• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.481-490
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• 2016

This study was designed to examine the effects of Allium hookeri (AH) on plasma blood glucose and fat profile levels in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats through injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer into tail veins at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were then fed for 4weeks, with the experimental groups receiving a modified diet containing 5% or 10% powder derived from AH roots. The experimental groups were divided into four groups, consisting of a control group, STZ-control group, and diabetic fed with AH 5% & 10% treated groups. Rats' body weights, blood glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA) values in plasma were measured along with hematocrit (Hct) values and aminotransferase activities. Body weight losses were observed in the STZ-control group, whereas the STZ-AH group of diabetic rats gained weight. There was a significantly decrease in brain weight of the STZ-AH group but no significant differences in kidney and liver weights of the STZ-AH 5% & STZ-AH 10% groups compared to the STZ-control group. Blood glucose was significantly reduced in the STZ-AH 5% & STZ-AH 10% diabetic groups. There were no significant differences in total cholesterol and TG levels among the diabetic groups. HDL-cholesterol significantly increased while FFA significantly decreased in the STZ-AH 5% & STZ-AH 10% diabetic groups. The Hct level of the STZ-AH group was lower than that of the STZ-control group. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was significantly reduced in the STZ-AH 5% & STZ-AH 10% diabetic groups. These results indicate that supplementation with Allium hookeri root may have beneficial effects on diabetic complications as a potential therapeutic candidate.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.12-18
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• 2001

Background: It is controversial whether the change in nitric oxide (NO) expression in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) may be responsible for developtment and/or maintenance of painful diabetic neuropathy. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of NO in the pathogenesis of painful diabetic neuropathy. Methods: The effect of L-nitroargine methylester (L-NAME) or sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on allodynia was measured in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. NO concentration was measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of the diabetic rats. NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry was performed on the DRG and spinal cords of the STZ-induced diabetic rats. Results: L-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, alleviated allodynia, while SNP, a nitric oxide donor, aggravated allodynia in diabetic rats. Plasma NO level in the diabetic rats was significantly decreased compared with control rats. NO level in the CSF of diabetic rats did not differ from that of the control rats. NADPH-d positive cells were decreased in the DRG of diabetic rats. However, NADPH-d histochemistry in the diabetic spinal cord was not different from that of the control rats. Conclusions: Downregulation of NO expression in the diabetic rats may not be causally related to the development and/or maintenance of painful diabetic neuropathy.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.117-123
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• 2005

Background: Reduced deformability of red blood cells (RBCs) may play an important role on the pathogenesis of chronic vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. However, available techniques for measuring RBC deformability often require washing process after each measurement, which is not optimal for day­to-day clinical use at point of care. The objectives of the present study are to develop a device and to delineate the correlation of impaired RBC deformability with diabetic nephropathy. Methods: We developed a disposable ektacytometry to measure RBC deformability, which adopted a laser diffraction technique and slit rheometry. The essential features of this design are its simplicity (ease of operation and no moving parts) and a disposable element which is in contact with the blood sample. We studied adult diabetic patients divided into three groups according to diabetic complications. Group I comprised 57 diabetic patients with normal renal function. Group II comprised 26 diabetic patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Group III consisted of 30 diabetic subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on hemo-dialysis. According to the renal function for the diabetic groups, matched non-diabetic groups were served as control. Results: We found substantially impaired red blood cell deformability in those with normal renal function (group I) compared to non-diabetic control (P = 0.0005). As renal function decreases, an increased impairment in RBC deformability was found. Diabetic patients with chronic renal failure (group II) when compared to non-diabetic controls (CRF) had an apparently greater impairment in RBC deformability (P = 0.07). The non-diabetic cohort (CRF), on the other hand, manifested significant impairment in red blood cell deformability compared to healthy: control (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: The newly developed slit ektacytometer can measure the RBC deformability with ease and accuracy. In addition, progressive impairment in cell deformability is associated with renal function loss in all patients regardless of the presence or absence of diabetes. In diabetic patients, early impairment in RBC deformability appears in patients with normal renal function.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.724-730
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• 1998

Effects of raw soy flour(RSY) and black(RSB) feeding on protein concentration of liver and serum, and GOT, GPT and alkaline phosphatase activities of serum in diabetic and nondiabetic rats were studied. Male rats(Sprague-Dawley), mean weight of (338.4$\pm$19.2g) were assigned to six dietary groups and fed with the assigned diet for 28 days. For each experimental, some rats were injected with streptozotocin intraperitoneally(L.P.) to induce diabets, and other rats were injected with buffer L.P. as a control group. The liver, kidney and spleen weights relative to bo요 weigth were higher in raw yellow soy flour diet diabetes(D-RSY) and black soy flour diet diabetes(D-RSB) groups than control, but the body weights were lower than control. The protein and albumin concentrations of liver and serum were lower in D-RSY and D-RSB groups than control. The albumin concentration of serum in D-RSB group was lower than control. The GOT activities of serum in RSY and RSB groups were increased compared with control, but the GPT activities were lower in diabetic control, D-RSY and D-RSB groups than control. The alkaline phosphatase activities of serum in RSY and RSB groups were higher than control, but those in D-RSY and D-RSB groups were lower than diabetic control.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2007

This study was designed to examine the effects of Salicornia herbacea L. (glasswort: GW) on the plasma blood glucose and lipid metabolites in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200-220g by an injection of streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in a citrate buffer into the tail vein at a dose of 45 mg/kg of body weight. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93 recommended diet and the experimental groups were fed a modified diet containing 10% and 20% of glasswort powder for 4 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into 6 groups which consisted of normal (N)-control group, N-GW 10% and N-GW 20% treated groups, STZ-control, STZ-GW 10% and STZ-GW 20% treated groups. The rats' body weights, aminotransferase activities and hematocrit (Hct) values were measured, along with plasma levels of glucose, protein, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acids (FFA). The non-diabetic rats gained weight, while the diabetic rats lost weight. There were significant differences between the control group and the diabetic groups in the weight of the kidney, liver and pancreas. Asparate aminotransferase activity was lower in the non-diabetic control group compared to diabetic experimental groups, even though the difference was not significant. The plasma protein of N-GW 20% group was lower among all experimental groups but it was not significantly different. The blood glucose levels of the STZ-GW 10% group and STZ-GW 20% group were significantly lower than for the diabetic-control group. There were no significant difference of cholesterol levels among diabetic groups. The normal rats of 20% glasswort group in FFA and TG levels showed significant changes among all groups. These results exhibited dose related effect of glasswort and it may contain antihypoglycemic compounds.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of plums produced in Gimcheon area on the glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic control, Diabetes-low plum (containing 10% plum powder), and Diabetes-high plum (containing 20% plum powder). The animals were fed isocaloric experimental diets based on an AIN-76 diet for 6 weeks. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) of the diabetic groups were significantly lower than that of the control. On the other hand, among the diabetic groups, the FER of the high plum intake group was higher than that of the diabetic control. The liver weight per 100 g body weight of each group was similar but the liver weights tended to decrease as the amount of plum intake was increased. Kidney weight per 100 g body weight of the plum intake groups were significantly different compared to that of the diabetic control. The supplementation of plums lowered the fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic groups and improved the glucose tolerance, thereby lowering the glycosylated hemoglobin index. In addition, the supplementation of plum was lowered the blood total cholesterol concentration and increased the HDL-C/TC (%) significantly, thereby lowering the atherosclerotic index (AI) and hepatic peroxide level. A steady diet of plums produced in Gimcheon may be effective in controlling the blood glucose level and preventing chronic diabetes mellitus.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.831-838
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• 1996

STZ 유발 당뇨쥐에 날메밀, 볶은메밀, 찐메밀을 식이의 50%가 되도록 각각 혼합한 메밀식 이를 급여하여 2주간 사육시킨 후 변의 단백질 함량, 췌장무게, 췌장의 $\alpha-amylase,$ chymotrypsin, lipase환성 및 변의 $\alpha-amylase,$ chymotrypsin, trypsin 활성을 각각 측정하였다. 변중 단백질 함량은 당뇨대조군에 비하여 당뇨날메밀군, 당뇨볶은메밀군, 당뇨찐메밀군에서 각각 99%, 91%, 103% 유의적으로 증가하였으며 , 췌장 무게는 당뇨대조군과 비교하여 당뇨날메밀군에서 24% 유의적으로 증가하였다. 췌장의 $\alpha-amylase$ 및 lipase 환성은 당뇨대조군과 당뇨메밀군들 사이에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나 chymotrypsin 활성은 당뇨찐메밀군에서 45% 유의적으로 감소하였다. 변의 $\alpha-amylase활성은$ 당뇨대조군과 당뇨메밀군들 사이에 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, chymotrypsin 활성은 모든 당뇨메밀군들에서, trypsin 활성은 당뇨볶은메밀군에서 유의적으로 증가하였다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2003

This study was designed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of Benincasa hispida (Wax gourd) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in the male rats by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose of 45 mg/kg dissolved in citrate buffer. The diabetic animals then had plasma glucose concentration of above 300mg/dl. The experimental groups were divided into five groups; normal, STZ-control and three Wax gourd groups (5%, 10% and 20% intake groups). Normal and STZ-control groups were fed on a AIN-93 diet and experimental groups were fed a AIN-93 diet with the Wax gourd powder (5%, 10% and 20%/kg diet) for 4 weeks. The body weight, diet intake and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were monitored. The blood glucose and cholesterol levels were determined everyweek. After 4 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and the levels of glucose, insulin, cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acids in plasma and levels of glycogen in liver and muscle were analyzed. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. The weight gain and feed efficiency ratios in 15 and 20% Wax gourd groups were higher than in STZ-control group. The plasma glucose levels were significantly lower in all Wax gourd groups than in STZ-control group. The plasma insulin levels in diabetic groups were not significantly different compared to the normal group, but the level of 20% Wax gourd group was higher than other diabetic groups. The experimental diabetic groups showed the higher levels of muscle glycogen compared to STZ-control group. The lower levels of plasma cholesterol were noticed in 20% Wax gourd group throughout the experimental period. The plasma level of triglyceride was elevated in STZ-diabetic control and the levels were slightly decreased in Wax gourd groups. Rats of 10% Wax gourd group showed the lower levels of plasma free fatty acids. It is suggested, from the results, that the possibility of therapeutic or preventive use of wax gourd to the diabetes mellitus.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cognitive behavioral stress management program on diabetic self-care and glycemic control with type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: Thirty three diabetic patients who were older than 40 were recruited from a public health center and conveniently assigned into both experimental(n=16) and control groups(n=17). Participants in the experimental group had attended the weekly cognitive behavioral program for 8 weeks. Data were collected from June 2005 to August 2006 and analyzed by independent t-test using the SPSS WIN program. Results: After an 8 week intervention, participants in the experimental group reported on increasement of diabetic self-care behaviors and an increasement of blood glucose levels, which were significantly different from those in the control group. Conclusion: On the basis of those findings, we concluded that the cognitive behavioral stress management program has positive effects on diabetic self-care and glycemic control for the patients with DM. Further research is needed to identify the long-term effects of the cognitive behavioral program.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.218-226
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• 2008

The present study evaluated the effects of various dosages of soybean isoflavone extract on lipid profiles, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant activities in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The one normal control group was fed an AIN-76-based experimental diet and four diabetic groups were fed the same diet, supplemented with four different levels of soybean isoflavone extract for seven weeks. The daily dosages of pure isoflavone for four diabetic groups were set to be 0 mg (diabetic control), 0.5 mg (ISO-I), 3.0 mg (ISO-II) and 30.0 mg (ISO-III) per kilogram of body weight, respectively. The plasma total cholesterol levels and the TBA-reactive substances contents in the liver and kidney were significantly lowered in ISO-II and ISO-III groups compared to those in the diabetic control group. The levels of plasma HDL-cholesterol, plasma vitamin A and hepatic superoxide dismutase were significantly increased in those two groups compared with the diabetic control group. The present study demonstrated the possibility that the diets supplemented with 3.0 mg and 30.0 mg of soybean isoflavone extract may have beneficial effects on the plasma lipids, tissue lipid peroxidation and partly on antioxidant system in diabetic animals and there were no significant differences between the ISO-II and ISO-III groups. The results suggest that the effective daily dosage level of isoflavone for improving lipid metabolism in diabetic rats may be above 3.0 mg per kilogram body weight.