• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was conducted to test the effect of the 12 weeks brisk walking exercise program on body composition, blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid for middle-aged woman with obesity. Method: The subject were 25 obese women in 40-64 yr old who were composed of over 30% body fat. For the analysis, descriptive statistics, paired t-test were used for statical analysis with SPSS 15.0. Result: The results were summarized as follows: first, the body weight, body mass index (BMI), % body fat of the obese woman were significantly decreased after implementing the 12 weeks brisk walking exercise program (p<.5). Second, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose were significantly decreased after the 12 weeks brisk walking exercise program (p<.5). Third, the serum cholesterol was significantly decreased (p<.05) but serum triglyceride was not significantly decreased the after 12 weeks brisk walking exercise program. Conclusion: These results suggest that the brisk walking exercise program has an effect on decreasing body weight, BMI, percent body fat, blood pressure and serum cholesterol in middle-aged woman with obesity to reduce obesity and prevent chronic disease.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.444-450
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• 2008

The conventional studies of the aging effect on cardio-vascular system are mostly obtained from human experiences and can only provide local information. In this study, the effect of fatigue fracture of arterial wall on the blood pressure was investigated by hemodynamic analysis. The aging process was simulated with three stages. The pulse wave velocity increased with age. The systolic blood pressure increases consistently but diastolic blood pressure decreases with age. The simulated results show in good accordance with the clinical ones.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.126-136
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• 2013

This study was conducted in order to investigate the association between hypertension and oxidative stress-related parameters and to evaluate these parameters in subclinical hypertensive patients and normotensive subjects living in Korea. We attempted to determine whether oxidative stress-related parameters would differ between two groups of 227 newly-diagnosed, untreated (systolic blood pressure (BP) ${\geq}$ 130 mmHg and diastolic BP ${\geq}$ 85 mmHg) and 130 normotensive subjects (systolic BP < 120 mmHg and diastolic BP < 80 mmHg). General characteristics of the subjects were collected using a simple questionnaire. From subjects' blood, degree of DNA damage in lymphocytes, the activities of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, level of plasma total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), glutathione, and anti-oxidative vitamins, as well as plasma lipid profiles and conjugated diene (CD) were analyzed. Evaluation of the associations of oxidative stress-related parameters with blood pressure of the subjects was performed using Pearson partial correlation and multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding factors. Several oxidative stress-related parameters were higher in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Plasma levels of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, ${\beta}$-carotene, TRAP, and activity of GSH-px were significantly lower in subclinical hypertensive patients than in normotensive subjects. Increased levels of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol were observed in subclinical hypertensive patients. These results confirm an association between blood pressure and oxidative stress-related parameters and suggest that the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in hypertension might be significant.

• Journal of the Health Care and Life Science
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.309-316
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• 2021

This study was conducted to compare the cardiovascular-metabolic risk and mental health according to physical activity in postmenopausal women, in order to present basic data for health promotion of postmenopausal women. 4,453 postmenopausal women among the raw data of the 7th period (2017-2019) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used for the final analysis. Cardiovascular-metabolic was measured by waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, HDL -cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and triglycerides, and mental health was measured by depression and stress perception. As a result of the study, it was found that Korean postmenopausal women were more physically active as their waist circumference was smaller, systolic blood pressure was lower, diastolic blood pressure and HDL-cholesterol were higher. However, there was no difference in depression and stress perception. Consequently, it is considered that waist circumference, blood pressure, and HDL-cholesterol management are necessary to improve cardiovascular and metabolic functions in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.130-134
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• 2005

This study was conducted by surveying 616 male workers living in Ulsan City regarding their health status based on lifestyles such as alcohol consumption, smoking and exercising as well as physical measurements and biochemical tests. The average height, weight and BMI(body mass index, $kg/m^2$) of the subjects was 170.9cm, 70.2kg and 24.2, respectively. The rate of drinking was $80.9\%$ and the rate of smoking was $53.4\%$. Seventy four percent of subjects responded that they exercise regularly. The results of the blood biochemical tests revealed that the average hemoglobin concentration was 14.7g/dl, and the levels of GPT(glutamic pyruvic transaminase) and GOT (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) were 32.74unit/l, 26.99 unit/l, respectively. The average hemoglobin concentration for the subjects aged in the 50s was 14.39g/dl, which was significantly lower than those in the 20s(14.81g/dl), 30s(14.69g/dl) and 40s(14.73g/dl). The blood glucose level and the cholesterol level also increased with age. Also investigated was the blood pressure of the subjects increased with age,. and there was a significant increase(p < 0.05) for the subjects in the 50s compared to those in the 20s. The frequency of alcoholic beverages was significantly correlated with systolic/ diastolic blood pressure(p < 0.05) and $\gamma-GTP(gamma\;glutamyl\; transpeptidase)$(p<0.01). The duration of smoking showed a negative correlation(p < 0.05) with the hemoglobin and positive correlations with diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol and $\gamma-GTP(p<0.01)$. The study shows that blood pressure, blood glucose level, cholesterol level, GOT, GPT and $\gamma­GTP$ level, increase with age, which indicates higher possibility of degenerative diseases, calling for nutritional education in terms of advisable lifestyles regarding eating habits, alcohol consumption, smoking and regular exercise.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety and immune function in patients during cataract surgery. The hand massage program, in this study, consisted of hand massage and hand-holding. The subjects were sixty-three patients, thirty for the experimental and thirty-three for the control group, who were admitted at Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital for cataract surgery. This study was carried out from December 10, 1997 to February 26, 1998. The level of anxiety as measured by the Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate were measured before, after hand massage, and after hand-holding. Epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol, blood sugar levels, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and natural killer cell percentages also were measured before hand massage and five minutes before the end of the operation. Data were analyzed by t-tests, ANCOVA, repeated measures ANOVA, and Bonferroni multiple comparisons. The results were as follows : 1) After hand massage, psychological anxiety levels decreased significantly compared with before hand massage in the experimental group, not in the control group. After hand holding, there were significant decrease in both groups. 2) There were not significant differences on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rates in both groups. 3) The hand massage program decreased epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol significantly in the experimental group, and increased epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol in the control group. 4) There were no differences in blood sugar levels, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages in white blood cells after the hand massage program. However, natural killer cells in lymphocytes were significantly increased in the experimental group. These findings indicate that a hand massage program could be a effective nursing intervention in decreasing the psychological and physiological anxiety levels and improving immune function in clients having cataract surgery under local anesthesia.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the role of drinking pattern in the relationship of alcohol consumption by face-to-face interview in rural elderly(n=994) aged 60~64 in Dalsung County, April to September in 1996. Pattern of alcohol drinking included drinking status, alcohol drinking at the morning without breakfast, average drinks per day, frequency of drinks per month, quantity of alcohol drinking, kind of preferred alcoholic beverage and duration of alcohol drinking. Blood pressure was measured once in each subject using a portable automatic sphygmomanometer. Difference in means of systolic blood pressure, alcohol drinking status, alcohol drinking at the morning without breakfast, and kind of alcoholic beverage were statistically significant before adjusting covariates, but alcohol drinking status and alcohol drinking at the morning without breakfast were statistically significant after adjusting covariates. And difference in means of diastolic blood pressure, kinds of alcoholic beverage was statistically significant before adjusting covariates, but no variables was significant after adjusting covariates. Model I multiple regression for systolic blood pressure that included average drinks per day as the variable of drink pattern, age, educational attainment and, previous history of cardiovascular disease were statistically significant, and multiple regression for diastolic blood pressure, educational attainment, BMI, and previous history of cardiovascular disease were statistically significant. Model II multiple regression for systolic blood pressure that included drinking patterns variables except average drinks per day, previous history of cardiovascular disease were statistically significant. However, multiple regression for diastolic blood pressure, no variables were significant. So, inconsistent with prior research, a positive relationship was not found between average drinks per day and diastolic and systolic blood pressure. The effect of alcohol drinking patterns on blood pressure has public health as well as clinical relevance. The study should be replicated to determine the reliability of our findings.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.276-282
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• 2017

Perioperative hypertension is a phenomenon in which a surgical patient's blood pressure temporarily increases throughout the preoperative and postoperative periods and remains high until the patient's condition stabilizes. This phenomenon requires immediate treatment not only because it is observed in a majority of patients who are not diagnosed with high blood pressure, but also because occurs in patients with underlying essential hypertension who show a sharp increase in their blood pressure. The most common complication following facelift surgery is hematoma, and the most critical risk factor that causes hematoma is elevated systolic blood pressure. In general, a systolic blood pressure goal of <150 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure goal of >65 mm Hg are recommended. This article discusses the causes of increased blood pressure and the treatment methods for perioperative hypertension during the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative periods, in order to find ways to maintain normal blood pressure in patients during surgery. Further, in this paper, we review the causes of perioperative hypertension, such as anxiety, epinephrine, pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting. The treatment methods for perioperative hypertension are analyzed according to the following 3 operative periods, with a review of the characteristics and interactions of each drug: preoperative antihypertensive medicine (atenolol, clonidine, and nifedipine), intraoperative intravenous (IV) hypnotics (propofol, midazolam, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine), and postoperative antiemetic medicine (metoclopramide and ondansetron). This article focuses on the knowledge necessary to safely apply local anesthesia with IV hypnotics during facelift surgery without the assistance of an anesthesiologist.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.239-243
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of present study was to investigate effects of obesity, blood pressure and life style on lipid indices and blood pressure in men of age 40s. METHODS: One hundred forty five subjects in men of age 40s were participated in this study. All participants were taken physical examination, lifestyle survey and laboratory test. According to examination, participants were divided into two group in four categories ; obesity and normal group, hypertension and normal group, smokers and non-smokers, and drinkers and non-drinkers. The low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were analyzed by independent t-test for comparison between two groups. RESULTS: The values of LDL, TC, SBP, DBP were higher and HDL was lower in obesity than in normal group (p<.05). The values of LDL, TC, SBP, DBP were higher in hypertension group than in normal group (p<.05). The values of TG was higher and HDL was lower in smokers than in non-smokers (p<.05). There's no significant differences between drinkers and non-drinkers (p>.05). CONCLUSION: It can be seen that obesity and blood pressure were more relative risk factors than smoking and alcohol indices in cardiovascular diseases.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to investigate blood pressure and its related factors of middle-aged women in Korea. For the collection of data, 410 women aged between 45-54 were selected through stratified sampling techniques at urban and rural areas in Korea. They were interviewed from Oct. 15 through Nov. 14 by use of questionare. Descriptive statistical methods, multiple stepwise regression methods and multiple discriminant analysis by S.P.S.S. were used to analyze the data. The obtained result are summarized as follows. 1. Systolic B.P was 119.2 mmHg. mean pressure, Diastolic B.P. was 77.7 mmHg. mean pressure. 2. Systolic B.P. was related with the area and the ownership of house; it was accepted (P<05) 3. The most important factor affecting the B.P of middle-aged women were weight It was related with systolic pressure(0.176) and diastolic pressure(0.157) That is, this study showed that for the middle-aged women(45-54 yrs.), health education about weight control which can prevent ascending B.P should be demanded.