• Title/Summary/Keyword: Diagnostic imaging

Search Result 1,942, Processing Time 0.023 seconds

MR Study of Wate Exchange and Cell Membrane Permeability in Rat Liver Cells Using a Tissue-Specific MR Contrast Agent (조직 특성 MR 조영제를 이용한 쥐의 간세포막의 물분자 교환 및 투과율의 MR 측정기법)

  • Yongmin Chang
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    • /
    • v.2 no.1
    • /
    • pp.73-82
    • /
    • 1998
  • Purpose : A precise NMR technique for measuring the rate of water exchange and cell membrane permeability across the hepatocyte membrane using liver-specific MR contrast agent is described. Materials and Methods : The rat hepatocytes isolated by perfusion of the livers were used for the NMR measurements. All experiments were performed on an IBM field cycling relaxometer operating from 0.02MHz to 60 MHz proton Larmor frequency. spin-echo pulse sequence was empolyed to measure spin-lattice relaxation time, T1. The continuous distribution analysis of water proton T1 data from rat hepatocytes containing low concentrations of the liver specific contrast agent, Gd-EOB-DTPA, modeled by a general two compartment exchange model. Results : The mean residence time of water molecule inside the hepatocyte was approximately 250 msec. The lower limit for the permeability of the hepatocyte membrane was $(1.3{\pm}0.1){\;}{\times}{\;}10^{-3}cm/sec$. The CONTIN analysis, which seeks the natural distribution of relaxation times, reveals direct evidence of the effect of diffusive exchange. the diffusive water exchange is not small in the intracellular space in the case of hepatocytes. Conclusions : Gd-EOB-DTPA, when combined with continuous distribution analysis, provides a robust method to study water exchange and membrane permeability in hepatocytes. Water exchange in hepatocyte is much slower thatn that in red blood cells. Therefore, tissue-specific contrast agent may be used as a functional agent to give physiological information such as cell membrane permeability.

  • PDF

Liposclerosing Myxofibrous Tumor - A case report - (지방경화성 점액섬유종(Liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor) - 1예 보고 -)

  • Yoo, Chang-Young;Jung, Eun-Sun;Park, Gyeong-Sin;Lee, Youn-Soo;Jee, Won-Hee;Kang, Chang-Suk;Lee, Kyo-Young
    • The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.126-130
    • /
    • 2006
  • Liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor (LSMFT) is a fibro-osseous lesion of the bone with a marked predilection for the intertrochanteric region of the proximal femur. It is characterized by a complex mixture of histological elements including fibrous dysplasia-like features, myxofibrous tissue, lipomatous area, ischemic ossification, xanthoma cells and pseudo-Paget's bone. Though some consider LSMFT as a variant of the fibrous dysplasia, intraosseous lipoma, or other benign osseous lesions, recently LSMFT is emerged as a genuine clinicopathologic entity. We experienced a 48-year female patient with typical histologic and radiologic findings of LSMFT. It was located at the intertrochanteric area of the femur. Radiologically, the lesion was radiolucent and ground-glass appearance with sclerotic rim in the plain film and magnetic resonance imaging. Histologically, myxofibrous tissue, lipomatous area and fibrous dysplasia-like features were predominant findings.

  • PDF

The Clinical Accuracy of Endoscopic Ultrasonography and White Light Imaging in Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

  • Park, Soon-Hong;Sung, Sang-Hun;Lee, Seung-Jun;Jung, Min-Kyu;Kim, Sung-Kook;Jeon, Seong-Woo
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.99-107
    • /
    • 2012
  • Purpose: Gastric mucosal neoplastic lesions should have characteristic endoscopic features for successful endoscopic submucosal dissection. Materials and Methods: Out of the 1,010 endoscopic submucosal dissection, we enrolled 62 patients that had the procedure cancelled. Retrospectively, whether the reasons for cancelling the endoscopic submucosal dissection were consistent with the indications for an endoscopic submucosal dissection were assessed by analyzing the clinical outcomes of the patients that had the surgery. Results: The cases were divided into two groups; the under-diagnosed group (30 cases; unable to perform an endoscopic submucosal dissection) and the over-diagnosed group (32 cases; unnecessary to perform an endoscopic submucosal dissection), according to the second endoscopic findings, compared with the index conventional white light image. There were six cases in the under-diagnosed group with advanced gastric cancer on the second conventional white light image endoscopy, 17 cases with submucosal invasion on endoscopic ultrasonography findings, 5 cases with a size greater than 3 cm and ulcer, 1 case with diffuse infiltrative endoscopic features, and 1 case with lymph node involvement on computed tomography. A total of 25 patients underwent a gastrectomy to remove a gastric adenocarcinoma. The overall accuracy of the decision to cancel the endoscopic submucosal dissection was 40% (10/25) in the subgroup that had the surgery. Conclusions: The accuracy of the decision to cancel the endoscopic submucosal dissection, after conventional white light image and endoscopic ultrasonography, was low in this study. Other diagnostic options are needed to arrive at an accurate decision on whether to perform a gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Analysis of the Importance of Subjects to Improve the Educational Curriculum in the Radiological Science - Focused on Radiological Technologists - (방사선(학)과 교육과정 개선을 위한 교과목 중요도 분석 - 방사선사를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Jung-Hoon;Ko, Seong-Jin;Kang, Se-Sik;Kim, Dong-Hyun;Kim, Chang-Soo
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
    • /
    • v.35 no.2
    • /
    • pp.125-132
    • /
    • 2012
  • In this study a group of experts and clinical radiological technologists were surveyed to evaluate the clinical importance of current subjects in the radiological sciences. For the data collection and analysis, an open-ended questionnaire was distributed to the group of experts, and a multiple choice questionnaire was distributed to radiological technologists. Subjects were classified into 9 groups for analysis of the importance of subjects, and in regard to the questionnaire design for measurement of variables, departments and type of hospital were set up as independent variables, and the 9 groups of subjects were set up as dependent variables. As a result, clinical radiological technologists perceived Diagnostic Imaging Technology and practical courses, including general radiography, CT and MRI, as the most clinically necessary subjects, and the group of experts placed most weight on basic courses for the major. The result of this study suggests that the curriculum should be revised in a way that combines theory and practice in order to foster radiological technologists capable of adapting to the rapidly changing healthcare environment.

Cervical Paraganglioma Originated from Lingual Vein in a Boston Terrier Dog (보스턴 테리어에서 발생한 혀정맥 유래 목부위 곁신경절종 증례)

  • Jang, Hyo-Mi;Lee, Hee-Chun;Choi, Eul-Soo;Sur, Jung-Hyang;Jung, Dong-In
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
    • /
    • v.32 no.6
    • /
    • pp.508-510
    • /
    • 2015
  • A 7-year-old castrated male Boston terrier dog was referred due to dyspnea and unilateral cervical mass. On physical examination, mass on left submandibular region was palpated. CT findings revealed this case could be the tumor originated from left lingual vein. The client refused further treatment and the patient expired because of respiratory failure 10 days after presentation. On necropsy, a well-defined firm mass which located in the left side of larynx was detected. Histopathological findings for the mass indicated polygonal tumor cells arranged in nest and separated by fibrovascular septa. We performed immunohistochemisry to evaluate of chromogranin A and tumor cells showed positive immunoreactivity for chromogranin A. Based on computed tomography (CT), histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, this case was definitely diagnosed to paraganglioma of the body on the lingual vein. This report describes the clinical findings, CT imaging characteristics, histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of paraganglioma arised from lingual vein in a dog.

The shoulder diagnosis Scapula study of patients who visited the hospital (병원 내원한 환자 견갑골(scapula) 진단을 위한 연구)

  • Ahn, Byeong-Ju;Lee, Jun-Haeng
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.13-20
    • /
    • 2010
  • True lateral scapula image was very important to diagnosis the scapula fracture and dislocation induced by traumatic injury. The aim of this study was to know the patient rotation angle to be showing the scapula true lateral in korean. d Materials Thirty patients(22men, 8 women, mean ages 53.4)with scapular pain, had supine Anteroposterior projection taken with $30^{\circ}$, $40^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ trunk rotation angle changing the manual angulation material. Radiographs were evaluated independently by 5 experienced observers(1 orthopedics surgery specialist, 1 diagnostic radiology specialist, 3 radiological technologist) They assessed overlap of vertebral border and axillary border of scapula as follows; Totally overlapping of vertebral border and axillary border is 4, partially overlapping is 3, not overlapping is 2 and oblique location with two borders is 1. All observers scored using by PACS monitor.$30^{\circ}$ trunk rotation was scored $1.53{\pm}0.39$, $40^{\circ}$ trunk rotation was scored $3.83{\pm}0.15$ and $45^{\circ}$ trunk rotation was scored $2.17{\pm}0.43$. There was no difference(p<0.05) between group of more than 100cm of the girth of the chest and group of less than 100cm. Similarly, men and women group showed no difference(p<0.05) with trunk rotation statistically. There was no result of trunk rotation angle to radiograph the true scapula lateral image up to date. This studies were summarized as follows; Adaptation of $40^{\circ}$ trunk rotation was the best to show the true scapula lateral image in korean. Our results were very useful to get the true scapula lateral images in clinic.

A Case of Atypical Thrombotic Microangiopathy (비전형적 혈전성 미세병증 1례)

  • Oh, Ji Young;Park, Se Jin;Kim, Ki Hwan;Lim, Beom Jin;Jeong, Hyeon Joo;Ki, Jung Hye;Kim, Kee Hyuck;Shin, Jae Il
    • Childhood Kidney Diseases
    • /
    • v.17 no.2
    • /
    • pp.149-153
    • /
    • 2013
  • We report the case of a 14-year-old girl, diagnosed with atypical thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The patient presented with persistent fever, nausea, and newly developed peripheral edema. Her laboratory findings indicated chronic anemia with no evidence of hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, or elevated serum creatinine level. A few days after hospitalization, acute renal failure and fever worsened, and proteinuria developed. On day 40 of hospitalization, she experienced a generalized tonic seizure for 5 min, accompanied by renal hypertension. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome. After steroid pulse therapy, a renal biopsy was performed because of delayed recovery from thrombocytopenia. The biopsy findings showed features of thrombotic microangiopathic hemolysis with fibrinoid change restricted. Current diagnostic criteria for TMA have focused on thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome, and diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and etiology, with the consequence that idiopathic and atypical forms of TMA can be overlooked. Developing effective tools to diagnose TMA, such as studying levels of ADAMTS13 or testing for abnormalities in the complement system, will be the first step to improving patient outcomes.

The Value of Preoperative MRI and Bone Scan in Percutaneous Vertebroplasty for Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures (골다공증성 척추체 압박골절에 대한 경피적 척추성형술시 자기공명영상과 골 주사 검사의 의의)

  • Kim, Se Hyuk;Lee, Wan Su;Seo, Eui Kyo;Shin, Yong Sam;Zhang, Ho Yeol;Jeon, Pyoung
    • Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
    • /
    • v.30 no.7
    • /
    • pp.907-915
    • /
    • 2001
  • Objective : Percutaneous vertebroplasty is often complicated by the presence of multiple fractures or non-localizing pain in the patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The purpose of this study is to estimate the value of preoperative radiologic studies in the localization of symptomatic vertebrae and to determine the factors which can influence on the clinical results. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiologic data of 57 vertebrae in 30 patients underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Inclusion criteria was severe pain(McGill-Melzack score 3, 4 or 5) associated with the acute vertebral fractures and absence of spinal nerve root or cord compression sign. Acute symptomatic vertebral fracture was determined by the presence of signal change on MR images or increased uptake on whole body bone scan. Results : Pain improvement was obtained immediately in all patients and favorable result was sustained in 26 patients(86.7%) during the mean follow-up duration of 4.7 months(5 complete pain relief, 21 marked pain relief). Those who underwent vertebroplasty for all acute symptomatic vertebrae had significantly better clinical result than those who did not. Further vertebral collapse and eventual bursting fracture occurred in 1 vertebra which showed intradiskal leakage of bone cement and disruption of cortical endplate on postoperative CT scan. Conclusion : Preoperative MR imaging and whole body bone scan are very useful in determining the symptomatic vertebrae, especially in the patients with multiple osteoporotic vertebral fractures. To obtain favorable clinical result, the careful radiologic evaluation as well as clinical assessment is required. Control of PMMA volume seems to be the most critical point for avoiding complications.

  • PDF

A Patient Diagnosed with Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 5 associated with SPTBN2: Case Report (SPTBN2와 연관된 spinocerebellar ataxia type 5를 진단받은 환자)

  • Hur, Min woo;Ko, Ara;Lee, Hyun Joo;Lee, Jin Sung;Kang, Hoon-Chul
    • Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
    • /
    • v.25 no.3
    • /
    • pp.200-203
    • /
    • 2017
  • Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorders which disrupt the afferent and efferent pathways of the cerebellum that cause cerebellar ataxia. Spectrin beta non-erythrocytic 2 (SPTBN2) gene encodes the ${\beta}-III$ spectrin protein with high expression in Purkinje cells that is involved in excitatory glutamate signaling through stabilization of the glutamate transporter, and its mutation is known to cause spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. Three years and 5 months old boy with delayed development showed leukodystrophy and cerebellar atrophy in brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diagnostic exome sequencing revealed that the patient has heterozygous mutation in SPTBN2 (p.Glu1251Gln) which is a causative genetic mutation for spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. With the patient's clinical findings, it seems reasonable to conclude that p.Glu1251Gln mutation of SPTBN2 gene caused spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 in this patient.

Study on Synthesis of 68GeO2 and Behavior of 68Ga3+ for Generator Column (Generator 컬럼용 68GeO2 합성 및 68Ga3+의 거동에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Gun Gyun;Lee, Jun Young;Kim, Sang Wook;Hur, Min Gu;Yang, Seung Dae;Park, Jeong Hoon
    • Journal of Radiation Industry
    • /
    • v.10 no.4
    • /
    • pp.189-192
    • /
    • 2016
  • $^{68}Ga$ has emerged as a promising candidate for non-invasive diagnostic imaging within Positron Emission Tomography (PET) because of its advantageous radiochemical characteristics ($t_{1/2}=68min$, ${\beta}^+$ yield ~89%). $^{68}Ga$ forms a stable chelation with various ligands and it is possible to be quickly and easily study using a $^{68}Ge/^{68}Ga$ generator. Commercial $^{68}Ge/^{68}Ga$ generators are chromatographic system using the inorganic materials such as alumina and tin dioxide which are employed as column matrixes for $^{68}Ge$. In this study, we tried out to make $^{68}Ge/^{68}Ga$ generator system with the $^{68}GeO_2$ microstructures for column matrix. $^{68}Ge$ tends to have stable bond with oxide as $^{68}GeO_2$ microstructures. The $^{68}GeO_2$ has been synthesized by hydrolysis of $GeCl_4$ (sol-gel method) and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope for geometrical analysis. The stability of $GeO_2$ was tested using eluents with diverse solvents(water, ethanol and 0.1 N HCl). The radioactivity of $^{68}Ga^{3+}$ in eluate through $GeO_2$ was measured to prove a function as column material for a generator.