• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2005

Purpose : Early detection of small brain metastases is important. The purpose of this study was to compare the detectability of brain metastases according to the size between 1.5 T and 3.0 T MRI. Materials and Methods : We reviewed 162 patients with primary lung cancer who were examined for TNM staging. After administration of double dose of Gd-DTPA, MR imaging was performed with SPGR by 3.0 T MRI and then with T1 SE sequence by 1.5 T MRI. In each patient, three readers performed qualitative assessment. Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated in 3.0 T and 1.5 T MRI according to size. Using the signal intensity (SI) measurements between the metastatic nodules and adjacent tissue, nodule-to-adjacent tissue SI ratio was calculated. Results : Thirty-one of 162 patients had apparent metastatic nodules in the brain at either 1.5 T or 3.0 T MR imaging. 143 nodules were detected in 3.0 T MRI, whereas 137 nodules were detected at 1.5 T MRI. Six nodules, only detected in 3.0 T MRI, were smaller than 3.0 mm in dimension. Sensitivity, positive predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy in 3.0 T MRI were 100 %, 100 %, and 100 % respectively, and in 1.5 T MRI were 95.8%, 88.3%, and 85.1% respectively. SI ratio was significantly higher in the 3.0 T MRI than 1.5 T MRI (p=0.025). Conclusion : True positive rate of 3.0 T MRI with Gd-DTPA was superior to 1.5 T MRI with Gd-DTPA in detection of metastatic nodules smaller than 3.0 mm.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.1
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• pp.51-74
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• 2023

Multiple myeloma, which is a proliferative disease of plasma cells that originate from a single clone, is the second most common hematologic malignancy following non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In the past, its diagnosis was made based on clinical findings (so-called "CRAB") and a skeletal survey using radiographs. However, since the implementation of the International Myeloma Working Group's revised guideline regarding the radiologic diagnosis of multiple myeloma, whole-body (WB) MRI has emerged to play a central role in the early diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Diffusion-weighted imaging and fat quantification using Dixon methods enable treatment response assessment by MRI. In keeping with the trend, a multi-institutional and multidisciplinary consensus for standardized image acquisition and reporting known as the Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnostic System (MY-RADS) has recently been proposed. This review aims to describe the clinical application of WB-MRI based on MY-RADS in multiple myeloma, discuss its limitations, and suggest future directions for improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.84 no.3
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• pp.666-675
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• 2023

Purpose This study aimed to determine whether the attenuation coefficient (AC) from attenuation imaging (ATI) was correlated with visual US assessment in patients with hepatic steatosis. Moreover, it aimed to assess whether the patient's blood chemistry results and CT attenuation were correlated with AC. Materials and Methods Patients who underwent abdominal US with ATI between April 2018 and December 2018 were included in this study. Patients with chronic liver disease or cirrhosis were excluded. The correlation between AC and other parameters, such as visual US assessment, blood chemistry results, liver attenuation, and liver-to-spleen (L/S) ratio, were analyzed. AC values according to visual US assessment grades were compared using analysis of variance. Results A total of 161 patients were included in this study. The correlation coefficient between US assessment and AC was 0.814 (p < 0.001). The mean AC values for the normal, mild, moderate, and severe grades were 0.56, 0.66, 0.74, and 0.85, respectively (p < 0.001). Alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly correlated with AC (r = 0.317, p < 0.001). The correlation coefficients between liver attenuation and AC and between L/S ratio and AC were -0.702 and -0.626, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion Visual US assessment and AC showed a strong positive correlation with the discriminative value between the groups. Computed tomography attenuation and AC showed a strong negative correlation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.57-62
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• 2013

Despite the many advantages of magnetic resonance imaging in orthopedic prosthetic body image distortion to the differences in the magnetic susceptibility occurs. Attached to the phantom and pork produced by the same $65{\times}15{\times}2mm$ stainless steel and titanium specimen examined the relationship between magnetic resonance imaging and phantom images, the signal intensity changes of the subcutaneous tissue, fat-suppressed quantitative assessment of the degree through the length of image distortion and pig bones. Stainless steel to titanium to 2.8 times 4.4 times in the longitudinal direction than in the direction of the height of large image distortion, signal strength is relatively low 58.5%. Normal 56.2% compared to the subcutaneous tissue, fat-suppressed, were stainless steel 16.04%, 54.53% titanium. Experimental results than the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images of stainless steel with a titanium metal if better could see.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop an evidence-based clinical imaging diagnostic guideline for implant planning, taking into account efficacy, benefits, and risks. Materials and Methods: The guideline development process employed the adaptation methodology used for Korean clinical imaging guidelines(K-CIG). Core databases(Ovid-Medline, Ovid-Embase, National Guideline Clearinghouse, Guideline International Network) and domestic databases (KoreaMed, KMbase, and KoMGI) were searched for guidelines. The retrieved articles were analyzed by 2 reviewers, and articles were selected using well-established inclusion criteria. Results: The search identified 294 articles, of which 3 were selected as relevant guidelines. Based on those 3 guidelines, 3 recommendations for implant planning were derived. Conclusion: We recommend radiography or cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning for individual patients judged to require a cross-sectional image after reading of a panoramic X-ray image and a conventional intraoral radiological image. Various steps should be taken to raise awareness of these recommendations among clinicians and the public, and K-CIG should be regularly reviewed and revised.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2012

Pediatric head and neck phantom, using the rate by focusing distance and grid images, Image J using the Quality Assessment and Dose Area Product compared. X-ray laboratory equipment due to the Philips Digital DIAGNOST a 110 cm FFD set and using ACE Non-grid, focusing distance 110 cm (12 : 1), 140 cm (12 : 1), 180 cm (8 : 1) Focused grid, Acryl Phantom (Fluke Model 76-2 Series Phantom) 15.24 cm, by resolution chart image acquisition, image evaluation program (Image J Ver. 1.4.3.67, USA) imaging experiments were analyzed using. Dose Area Product in the Non Grid 0.028 $mGy{\cdot}cm^2$, focusing distance 110 cm (12 : 1), the 0.129 $mGy{\cdot}cm^2$, 140 cm (12 : 1), the 0.135 $mGy{\cdot}cm^2$, 180 cm (8 : 1) was measured with a 0.110 $mGy{\cdot}cm^2$ Non Grid, focusing distance 110 cm (12 : 1), 140 cm (12 : 1), 180 cm (8 : 1) Image obtained when grid using the image J program focusing distance 110 cm with grid based on the measured SNR and PSNR Non Grid if the SNR the 17.307 dB, PSNR of the 20.002 dB, if the SNR 28.755 dB, PSNR was measured by the 31.451 dB. Image J image analysis through the streets, rather than focusing on grid by the rate that could see an increase in dose. Select the grid by a small dose rate reduction is possible.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.8-26
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• 1983

Various early pregnancy diagnostic methods have been developed in order to improve the reproductive efficiency in cow, mare, mule, sow, sheep, goat, dog, cat, rabbit, buffalo, camel, elephant, monkey, deer, lion, coipus and guinea pig. These methods include abdominal swelling, abdominal palpation, esturs cylce detection, Lupin test, gonadotropin assay, colostrum injection test, sperm motility assessment, cervical mucus viscosity test, Kaber chromagens method, estrogen test, A Scheim-Zond다 test, spectrophotometric detection of estrogen in urine and feces, boric acid crystraline formation test in urine, oxytocin injection test, diamino-oxidase test, PMSG HA test, behaviour test, Simolus iodine detection test, detection of tryptophane in urine, x-ray method, Cuboni and Lunaas method, vaginal biopsy method, Friedmann Schneider diagnostic method, electrode method, barium chloride detection method, ECG, Doptone method, ultrasound method, ultrasound scanning method, LDH method, rectal palpation method, CL palpation method, radioautography, serum creatine test, serum globulin test, chlormadine method, CAP method, Medata Do, pp.ers method, body fluid test, Plasma oCS detection method, ERIA, LHRH method, negative latex cogulation test and oestrone sulphate detection method. The most reliable methods with high a, pp.icability to farm animals such as sheep, mare, sow and cow are rectal palpation, ultrasound method and hormonal assay in blood and milk. However, they require complicated laboratory works for the early diagnosis of pregnancy and in most cases, the simple and economical methods which are described up to now need a long period of time after conception. Generally, it is possible to detect pregnancy after one estrus cycle, even though it varies depending on the species of animals. For improvement of the reproductive efficiency, it is required to develop a more accurate, economical, simple and early detectable method. It is anticipated that the result of a study on the detection method of EPF(early pregnancy factor) would be a, pp.icable to various animals within 6 hours after conception.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.292-305
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic assessment on the level of health status, and quality of life of the health care beneficiaries registered in health management programs of public health centers. In order to investigate the level of health status and the quality of life and to find factors affecting them, the PRECEDE model, that was developed by Green, et al. for the purpose of a comprehensive diagnostic research, was used. Method: The subjects were 81 residents who resided K-gu, Seoul. Data were collected from September, 1999 to August, 2000 using a self reported questionnaire. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, Kruskall-Wallis test, Pearson's correlation coefficient. and path analysis. Results: 1. The quality of life and the level of health promoting lifestyle were moderate or more, but were not significantly different by sex, age, marital status, educational level. occupation, and monthly household income. 2. Self-efficacy was significantly correlated to be a perceived benefit, social support and health-promoting lifestyle. Perceived benefit had a significant correlation with social support and health promoting lifestyle. There was also a significant correlation between the level of satisfaction, and the availability of the health promotion program. 3. Social support, health promoting lifestyle, and health status were found to influence the quality of life directly, whereas self efficacy and perceived benefit affected the quality of life indirectly through social support. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the health promotion program should include strategies to strengthen self efficacy and perceived benefit to enhance social support, and to encourage health promoting behaviors in order to improve the quality of life of the health care beneficiary.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.57 no.7
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• pp.317-322
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• 2014

Purpose: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common disorder in school-aged children. Patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS) often present with ADHD symptoms and vice versa. This study was the first to attempt to identify the prevalence of RLS and sleep problems in children with ADHD in Korea. Methods: Patients diagnosed with ADHD were asked to complete a sleep questionnaire. The sleep questionnaire included items to help identify the presence of four typical symptoms that are used as diagnostic criteria for RLS. Results: A total of 56 patients, including 51 boys and 5 girls (mean age, 10.7 years old) participated. Of these, 24 complained of pain, discomfort, or an unpleasant sensation in the legs. Based on the RLS diagnostic criteria, 2 patients were diagnosed with definite RLS and 4 with probable RLS. There were no significant differences in age, medication dosage, or neuropsychological test scores between the patients with and without RLS symptoms. Conclusion: Approximately 42.9% of patients with ADHD presented with RLS symptoms and 7.1% of these were diagnosed with RLS. Patients with ADHD also experienced various other sleep disorders. Thus, appropriate assessment and treatment for sleep disorders in patients with ADHD is essential.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.123-131
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• 2017

Objective : The PTSD Checklist (PCL) is a self-report screen for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) that can be scored for both diagnostic assessment and symptom severity measurement. The most recent revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) contains a number of changes to the definition of PTSD, and the aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Korean version of the PCL for the DSM-5 (PCL-5-K). Methods : The participants were 204 Korean veterans of the Vietnam War who completed the PCL-5-K, the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE), PTSD module of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, Research Version (SCID5-RV PTSD module), Korean version of Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R-K) and Combat Exposure Scale (CES-K). Results : The PCL-5-K demonstrated good internal consistency (${\alpha}=0.972$) and test-retest reliability (r=0.96); the suggested cut-off score for PTSD diagnosis was ${\geq}37$ with 0.88 sensitivity and 0.96 specificity. The PCL-5-K scale correlated highly with the IES-R-K and CES-K. Factor analysis identified only one factor. Conclusion : Among elderly Korean veterans of the Vietnam War, the PCL-5-K demonstrated similar psychometric qualities to those of both the original PCL and subsequent versions. It is expected that the PCL-5-K will be a useful PTSD screening tool.