old intact male Maltese dog presented with anorexia and depression. Physical examinations revealed mild dehydration and hyperthermia ($39.8^{\circ}C$), and blood analysis showed pancytopenia. Diff-Quik staining of blood smear specimens showed the presence of ellipsoidal shaped structures (gamonts of H. canis) within a small number of neutrophils. Real-time PCR analysis using whole blood confirmed infection by H. canis. The clinical condition of the dog improved after symptomatic treatment and administration of doxycycline. Although a molecular epidemiologic survey in Korea showed H. canis infection of dogs, to our knowledge this is the first report of a dog infection in Korea molecularly shown to be H. canis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Veterinary Pathology Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.137-137
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• 2002

개 유방 종양은 개에서 가장 흔한 종양들이지만 유방 분비물을 통한 세포학 진단의 의의는 크다. 이들 종양의 진단상 병리조직학적 진단은 보편화되어 있으며 그 정확성도 매우 높다. 그러나 진단에 걸리는 시간과 비용 문제를 간과 할 수는 없다. 본 증례는 전남대학교 부속동물병원에 내원한 9살된 암컷 요크셔테리어 종으로서 유선에서 혈액과 고름이 섞인 분비물이 5개월 동안 관찰되었다. 이들 분비물을 슬라이드에 도말하여 diff-quik 염색후 세포학적 진단결과 다양한 형태의 종양세포, 적혈구 및 호중구가 관찰되었다. 종양세포는 대소부동한 다형태성의 핵을 가지고 있었고, 핵소체는 뚜렷하였으며 핵과 세포질 비율(N/C) 도 매우 높았다. 전형적인 유방 선암종(adenocarcinoma) 세포로 진단되었으며 유방절제후 병리조직학적 검사 소견도 세포학적 진단과 일치하였다. 유방 선암종 분비물의 세포학적 진단은 보다 간편하고 적은 비용으로 진단해 낼 수 있었다. 개 유방 선암종 분비물의 세포학적 진단은 국내보고를 쉽게 찾을 수 없었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.288-292
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• 2001

A 3-year-old, 4.0 kg, intact male shih-tzu dog with anorexia, depression, pale mucous membranes, tachypnea, tachycardia was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Autoagglutination was observed by naked eye when blood was collected in an EDTA-tube and many spherocytes were found on a Diff-Quik stained blood smear. PCV was 6% and indirect bilirubin was increased markedly. So the immune-mediated hemolytic anemia was diagnosed. Autoagglutination was too severe to perform cross-matching test. Blood was not transfused as it might accelerate or precipitate hemolytic crisis, and regeneration of erythrocytes was very good. Thus corticosteroid of immunosuppressive dose and fluid were administered and PCV was monitored. Although blood was not transfused, PCV increased from 6 to 15.9% in a day and to 30% 7 days later. Therapy for liver was concurrently conducted because liver enzyme activities were high. Corticosteroid tappering therapy was conducted for 75 days and PCV was recovered to 46% after 4 months form start of the treatment.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 1997

In male reproducible health, fertility and IVF (in-vitro fertilization), semen analysis has been most important. Semen analysis can be divided into concentration, motional and morphological analysis of sperm. The existing method which was developed earlier to analyze semen concentrated on the sperm motility analysis. To provide more useful and precise solutions for clinical problems such as infertility, semen analysis must include sperm morphological analysis. But the traditional tools for semen analysis are subjective, imprecise, inaccurate, difficult to standardize, and difficult to reproduce. Therefore, with the help of development of microcomputers and image processing techniques, we developed a new sperm morphology analyzer to overcome these problems. In this study the agreement on percent normal morphology was studied between different observers and a computerized sperm morphology analyzer on a slide-by-slide basis using strict criteria. Slides from 30 different patients from the SNUH andrology laboratory were selected randomly. Microscopic fields and sperm cells were chosen randomly and percent normal morphology was recorded. The ability of sperm morphology analyzer to repeat the same reading for normal and abnormal cells was studied. The results showed that there was no significant bias between two experienced observers. The limits of agreement were 4.1%${\sim}$-3.8%. The Pearson correlation coefficient between readers was 0.79. Between the manual and sperm morphology analyzer, the same findings were reported. In this experiments the slides were stained by two different methods, PAP and Diff-Quik staining methods. The limits of agreement were 7.2%${\sim}$-5.7% and 6.0%${\sim}$-6.3%, respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficients ware 0.76 and 0.91, respectively. The limits of agreement was tighter below 20% normal forms. In the experiments of repeatability, 52 cells stained by PAP and Diff-Quik staining methods were analyzed three times in succession. Estimating pairwise agreement, the kappa statistic for the pairs were 0.76, 0.81, 0.86, and 0.75, 0.88, 0.88 respectively. In this study it was shown that there was good agreement between manual and computerized assessment of normal and abnormal cells. The repeatability and agreement per slide of computerized sperm morphology analyzer was excellent. The computer's ability to classify normal morphology per slide is promising. Based on results obtained, this system can be of clinical value both in andrology laboratories and IVF units.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.82-89
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• 1992

Electron microscopy (EM) can provide a valuable contribution to light microscopy (LM) In the Interpretation of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) specimen, especially in the diagnosis of the tumor. However, considerable care in processing the specimen is mandatory to recover the cells and avoid altering the fine structures. We experienced a case of malignant melanoma in 33-yrs-old female, diagnosed by EM study of FNAC specimen from the axillary mass, who was initially thought as disseminated carcinomatosis on LM study. The technique of EM study on FNAC specimen consisted of washing the needle and syringe in 2.5% glutaraldehyde after a rapid stain (Diff-Quik), which was used to obtain a preliminary diagnostic impression and to assure the adequacy of the EM specimen. After centrifugation in the steps of fixation and dehydration, the sediment was made into an epon block and examined. The whole processing time of EM study can be shortened within 7 or 8 hours, and results can be available within 48 to 72 hours. Our experience suggests the EM study on FNAC can be a useful diagnostic method in the diagnosis of difficult FNAC cases.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.85-90
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• 2000

To assess the relationship between the changes of cellular components and the production of Th 1 cytokine in the immune tissue, inbred C57BL/6 mice were orally infected with 40 cysts of 76K strain of Toxoplosma gondii. The sequential change of cell differentials and $IFN-{\gamma}$ production of splenocytes were analyzed by Diff-Quik stain and RT-PCR. There were no significant proportional changes of cellular components of splenocytes until day 4 postinfection (Pl) as compared to those of day 0, and the relative percentage of macrophages and neutrophils/eosinophils increased significantly (p<0.01) thereafter. The expression of $IFN-{\gamma}$ mRNA of $CD3^{-}$ cells was observed from day 1 Pl at a low level. However, $IFN-{\gamma}$ production of $CD3^{+}$ cells increased significantly from day 4 Pl (p<0.01) which progressively increased thereafter. These findings provide the relative percentages of granulocytes and macrophages were increased in conjunction with increase of total number of splenocytes after oral infection with T. gondii in the susceptible murine hosts, and lymphocytes were the major cellular components and the important source of $IFN-{\gamma}$.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.274-279
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the best staining method for the somatic cell classification of dairy goat milk. Dairy goat milk samples, which were collected randomly from a dairy goat farm in Jeollanam-do, South Korea, were stained and analyzed with direct microscopic method, using 5 different staining methods; Wright's stain, Giemsa stain, Diff-quik stain, Newman's stain and Pyronin Y-Methyl Green stain, respectively. Among them, The Newman's staining was found to be the most rapid and effective method, for it required the shortest time for staining and provided the easiest way to classify somatic cells.