• Title/Summary/Keyword: Diaphragm movement

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Effect of Virtual Reality Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm Movement and Respiratory Function in Female Patients with Thoracic Restriction (가상현실을 이용한 흡기근 저항운동이 흉곽 움직임 제한이 있는 여성환자의 가로막 움직임과 호흡기능에 미치는 영향)

  • Jang, Myung-Soo;Choung, Sung-Dae;Shim, Jae-Hoon;Hong, Seong-Tae
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.101-110
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    • 2019
  • PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of virtual reality inspiratory muscle training and conventional inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm movement and pulmonary function in patients with thoracic restriction. METHODS: This study measured diaphragm movement, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and thoracic mobility (upper, middle, and lower trunk) under two different conditions. Forty young women between 19 and 24 years of age who had no history of orthopedic symptoms for the last 6 months were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed virtual reality inspiratory muscle training and diaphragm breathing, and the control group performed conventional inspiratory muscle training and diaphragm breathing. RESULTS: The control group showed a significant increase in all dependent variables except for lower trunk mobility and PEF. The experimental group showed a significant increase in all dependent variables except for lower trunk mobility. Particularly, the experimental group showed significant increases in diaphragm movement (p<.05), FVC (p<.05), FEV1 (p<.05), and PEF (p<.05) relative to the control group. CONCLUSION: We recommend inspiratory muscle training with a virtual reality program over conventional training to improve diaphragm movement and pulmonary function in patients with thoracic restriction.

Comparisons of Diaphragm Movement and Pulmonary Function Between Normal Children and Children With Cerebral Palsy (정상 아동과 뇌성마비 아동의 감소된 횡격막 움직임 및 호흡 기능의 비교)

  • Kang, Min-soo;Shim, Jae-hoon;Kang, Sun-young
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.12-21
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    • 2018
  • Background: Research efforts to improve the pulmonary function of children with cerebral palsy (CP) need to focus on their decreased diaphragmatic ability compared to normal children. Real-time ultrasonography is appropriate for demonstrating diaphragmatic mechanisms. Objects: This study aimed to compare diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, and pulmonary strength between normal children and children with CP by using ultrasonography M-mode. The correlation between general characteristics, diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, and pulmonary strength was also studied. Methods: The subjects of this study were 25 normal and 25 CP children between five and 14 years of age. Diaphragm movement was measured using real-time ultrasonography during quiet and deep breathing. Pulmonary function (such as forced expiratory volume in one second; FEV1 and peak expiratory flow; PEF) and pulmonary strength (such as maximum inspiratory pressure; MIP and maximum expiratory pressure; MEP) were measured. A paired t-test and Spearman's Rho test, with a significance level of .05, were used for statistical analysis. Results: The between-group comparison revealed that normal children had significantly greater diaphragm movement, FEV1, PEF, MIP, and MEP (p<.05) than CP children. The results showed that general characteristics were significantly related to FEV1, PEF, MIP, and MEP (p<.05). Conclusion: In clinical settings, clinicians need to concern decreased diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, and pulmonary strength in CP group compared to normal children.

The Immediate Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Diaphragm Movement and Pulmonary Function in Normal Women (들숨근 저항운동이 젊은 성인 여성의 가로막 움직임과 호흡기능에 미치는 즉각적인 효과)

  • Jeon, Hye-Weon;Shim, Jae-Hoon;Kang, Sun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.73-80
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    • 2018
  • PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of inspiratory muscle training on diaphragm movement and pulmonary function in healthy women. METHODS: The subjects of the study were 27 young women between ages 19 and 22 years who had no history of orthopedic damage for the last 6 months. The 27 participants were randomly selected and spontaneously participated and consented to the purpose of the study. This study measured diaphragm movement and pulmonary function under two different conditions, before and after inspiratory muscle training. Ultrasonography is appropriate for measuring diaphragm movement, and Pony Fx is appropriate to measure pulmonary function such as forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second ($FEV_1$), $FEV_1/FVC$ ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) before and after inspiratory muscle training. Paired t-test with a significant level of .05 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: As a result, diaphragm movement significantly increases 1.45cm from before inspiratory muscle training (p<.05). Also, FVC, $FEV_1$, and FEP significantly increase 11.25%, 6.96%, and 8.18%, respectively, from before inspiratory muscle training (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The diaphragm movement and pulmonary function of the healthy women in this study were in stantly affected by inspiratory muscle training. From these results, we need to confirm effects of inspiratory muscle training on clinical patients such as pulmonary disease.

Comparisons of Diaphragm Movement, Pulmonary Function, and Pulmonary Strength Among Exercise Methods in Children with Cerebral Palsy (뇌성마비 아동의 운동중재 방법에 따른 횡격막 움직임, 호흡기능, 호흡근력의 비교)

  • Kang, Min-Soo;Shim, Jae-Hoon;Kang, Sun-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.121-128
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    • 2018
  • PURPOSE: This study assessed the effect of exercise intervention methods on diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, and pulmonary strength in children with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: A total of 28 children with CP were randomly allocated to the general exercise group (n=9, GEG), respiratory exercise group (n=10, REG), and intensive exercise group (n=9, IEG). The exercise intervention was performed for 12 weeks. This study measured diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, and pulmonary strength under two different conditions before and after each exercise. Ultrasonography was used for measuring diaphragm movement, and Pony Fx was used to measure the forced expiratory volume in one second ($FEV_1$), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP), and maximum expiratory pressure (MEP). A Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA with a significance level of .05 were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Significant change was observed between the REG and the IEG as well as between the GEG and the IEG (p<.05). No significant difference was observed between the GEG and the REG. The diaphragm movement, $FEV_1$ PEF, MIP, and MEP were most improved in the IEG (p<.01). CONCLUSION: This study confirmed that intensive exercise is the most effective treatment method for improving diaphragm movement and respiratory function in CP children.

Change of Diaphragmatic Level and Movement Following Division of Phrenic Nerve (횡격막 신경 차단 후 횡격막 위치 및 운동의 변화)

  • 최종범;김상수;양현웅;이삼윤;최순호
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.35 no.10
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    • pp.730-735
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    • 2002
  • Diaphragm is innervated by phrenic nerve and lower intercostal nerves. For patients with avulsion injury of brachial plexus, an in situ graft of phrenic nerve is frequently used to neurotize a branch of the brachial plexus. We studied short-term and mid-term changes of diaphragmatic level and movement in patients with dissection of phrenic nerve for neurotization. Material and Method : Thirteen patients with division of either-side phrenic nerve for neurotization of musculocutaneous nerve were included in this study. With endoscopic surgical procedure, the intrathoracic phrenic nerve was entirely dissected and divided just above the diaphragm. The dissected phrenic nerve was taken out through thoracic inlet and neck wound and then anastomosed to the musculocutaneous nerve through a subcutaneous tunnel. With chest films and fluoroscopy, levels and movements of diaphragm were measured before and after operation. Result : There was no specific technical difficulty or even minor postoperative complications following endoscopic division of phrenic nerve. After division of phrenic nerve, diaphragm was soon elevated about 1.7 intercostal spaces compared with the preoperative level, but it did not show paradoxical motion in fluoroscopy. More than 1.5 months later, diaphragm returned downward close to the preoperative level (average level difference was 0.9 intercostal spaces; p=NS). Movement of diaphragm was not significantly decreased compared with the preoperative one. Conclusion : After division of phrenic nerve, the affected diaphragm did not show a significant decrease in movement, and the elevated diaphragm returned downward with time. However, the decreased lung volumes in the last spirometry suggest the decreased inspiratory force following partial paralysis of diaphragm.

Changes in The Pressure-Flow Control Characteristics of Shunt Valves Under Brain Pressure Pulsation (뇌압 펄스하에서 션트밸브의 압력-유량제어 특성곡선의 변화)

  • Hong Yisong;Lee Chong-Sun;Jang Jongyun
    • Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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    • 2002.08a
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    • pp.699-702
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    • 2002
  • Shunt valves implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of brain to treat patient with hydrocephalus were numerically simulated to investigate influence of pressure pulsation on their flow control characteristics. Shunt valves are subjected to pressure variation since ventricles enclosing the brain are under pressure pulsation rather than uniform pressure due to blood pressure variation. We modeled flow orifice through shunt valve and imposed pulsating pressure and valve diaphragm movement to compute flow through the valve. The results of our study indicated that flow rate increased by $40{\%}$ by introducing pressure pulsation and diaphragm movement on the shunt valve. Our results demonstrate the pressure-flow control characteristics of shunt valves unplanted above human brain may be quite different from the characteristics obtained by syringe pump test with uniform pressure and no diaphragm movement.

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Comparison of Chest Mobility, Diaphragm Movement, and Lung Capacity Between With and Without Bras in a Healthy 20s Adult Women (건강한 20대 성인여성의 브래지어 착용 여부에 따른 흉곽 가동성과 가로막 움직임 및 폐활량에 대한 비교)

  • Jeong, Ah-Reum;Lee, Ji-Hyun;Choung, Sung-Dae
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.281-286
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    • 2021
  • This study aims to compare chest mobility, diaphragm contraction, and lung capacity when wearing a bra and per breast size. The subjects of this study included 10 adult women who were attending Chungnam B University: 5 women who wear underwear size 75A (group A) and 5 who wear underwear size 85B (group B). The chest mobility using a tape measure, the diaphragm contraction using ultrasound, and the lung capacity was measured using a Pony FX before and after bra wear. The chest mobility and diaphragm contraction were significantly reduced when bras were worn in group A and B. Lung capacity was significantly decreased only in group A. There was no significant difference between the groups. This study suggests that women's bras can have a negative effect on diaphragm movement, chest mobility, and lung capacity.

THE THEORETICAL AND SITE BEHAVIOUR OF A BRACED DIAPHRAGM WALL-A COMPARISON

  • Kim, Hak-Moon
    • Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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    • 1990.10a
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    • pp.111-128
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    • 1990
  • Three numerical analysis carried out for the design of a diaphragm wall were examined by the results of field observation data. Utilizing the wall stiffness, supporting system and construction sequence, the relative merits of those factors on the analysis of diaphragm wall have been investigated and their effects are compared tilth the observed behaviour of the wall. The predicted bending moment and wall displacement by elasto-plastic method agreed well with the observed values. The rigid slab supported system (i.e Top-Down Method) found to be the most effective way of controlling ground movement.

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Effect on Respiratory Function of the General Adult by Gait Training Based on the Way in a Speed Pattern (속도 방식에 따른 보행훈련이 일반 성인의 호흡기능에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Hyung-Yoon;Cho, Woon-Soo;Choi, Ah-young;Kim, Yong-Seong
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.10
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    • pp.515-522
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    • 2018
  • The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of gait training based on the way in a speed pattern on the respiratory function of general adults. A total of 37 people were divided into three groups to conduct fast, standard, and interval gait training. For gait training, a treadmill was used. Three groups were trained for 60 minutes, three times per week, for a period of 6 weeks. Inspiration pressure, maximum inspiration volume, and the size of diaphragm movement were measured. Repeated Measures ANOVA was used to compare times, groups, and interactions. For inspiratory pressure, maximum inspiration volume, and size changes in diaphragm movement, there were significant differences depending on the time and interaction between times and groups. For size changes in diaphragm's movement, there was a significant difference between interval gait training group and standard gait training group. Therefore, interval gait training had effects on size changes in diaphragm movement.

Heart Axis Rotation Due to Exercise

  • Lee, Tae-Jun
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.1-18
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    • 1971
  • Eleven nonathletes and eleven athletes were exercised on a standardised Harvard step test, and the average rate of change in QRS amplitude in lead III of the electocardiogram associated with heart rotation and the average change in rate of heart beat were observed. 1. After the Harvard step exercise, the average rate of change in QRS amplitude in lead III of both groups increased. This was due to the clockwise rotation of the heart and was associated with respiratory movement. The diaphragm was inferred to remain for a while in a relatively more inspiratory position. 2. After the Halved step exercise, a high correlation between the recovery of the average rate of change in QRS amplitude in lead III and the average change in rate of heart beat was observed in the athletic group. 3. In the nonathletic group there was no significant correlation between the average rate of QRS amplitude change and the average rate of change of heart beat. 4. Athletes were assumed to be trained to ventilate quickly at their maximum ability, using deep descending movements of the diaphragm and other respiratory musclature. Consequently, the average in rate of heart beat also recovered quickly. 5. Nonathletes were inferred not to have been trained to adjust quickly to ventilate so efficiently with their diaphragm movement and other respiratory musculature, and are characterised by their longer time to complete recovery.

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