• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.335-339
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• 2006

The level of ${\beta}-glucan$ which is a major soluble dietary fiber found in the grain endosperm cell wall was highly variable among 25 barley genotypes grown at four locations including Suwon, Naju, Jinju, and Jeju. Statistically significant genotypic effects were observed for ${\beta}-glucan$ content at each or across growing sites (P<0.001). On average, 'Chalssalbori' showed the lowest percentage ${\beta}-glucan$ (4.04%) among genotypes in the grain, whereas 'Yonezawa Mochi' was highest in percentage ${\beta}-glucan$ (6.46%) compared to other genotypes. The significant difference between genotypes was approximately 1-2% across environments. The effects of location or interaction between locations and genotypes were not significant on the variation of ${\beta}-glucan$ contents. High ${\beta}-glucan$ content seemed to be greatly associated with such grain traits as waxiness and presence of husk except for 'Chalssalbori'. The waxy genotypes had a mean of 5.37% and values ranging from 5.28 to 5.47%, but normal genotypes had a mean of 4.78% and values ranging from 4.69 to 4.88% over environments. Hulless barley genotypes were also higher than hulled barley genotypes for the average ${\beta}-glucan$ content in both individual and over all environments. The difference between the hulled and hulless gene pools was on average of 0.37% with ranges from 0.19% to 0.56% at four environments. ${\beta}-glucan$ content measured from a mapping population of $F_5$-derived 107 lines derived from the cross between 'Yonezawa Mochi' and 'Neulssalbori' was not significantly associated with other agronomic traits except for 1,000-kernel weight at the '01 Suwon environment. Not too much information on the relationship of ${\beta}-glucan$ content to agronomic traits was available.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.109-120
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• 1993

Mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effetcs of $\beta$-glucan remain unclear. Rats were divided into 3 groups; normal control group, atherogenic group(oral administration of cholesterol 40 mg/kg/day and vitamin $D_2$320,000 IU/kg/day),${\beta}$-glucan treatment group(oral administration of atherogenic treatment and ${\beta}$-glucan 0.135 g/kg/day). The ${\beta}$-glucan treatment group showed moderate increases of serum lipids concentration compared with atherogenic group. In histopathological examination, aortas showed no critical lesions. The total fecal neutral sterols and bile acids excreted for 6 days was increased compared with both normal and atherogenic group. These result\ulcorner suggest that mechanisms for the hypocholesterolemic effect of ${\beta}$-glucan on rats were due to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption in the intestinal lumen and acceleration of cholesterol catabolism in the liver.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2007

The quality characteristics of sponge cake with added ${\beta}-glucan$(2, 4 and 6%) were evaluated. Rapid decreases in moisture content in the sponge cake were observed during storage($20^{\circ}C$, 70% relative humidity) in control and 2% ${\beta}-glucan$ cakes by day 3 of storage, while the moisture content in the 4% and 6% ${\beta}-glucan-added$ sponge cake slowly decreased until day 12 of storage. During storage, hardness was much lower in groups with added ${\beta}-glucan$ than in control. On day 1 L, a and b values of both crust and crumb of sponge cake with added ${\beta}-glucan$ were not significantly different from control, although the a and b values decreased significantly with storage days. Sensory test revealed that the scores for over-all acceptability were much higher in sponge cake with added ${\beta}-glucan$, and the same results were obtained on day 5. Based on these results, ${\beta}-glucan$ addition maintained moisture content and had an overall good effect on sponge cake.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.237-244
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• 2008

The object of this trial was to investigate the effect of dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation on the performance and immunological response of broiler chickens. Two hundred and forty 1-day old male broilers ($39{\pm}1g$) were separated into six treatments which were given six different feeds containing 0 (control), 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 mg/kg dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. On days 21 and 42, body weight gain, feed consumption and feed conversation rate were recorded as measures of growth performance. The levels of key cytokines in the immuno-regulating pathway: interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon $\gamma$(IFN-$\gamma$, tumor necrosis factor $\alpha$(TNF-$\alpha$, and the concentrations of signal molecules: peripheral blood plasma globulin, serum Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and intestinal secretary Immunoglobulin A (sIgA), were measured as indices of the immune response to determine suitable levels of dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. The results indicated that performance was elevated quadratically with dietary ${\beta}$-1,3/1,6-glucan supplementation. Maximal growth performance and an enhanced immunological response were obtained at a supplemented level of 50 mg/kg.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제41권12호
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• pp.1740-1746
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 식이섬유와 ${\beta}$-glucan이 풍부한 꽃송이버섯을 발효한 후 추출하여 이들 성분의 함량을 보다 증가시킨 추출물과 잔사를 제조하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 열풍 건조한 꽃송이버섯 자실체의 분말을 유산균(L. brevis)과 홍국균(M. pilosus)으로 각각 발효한 후 열수와 수용성 에탄올(50, 70, 90%, v/v)로 추출하여 추출물과 잔사를 제조하고 이들의 수용성, 불용성 및 총 식이섬유와 ${\beta}$-glucan의 함량을 버섯원물의 추출물과 잔사의 각 성분의 함량과 비교하였다. 홍국균 발효 버섯의 총 식이섬유 함량은 74.4 g/100 g으로 버섯원물(64.4 g/100 g)과 유산균 발효 버섯(66.1 g/100 g)의 총 식이섬유 함량에 비해서 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았다. 버섯원물, 유산균 발효 버섯, 홍국균 발효 버섯의 ${\beta}$-glucan 함량(21.9~24.4 g/100 g) 간에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 추출물의 경우, 홍국균 발효 버섯의 열수 추출물에서 총 식이섬유(21.6 g/100 g)와 수용성 식이섬유 함량(19.3 g/100 g)이 가장 높았으며 버섯 원물의 열수 추출물의 총 식이섬유(16.4 g/100 g)와 수용성 식이섬유 함량(14.6 g/100 g)보다도 유의적으로 (p<0.05) 높았다. 홍국균 발효 버섯을 열수 추출하고 남은 잔사의 총 식이섬유 함량은 90.5 g/100 g이었고 이들의 대부분이 불용성 식이섬유로 구성되어 있었으며, ${\beta}$-glucan 함량은 버섯 원물이나 홍국균 발효 버섯보다 높은 31.0 g/100 g이었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제조한 홍국균 발효 꽃송이버섯의 열수 추출물과 잔사는 각각 액상과 분말 형태의 건강기능식품 및 가공식품 소재로 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.888-894
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• 1997

보리로부터 도정처리한 정맥 및 제분에 의한 분획별 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량을 분석하여 ${\beta}-glucan$을 강화할 수 있는 방법에 관하여 연구하였다. 쌀보리가 겉보리보다 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량을 강화하는데 유리한 것으로 나타났으며 찰성 쌀보리인 수원-291이 메성인 무등쌀보리보다 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량이 높았다. 보리 ${\beta}-glucan$의 용해성은 품종간 차이가 있으며 평균 약 67%가 수용성인 것으로 나타났다. 쌀보리는 도정에 의해 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량이 1.2배까지 높아졌으며 쌀보리를 ${\beta}-glucan$이 가장 높은 상태인 정맥수율 $70{\sim}75%$로 도정하여 분쇄하고 $100{\sim}325-mesh$ 체를 사용하여 연속적으로 체질함에 의해 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량이 22%까지 포함된 획분을 얻어 원맥 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량의 3배 이상으로 강화하였다. 한편 보리를 $B{\ddot{u}}hler$ test mill을 사용하여 제분해 본 결과 보리가루의 ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량은 원맥에 비해 낮아진 반면 bran과 shorts에서는 원맥보다 높은 농도로 존재하였다, Shorts와 bran은 다시 분쇄 후 체질함으로써 원맥의 2.4배까지 ${\beta}-glucan$이 강화된 획분을 얻을 수 있었다. 체질에 의해서 입자크기에 따라 분획된 보리가루 획분들은 총 ${\beta}-glucan$의 $40{\sim}81%$가 수용성이며 정맥으로부터 얻은 획분에 비해 $B{\ddot{u}}hler$ mill stream의 bran 및 shorts로부터 얻은 획분에서 용해성이 다소 높게 나타났다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.1634-1641
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• 2005

Generally, dietary fibre (DF) includes lignin, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and resistant starch (RS). In monogastric species, low levels of dietary fibre in the diet are associated with various diseases and high levels reduce nutrient digestibilities. In this study, the effects of different types and levels of NSP (soluble: $\beta$-glucan, insoluble cellulose) and resistant starch on mucin secretion and endogenous nitrogen and amino acid losses in pigs were investigated. A total of 25 five-week-old weaner pigs (9.5 kg${\pm}$1.5 kg), were randomly allocated to each of five experimental diets. Different levels of purified barley $\beta$-glucan (BG) extract (5 or 10% of $Glucagel^{(R)}$ $\beta$-glucan, providing 4 or 8% of BG in the diet), and resistant starch (RS) (8.3 or 16.6% of Hi-$Maize^{TM}$, providing 5 or 10% RS in the diet) were substituted for wheat starch in a purified diet in which enzymatically-hydrolysed casein was the sole source of protein. The diets were fed for 21 days. No statistically significant difference between treatments (p>0.05) was observed for growth performance and organs weights. No difference in ileal starch digestibility was observed between pigs on the cellulose or $\beta$-glucan diets. However, as the level of resistant starch in the diet increased the ileal starch digestibility decreased (p<0.05). The inclusion of resistant starch in the diet (5 or 10%) did not increase mucin production when compared with the cellulose-only diet. However, as the level of beta-glucan in the diet increased, both crude mucin in the digesta dry matter and per kg dry matter intake increased (p<0.05). Pigs fed the diet containing 8% of beta-glucan had higher endogenous loss flow than those fed the diets including 5 or 10% of resistant starch or 4% of $\beta$-glucan. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of resistant starch increased the level of starch reaching the large intestine without any effect on mucin secretion, or endogenous nitrogen or amino acid losses content in the small intestine. The addition of $\beta$-glucan to a diet containing cellulose increases both mucin secretion and endogenous amino acid and nitrogen losses in the small intestine.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1558-1564
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effects of 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan added to the diet of Haidong chicks reared under hypoxic conditions, to ascertain the growth performances, immunity and intestinal morphology changes. Methods: A total of 750 chicks were divided into five groups and fed diets containing 0.5 g/kg, 1.0 g/kg, and 2.0 g/kg 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan from yeast (G1, G2, G3, respectively), 0.2 g/kg Taylor rhizomorph and a control feed. Results: The body weight and body weight gain were higher in chicks fed 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan and Taylor rhizomorph than in control group. Feed conversion ratio significantly differed for G2 and G3 groups in comparison to control group. The relative weight of bursa was higher in G1, G2, and G3 groups. The white blood cells and lymphocytes were significantly increased in groups fed 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan. The immunoglobulin G of serum peak appeared in the G3 group. The villous height of the duodenum was higher in 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan feed groups. In the jejunum, the villous height was higher in G2 and G3 groups and crypt depth for all the groups fed ${\beta}$-glucan. At ileum level the villous height and crypt depth was higher for groups G1, G2, and G3. Conclusion: The growth performance of Haidong chicks is improved when 10 and 20 g/kg 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan is included in the diet; hence, it is suggested that 1,3-1,6 beta-glucan be included in poultry diet to reduce and replace the use of antibiotics.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.233-238
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• 2001

국내산 품종별, 보리, 귀리, 밀, 호미의 식이섬유 함량과 추출물의 점성을 분석하여 생리적 기능성이 높은 식물 소재로서의 활용성을 모색하였다. 평균 총 식이섬유함량은 보리 19.9%, 호밀 18.0%, 밀 15.9%귀리 groat 15.5%,보리쌀 9.7%의 순이었다. 수용성 식이섬유의 함량은 보리 6.6%, 호밀, 6.4%, 보리쌀 5.4%, 구리 .groat 4.9%밀 3.8%의순이었으며 ,밀과 호밀의 제분부산물인 bran은 경제적인 측면에서 활용성이 높은 식이섬유 소재인거승로 확인되었다. $\beta$-glucan 함량은 보리와 귀리에서 4.4.~4.5%로 유사하게 높았으며 호밀과 밀에서는 낮게 나타났다. 총 $\beta$-glucan 에대한 수용성 $\beta$-glucan 의 비율로 나타낸 용해성은 귀리와 보리순으로 높았으며 밀과 호밀에서는 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 식이섬유 추출물의 점도는 호밀, 보리쌀 귀리, groat. 밀의 순으로 높았으며, 맥류 품종의 수용성 식이섬유 함량이 높을수록 점도가 높을경향을 보여주었다. 국내산 맥류의 고점도 식이섬유는 생이기능성이 높은 건강식품소재로서의 활용가치가 클것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.785-788
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• 1998

Oat gum, a soluble dietary fiber, was extracted from rolled oat and the content of $\beta$-glucan and the cholesterol adsorption activity of oat gum were examined. The content of oat gum extracted from rolled oat was 5.15% and the amount of $\beta$-glucan in the oat gum was 29.48%. Most of the cholesterol adsorption of oat gum occurred within 10 hours in the dialysis cell and the cholesterol adsorption activity of oat gum was between 12 to 25%.