• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.847-858
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• 2015

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of kefir combination from goat milk and soy milk on lipid profile, plasma glucose, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the improvement of pancreatic β-cell in diabetic rats. Male rats were divided into five treatments: normal control, diabetic control, goat milk kefir, combination of goat milk-soy milk kefir and soy milk kefir. All rats were induced by streptooztocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA), except for normal control. After 35 d experiment, the rats were sampled for blood, sacrificed and sampled for pancreatic tissues. Results showed that diabetic rats fed kefir combination had higher (p<0.05) triglyceride than the rats fed goat milk or soy milk kefir. Decreasing of plasma glucose in diabetic rats fed kefir combination was higher (p<0.05) than rats fed goat millk kefir. The activity of GPx in diabetic rats fed three kinds of kefir were higher (p<0.01) than untreated diabetic rats. The average number of Langerhans and β-cells in diabetic rats fed kefir combination was the same as the normal control, but it was higher than diabetic control. It was concluded that kefir combination can be used as antidiabetic through maintaining in serum triglyceride, decreasing in plasma glucose, increasing in GPx activity and improving in pancreatic β-cells.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2009

This study investigated the effect of Corni Fructus(Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc.) extract on hyperglycemia and renal function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups including normal control(NC), diabetic control(DC), and diabetic treatment with Corni Fructus(DCF). Over a 4-week experimental period, Corni Fructus aqueous extract was administered orally at 500 mg/kg BW/day. The final fasting serum glucose, serum urea nitrogen, triglyceride, urinary total protein level, and relative weight of the left kidney in the DCF group were significantly lower than the DC group. Serum insulin level in the DCF group was higher than the DC group by 23%. The renal xanthine oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities in the DCF group were significantly lower than the DC group. The renal catalase activity in the DCF group was significantly higher than the DC group. In conclusion, these results indicated that Corni Fructus can reduce glucose level and prevent or retard the development of diabetic complication via its antioxidative effect and protecting against diabetic renal damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate the possible risk factors of lower extremity amputations in diabetic foot patients. Materials and Methods: The study is based on 37 patients who received lower extremity amputations from April, 1997 to February 2005 due to diabetic foot complications with at least 1 year follow up. As for the control group, 49 diabetes patients who had been treated at the endocrinology department for at least 1 year without any diabetic foot complication were evaluated. As for the possible risk factors, age, gender, duration of diabetes mellitus, body mass index, Hb A1c, blood glucose level, total cholesterol, s-creatinine, C-peptide, smoking, alcohol, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, CVA, retinopathy and neuropathy were investigated. Results: Among the possible risk factors evaluated, age, Hb A1c, smoking, neuropathy and blood glucose level factors showed statistically significant difference between the diabetic amputation and the control group. Conclusion: In reducing the risk of the lower extremity amputations in the diabetic patients due to diabetic foot complications, strict control of blood glucose level and cessation of smoking were found to be utmost important.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.154-162
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• 2001

Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious complication which result from long-standing diabetes. Especially, severe infected diabetic foot ulcer results in unwanted lower extremity amputation. The diabetic patient is considered the relative contraindication for microsurgery because of the severe peripheral vascular disease. Recently, microvascular free tissue transfer technique applied to diabetic foot ulcer. It is well known that free tissue transfer provides immediate soft tissue coverage and control of infection. So it is possible that preservation of the lower extremity through free tissue transfer. A retrospective study of diabetic patients who had infected foot ulcer from 1999 to 2000 with foot defects reconstructed with free tissue transfer were reviewed. Thirteen patients were studied with mean follow-up of 12.7 months. There were two deaths during follow-up period. There were two failures after free flap surgery. All eleven survived patients were ambulatory. There was no recurrence of ulcer. No patient need amputation above the ankle joint. We have found that free tissue transfer for infected diabetic foot ulcer is very effective surgical technique. Careful patient selection and regular follow-up is important.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.10
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• pp.981-989
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• 2003

The hypoglycemic effects of four edible plants (Angelicae tenuissimae (A. ten.), Pleurospermum kamtschaticum (P. kam.), Adenophora remotiflora (A. rem.) and Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Z. sch.)) in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 190-230 g were induced diabetes mellitus by the STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into six groups ; normal, STZ-control and four edible plant groups (A. ten., P kam., A. rem. and Z. sch. groups). Normal and STZ-control groups were fed a AIN-93 diet and four groups of STZ-induced diabetic rats were fed one of each experimental diets containing 10％ of the edible plant powder for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats showed the lower weight gain compared to the normal rats. In experimental groups except P. kam., AST activities were close to normal. A. ten. group were lowered ALT activities slightly. The plasma glucose levels of the diabetic experimental groups were significantly decreased at 4th week. The plasma insulin levels in diabetic experimental groups were not significantly different compared to the STZ-control group. The liver glycogen levels in STZ injected rats were significantly lower in compared to the normal rats. However no significant differences were found in response experimental plants intake in diabetic rats. The muscle glycogen were not significantly different among all the groups.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.3 s.67
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• pp.77-87
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• 2006

Objectives: The present study was carried out to investigate the preventive effects of Samgijiwhang-Tang(SJT) on streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy. Methods: SIT was given to rats through oral administration. The experimental animals were divided into a normal group of rats, a control group of STZ-induced diabetic rats, and a sample group with SIT administration. Rehmanniae Radix Preparat is combined in the original prescription of SIT, but in this experiment, Rehmanniae Radix was combined instead of Rehmanniae Radix Preparat to compare the effects of anti-diabetic nephropathy. Experimental diabetic nephropathy was induced by the injection of STZ(60mg/kg) in the rat via the peritoneum. The effect of SIT on STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy was observed by measuring the serum level of creatinine and BUN, in addition to urine secretion of albumin for 24 hours and the level of glucose found in the urine. Anti-oxidative stress of SIT administration in a living body was estimated by measuring lipid peroxide and GSH content in the cortex of kidneys. Results: STZ induced an increase of serum creatinine, urine glucose and renal cortical lipid peroxidation was lowered by Rehmanniae Radix Preparat combined SIT administration. Conclusions: The SIT treatment showed a protective effect on the rat diabetic nephropathy model, and action mechanism of the effect was thought to be concerned with anti-oxidative stress.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.330-334
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• 2006

Polymicrobial nature of diabetic foot infection has been well documented in the literature. Initial antibiotic therapy of diabetic foot infection is usually empiric until reliable culture data is shown. This study was carried out to determine the common bacteriological flora of diabetic foot infection and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in order to enhance possible empiric treatment. The specimens were obtained from wounds of 207 cases of diabetic foot ulcer, and the bacteriological isolation, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of the isolates were carried out by standard microbiological methods. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common isolate, with 46.2% of recover rate among total bacterial isolated cases. Among gram-negative organisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most common. Gram-positive organisms showed significant susceptibility to clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and levofloxacin, besides vancomycin. Cefoperazone, piperacillin/tazobactam, and amikacin in addition to imipenem were most effective agents compared to gram-negative organisms. Diabetic foot infection requires use of combined antimicrobial therapy for initial management. Our results indicate that the most effective antibiotic combination for diabetic foot infection of Korean patients is clindamycin plus cefoperazone.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among clinical competence of diabetic diet education on standardized patients, self-efficacy, communication skill, learning satisfaction, and professional values of nursing students. Methods: The present study was a descriptive research. The participants were 144 junior nursing students in a university. The clinical competence on diabetic diet education was assessed by trained evaluators when nursing students performed diabetic diet education using the standardized patients. The students' self-efficacy, communication skill, professional values, and learning satisfaction were measured by themselves using the questionnaires. Results: The clinical competence on diabetic diet education showed positive correlations with communication skill and learning satisfaction, while the competence was not correlated to self-efficacy and professional values. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that clinical competence on diabetic diet education may be more related to communication skills and learning satisfaction than self-efficacy and professional values. Promoting communication skills and learning satisfaction using a standardized patient may increase nursing students' competence on diabetic diet education.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.438-442
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• 2010

Rhemannie Radix Preparata (RRP) has been previously employed in traditional oriental medicine as a treatment for diabetic thirst and improving blood flow. The aim of this study was to evaluate its hypoglycemic control by assaying the activities of key enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in streptozotocin-(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Further, RRP extracts were prepared in water (RRPW), in 50% ethanol (RRP50), and in 100% ethanol (RRP100), respectively, and compared for their actions in diabetic rats. The oral treatment of RRP (5 mg/kg b.w./d) to diabetic rats for 21 days resulted in a significant decline in blood glucose by 67% compared to diabetic control rats (P < 0.05). The altered activities of glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) in the livers of diabetic rats were reversed significantly to near-normal levels by the administration of RRP (P < 0.05). Among the three RRP extracts, RRP100 was the most effective in terms of hypoglycemic action. However, the administration of RRP to diabetic rats did not improve insulin production. The modulatory effects of RRP100 on the attenuation of carbohydrate enzyme activities appear to hold promise for widespread use for the treatment of diabetes in the future.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.474-478
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• 2007

This study evaluated effects of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang(YST) on diabetic rats. Diabetic condition in rats was induced by streptozotocin injection. Then control effect of YST was observed with changes of serum glucose, insulin, and triglyceride levels and hepatic glucokinse activity. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of high serum glucose level of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin at 5th day of YST treatment. YST treatment was resulted increase of low serum insulin level of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, but it was not significant statistically. YST treatment was resulted significant decrease of high serum triglyceride level of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin at 3rd and 5th of YST treatment. YST treatment was resulted significant increase of low hepatic glucokinase activity of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin at 5th day of YST treatment. These results suggest that YST has effects on serum glucose control against cerebral inchemic damage under diabetic condition.