• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.1269-1279
• /
• 2019

In medical image analysis, segmentation is considered as a vital process since it partitions an image into coherent parts and extracts interesting objects from the image. In this paper, we consider automatic segmentations of OCT retinal images to find six layer boundaries using convolutional neural networks. Segmenting retinal images by layer boundaries is very important in diagnosing and predicting progress of eye diseases including diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, and AMD (age-related macular degeneration). We applied well-known CNN architecture for general image segmentation, called Segnet, U-net, and CNN-S into this problem. We also proposed a shortest path-based algorithm for finding the layer boundaries from the outputs of Segnet and U-net. We analysed their performance on public OCT image data set. The experimental results show that the Segnet combined with the proposed shortest path-based boundary finding algorithm outperforms other two networks.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제44권6호
• /
• pp.539-544
• /
• 2000

Many diabetic patients develop serious complications during the course of the disease, including cardiovascalar disorders, nepropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy. Because some physiological changes occurring in diabetes mellitus patients could alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs used to treat the disease, the pharmacokinetics of gentamycin was investigated after intravenous administration (2 mg/kg) to control rabbits and acute or chronic alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus rabbits (AIDRs). After intravenous administration, the serum concentrations of gentamycin were significantly higher between 6 and 12 hr in chronic AIDRs compared with those in control rabbits. The AUC was significant greater in chronic ($31.91\;{\pm}\;3.76\;{\mu}g/ml{\cdot}hr$) AIDRs than that in control ($21.60\;{\pm}\;2.45\;{\mu}g/ml{\cdot}hr$) rabbits. Total body clearance (CLt) in AIDRs were significantly decreased compared with that in control rabbits. Cumulative urinary excretion of gentamycin was decreased, although not significantly, in AIDRs compared with that in control rabbits.

• 환경생물
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.8-13
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 BRECs에서 AGEs로 유도된 세포의 이동 및 침윤에 있어서 AuNP의 역할에 관한 연구이다. 소 망막으로부터 내피세포를 분리하고, 세포 생존율은 MTT assay로 확인하였다. Wound migration assay는 BRECs의 이동력을 확인하기 위해 수행하였다. Tube formation은 on-gel system을 통해 확인하였다. AuNP의 apoptosis 유도는 caspase-3 assay를 통해 확인하였다. AGE-BSA은 세포증식 및 이동에 있어서 증가함을 보여주었다. 또한 AuNP는 AGE-BSA 존재 유무에 상관없이 세포의 증식, 이동, 신생혈관 형성을 억제하였고, caspase-3을 통해 apoptosis를 유도하였다. 이러한 결과, AuNP는 AGE로 유도된 신생혈관 형성 및 세포의 이동성을 억제하는 약재제로서, 당뇨성 합병증에 있어서 잠재적으로 중요한 분자가 될 것이다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the degree of senile macular degeneration in elders aged 65 or older and identify factors associated with senile macular degeneration in elders within communities. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional descriptive study were 388 elders without cataract, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy. Data were collected through face to face interviews using a questionnaire in an urban area from June 2010 to December 2011. To detect senile macular degeneration, the participants' self-tests were carried out with Amsler grid testing. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the effects of health behavior and knowledge about eye health on senile macular degeneration. Results: The proportion of participants with senile macular degeneration was 11.6%. Factors that significantly increased the risk of senile macular degeneration included eye discomfort and history of ophthalmic examination (p<.05). Factors that significantly decreased the risk of senile macular degeneration included regular change of magnifiers, non-use of magnifiers, and knowledge about preventive effects of non-smoking and antioxidant vitamin intake on senile macular degeneration (p<.05). Conclusion: This study showed that programs for preventing senile macular degeneration were necessary for elders within communities and the results of this study can be used for developing those programs.

• 대한기관식도과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기관식도과학회 1977년도 제11차 학술대회연제 순서 및 초록
• /
• pp.3.3-3
• /
• 1977

1976년 1월부터 동년 12월까지 본병원 당뇨병진료실을 방문하여 당뇨병으로 진단된 환자 중 청력검사를 시행한 43례(남자 25례, 여자 18례)와 그중 청각장애자 8례를 대상으로 임상적 소견 및 그 상호관계를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 당뇨병환자 43례 중 청각장애자는 8례이며, 청력형은 고음급추형 및 고음점경향이 대부분이다. 2) 중연속 및 고연령층에 청각장애자의 출현빈도가 높다. 3) 이식기간과는 무관하나, 혈당치 및 혈청총 cholesterol치와는 어느 정도 상관관계가 있다. 4) 강막증, 고혈압증 및 신경증 등 합병증을 동반한 례에 청각장애자가 많다. 5) 당뇨병환자의 청각장애의 성립요인은 단일한 것이 아니고 여러가지 요소가 관여하는 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
• /
• 제4권1호통권4호
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 1998

Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is considered to be involved in many pathological symptoms such as diabetic retinopathy, arthritis, inflammation and solid tumour. In particular, it is thought that angiogenesis is critical for development and growth of solid tumour. Recent study shows that there is a highly significant association of microvessel density with overall survival and relapse-free survival in patients with breast tumour In this study, the inhibition effect of angiogenesis of traditional herbs used for the treatment of cancer was examined. It was found out that the extract of Agaricus blazei by boiling water is a possible inhibitor of angiogenesis. It inhibited normal developmental angiogenesis In the chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryos and also inhibited capillary-like tube formation by endotherial cells on matrigel in vitro. These results suggest that Agaricus blazei can be a potent angiogenesis inhibitor.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.389-402
• /
• 2023

Multivariate or clustered failure time data often occur in many medical, epidemiological, and socio-economic studies when survival data are collected from several research centers. If the data are periodically observed as in a longitudinal study, survival times are often subject to various types of interval-censoring, creating multivariate interval-censored data. Then, the event times of interest may be correlated among individuals who come from the same cluster. In this article, we propose a unified linear regression method for analyzing multivariate interval-censored data. We consider a semiparametric multivariate accelerated failure time model as a statistical analysis tool and develop a generalized Buckley-James method to make inferences by imputing interval-censored observations with their conditional mean values. Since the study population consists of several heterogeneous clusters, where the subjects in the same cluster may be related, we propose a generalized estimating equations approach to accommodate potential dependence in clusters. Our simulation results confirm that the proposed estimator is robust to misspecification of working covariance matrix and statistical efficiency can increase when the working covariance structure is close to the truth. The proposed method is applied to the dataset from a diabetic retinopathy study.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.741-749
• /
• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between reversed circadian blood pressure and risk factors of peripheral vascular disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. The subjects in this study were 18 NIDDM patients who were hospitalized in a medical unit of an university medical center located in Incheon, Korea, between November, 1998 and March, 1999. Blood pressure was measured with a mercury sphygmomanometer by 2 trained examiners every 2 hours during 24 hours. NIDDM subjects were divided into a dipper group and non-dipper group. Dippers are defined as those who show a mean nighttime blood pressure(BP) drop of more than 10% compared with daytime BP. Non-dippers are defined as those who show a mean nighttime BP drop of less than 10%, or an elevation in BP compared with daytime BP. Daytime BP included values obtained between 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. Night time BP included values obtained between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m. Data was analyzed by SPSS/PC package. Chi-square( $^2$) test was used for the comparison of sex between The dipper group and non-dipper group. Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons of values of the risk factors of peripheral vascular disease and the frequency of complications of diabetes between the dipper group and non-dipper group. The results are as follows. There were no significant differences in daytime systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures between the dipper group and non-dipper group. However, night time systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressures in the non-dipper group were significantly nigher than those in the dipper group (p=.021). There were no differences in sex, age, body, weight, duration of diabetes, serum lipid levels, BUN and HbA1c between the two groups. On the contrary, 87.5% of non-dipper group subjects showed having hypertension, 30% of dipper group subjects showed having hypertension and this difference was statistically significant (p=.018). All of the non-dipper group subjects (N=8) showed having at least one diabetic complication. However, 40% of the dipper group subjects (N=10) showed having no diabetic complication at all and this difference was also statistically significant (p=.049). There were no significant differences in frequency of nephropathy, neuropathy and retinopathy between the dipper group and non-dipper group.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.119-131
• /
• 2017

본 연구는 당뇨병이 있는 지역사회 성인을 대상으로 농림어업인과 비농림어업인으로 구분하여 당뇨병 관리 지표들의 차이를 살펴보았으며, 특히 다양한 사회경제적 특성들을 보정한 이후에도 직업에 따른 유의한 차이가 나타나는지를 평가하였다. 2015년 지역사회건강조사에 참여한 대상자 중, 당뇨병을 진단받은 19세 이상 22,127명을 분석대상으로 하였다. 카이제곱검정과 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용하여 농림어업인과 비농림어업인 간의 당뇨병 관리 수준을 비교하였다. 성, 연령, 교육 수준, 월평균 가구소득, 국민기초생활수급, 혼인상태의 사회경제적 상태를 순차적으로 보정하여 교차비(odds ratio; OR)와 95% 신뢰구간(confidence interval; CI)을 산출하였다. 연구결과, 당뇨병 대상자 중 농림어업인은 3,712명(16.8%), 비농림어업인은 18,415명(83.2%)이었다. 모든 사회경제적 상태를 보정한 후, 비농림어업인에 비해 농림어업인에서의 교차비(OR, 95% CI)는 당뇨병 비약물요법(0.72, 0.66-0.79), 당화혈색소 측정(0.61, 0.55-0.67), 당뇨병성 안질환 검사(0.76, 0.70-0.83), 당뇨병성 신장질환 검사(0.75, 0.70-0.81), 비음주 또는 적정음주(0.70, 0.64-0.78), 영양표시 독해(0.83, 0.71-0.98), 저염 선호(0.85, 0.78-0.93), 구강검진(0.60, 0.54-0.66), 스케일링(0.84, 0.77-0.93), 정기적 칫솔질(0.66, 0.58-0.76), 당뇨병 관리교육(0.84, 0.77-0.92)이 유의하게 낮았다. 반면, 농림어업인에서의 낮은 스트레스(1.39, 1.26-1.52)와 적정 수면시간(1.22, 1.13-1.32)의 교차비는 비농림어업인에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 전반적으로 농림어업인의 당뇨병 관리 지표들의 수준은 비농림어업인에 비해 양호하지 못하였다. 농림어업인의 당뇨병 관리 수준을 개선하여 합병증을 예방하고 건강관련 삶의 질을 향상시키기 위해서는 농림어업인의 직업적 특성을 고려한 특화된 당뇨병 개입전략이 필요하다.

• 보건행정학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.125-136
• /
• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the proportion of fundus examination of DM patients for preventing microvascular complication and to examine the factors related to fundus examination in DM patients. Methods: This study used 2005 Korean national health and nutrition survey data. We selected all 1,129 diabetes mellitus patients from the data. And we choose 8 factors related to diabetes mellitus patients. These are sex, age group, type of residential area(rural or urban), education level, income level, comorbidity with hypertension, current insulin use, and duration of suffering from DM. We have analysed these factors by whether he had been examined fundus or no through Chi-square and logistic regression analysis. Results: Female DM patients have tendency to get more fundus examination than Male DM patients. And Young patients, patients who live in urban area, well educated patients, high income patients, comorbidity with hypertension, patients have got the insulin injection, patients have long duration of suffering from DM are to get more fundus examination. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex and education level, income level, and duration of suffering from DM, comorbidity with hypertension, patients have got the insulin injection are significant factors on fundus examination for prevent microvascular diabetes mellitus complications. Conclusions and Discussion: We have concluded that physicians and policy makers should consider to fundus examination especially of man and DM patients who have more shorter disease period and low educated patients and low incomed patients and patients who have taken insulin therapy.