• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2012

Patients with diabetes mellitus show delayed wound healing and increased susceptibility to infection. Therefore, the effects of diabetes on pulpal and periodontal healing should be taken into consideration when treating diabetic dental traumatized patients. This case presents the treatment for dental traumatized 20 yr old female with uncontrolled type II diabetes. The traumatized upper central incisors had showed pulpal healing in early days. However, 7 mon after the trauma, the teeth had been diagnosed with pulp necrosis with apical abscess. Eventually, non surgical root canal treatment on the teeth had been performed.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the level of psychological insulin resistance and self-care activities and to evaluate the factors affecting self-care activities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing insulin therapy to provide basic data for the development of educational programs. Methods: Data were collected through the interviews using a structured questionnaire from August 29 to October 20, 2017, from the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus visiting the Diabetes Mellitus Center at H-General Hospital in J-city. The subjects were 168 patients who had been being treated via self-injection for at least three months after the start of insulin therapy. Data analyses were conducted using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SAS WIN 9.2 program. Results: The mean score of psychological insulin resistance was 61.25 (range 19-95) and the mean score of self-care activities was 53.19 (range 18-90). Self-care activities were significantly different by gender (t = -2.94, p= .004), perceived health status (F= 7.00, p< .001), and hypoglycemia during the last three months (t= -2.47, p= .015). Negative correlation was observed between psychological insulin resistance and self-care activities (r= -.33, p< .001). Self-care activities were significantly predicted by psychological insulin resistance, perceived health status, gender, and hypoglycemia during the last three months, and 19.0% of the variance in self-care activities was explained (F= 9.01, p< .001). Conclusion: Psychological insulin resistance in patients undergoing insulin therapy and its effects on self-care activities identified in this study will be useful in starting and maintaining insulin therapy in the future.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.361-369
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• 2020

Tofacitinib, a Janus kinase inhibitor, was developed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, it has been associated with an increased change in arthritis development in patients with diabetes. Herein, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of tofacitinib after intravenous (10 mg/kg) and oral (20 mg/kg) administration to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and control rats. Following intravenous administration of tofacitinib to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity of tofacitinib was significantly smaller (33.6%) than that of control rats. This might be due to the faster hepatic intrinsic clearance (112%) caused by an increase in the hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A1(23) and the faster hepatic blood flow rate in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus than in control rats. Following oral administration, area under the plasma concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity of tofacitinib was also significantly smaller (55.5%) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus than that in control rats. This might be due to decreased absorption caused by the higher expression of P-glycoprotein and the faster intestinal metabolism caused by the higher expression of intestinal CYP3A1(23), which resulted in the decreased bioavailability of tofacitinib (33.0%) in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. In summary, our findings indicate that diabetes mellitus affects the absorption and metabolism of tofacitinib, causing faster metabolism and decreased intestinal absorption in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1125-1132
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• 2003

A Study was researched in oder to classify the clinical symptoms of the diabetes mellitus according of the Sasang constitution that is used to treat and manage the diabetics. We collected 98 patients with diabetes who were diagnosed Sasang constitution at department of Sasang constitutional Medicine in Dongeui Oriental Hospital during 1 year from August. 2000 to July. 2002. and then we investigated and analyzed the clinical symptoms of the diabetics according of the Sasang constitution, and 98 patient was examinated. We investigated the clinical symptoms of the diabetes according of the Sasang constitution to find relationship between the symptoms and the Sasang constitutions. The result of it, we found that it is different between the symptoms according of the Sasang constitution in first symptoms of the diabetes mellitus, weight, appetite, urine and drinking water. Therefore we have found that it is possibility to classify the clinical symptoms of the diabetes mellitus patients according of the Sasang constitution.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.296-312
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• 1998

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to find out predictors influencing on the clinical course of stroke during the first 4 weeks after the onset through statistical research, especially whether the blood glucose level after stroke and the stroke with Diabetes Mellitus correlate with functional impairments and neurological outcome or not. METHOD During 7 months period(from 1-1-1997 to 7-31-1997), 32 selected patients prognosed as acute cerebral thrombosis were studied by using Modified Barthel Index, PULSES profile in an attempt to correlate Diabetes Mellitus and hyperglycemia(more than $120mg/d{\ell}$, $150mg/d{\ell}$) with functional impairment and neurological outcome and to evaluate the influence of sex, the side of hemiparesis and age at admission, 1 week and 4 weeks after admision(admitted within 2 days after the onset). RESULT 1. The sex, side of hemiparesis and age had no significant effect upon functional impairment during first 4 weeks after the onset, but recurrent-stroke resulted in significantly higher degree of functional impairment than first-stroke during first 4 weeks after the onset. 2. The patients with Diabetes Mellitusin in acute cerebral thrombosis resulted in significantly higher degree of functional impairment than the patients without Diabetes Mellitus in acute cerebral thrombosis during first 4 weeks after the onset. 3. The patients with hyperglycemia in acute cerebral thrombosis resulted in significantly more severe neurological outcome than the patients without hyperglycemia in acute cerebral thrombosis within 2 days after the onset. CONCLUSION The study suggested that recurrent-stroke and Diabetes Mellitus were the poorer prognosis factors of functional impairment in acute cerebral thrombosis patients during first 4 weeks after the onset. and the poorer prognosis factor of neurological outcome in acute cerebral thrombosis patients was hyperglycemia within 2 days after the onset.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.322-332
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• 2004

The possibility that high, long-term intake of carbohydrates that are rapidly absorbed as glucose may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes has been long-standing controversy. A high consumption of carbohydrates with a high glycemic index produces greater insulin resistance than did the intake of low glycemic index carbohydrates. This study was designed to evaluate the cabohydrate intake status include glycemic index and correlation carbohydrtae intake status with anthropometry factors & other nutrients in usual diet of the Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus. In 104 tpye 2 diabetes mellitus patients(mean age : 51.8yr, male=44.femal=60), we determined carbohydrte intake status include glycemic index with 24hr recall method and measured anthropometry. Mean daily carbohydrtae intakes and glycemic index were 307.3g(male 323.1g, female 295.5g) and 90.7(male 93.4, female 88.8), respectively. We found a strong and statistically significant association between carbohydrate ratio and glycemic index in obese factors, other nutrient. But carbohydrate intake/kg of body weight was low a significant differences in obese factors, other nutrient. Also glycemic index was effected by total energy intake and carbohydrate ratio than carbohydrate intake/kg of body weight. In conclusion, emphasis for dietary modification should be total energy intake and carbohydrate ratio in diabetes mellitus patient.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4301-4309
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• 2014

This study was carried out to identify the perceived educational needs of diabetes mellitus type 2(DM 2) patients and the factors influencing their diabetes educational needs. The descriptive and correlation study design was used. The data was collected from January 2, 2012 to February 29 10, 2012 and a total of 346 diabetes patients responded in a structured instrument regarding their characteristics, diabetes knowledge and needs for diabetes education. The data was analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The mean score of the diabetes educational needs was 3.03 (range: 1.09-4.00). Of the factors significantly influencing the diabetes educational needs, age (${\beta}$=-.25, p<.001), diabetes education participation of the family (${\beta}$=.21, p=.003), and self blood sugar test (${\beta}$=-.13, p=.045) explained the 11% variance of the diabetes educational needs. These three factors need to be considered when implementing diabetes education programs for diabetes management.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.54-63
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• 2017

Anemia, defined as a reduction in the hemoglobin concentration of blood, is common in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients, can be potentially caused by diabetes complications such as nephropathy. Recent research suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) itself may be a major risk factor of anemia. However, there are few Korean studies on the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and anemia. This study was performed to investigate the association between anemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) in Korean adults. A total of 10,151 Korean adults over aged 19 years (4,422 male, 5,729 female) were selected from the participants of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey VI (KNHANES VI). Korean adults with anemia had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) than the normal adults (11.4% vs. 30.4% in male, 8.8% vs. 9.4% in female). The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) for anemia was greater in adults with DM than in normal male (OR=3.28; 95% CI: 2.27~4.73). After adjusting for other risk factors including age, education, family income, smoking, drinking, and menstrual status, anemia and diabetes were not associated (OR=1.33; 95% CI: 0.84~2.09). Similarly, there was no association between anemia and diabetes in female. In conclusion, this study shows that the prevalence of anemia is similar in diabetic and non-diabetic Korean adults after adjusting for multiple risk factors. Further research is required to elucidate the mechanism of anemia caused as a consequence of diabetes mellitus (DM).

• Diabetes and Metabolism Journal
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.451-464
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• 2018

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by a less intensive autoimmune process and a broad clinical phenotype compared to classical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), sharing features with both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and T1DM. Since patients affected by LADA are initially insulin independent and recognizable only by testing for islet-cell autoantibodies, it could be difficult to identify LADA in clinical setting and a high misdiagnosis rate still remains among patients with T2DM. Ideally, islet-cell autoantibodies screening should be performed in subjects with newly diagnosed T2DM, ensuring a closer monitoring of those resulted positive and avoiding treatment of hyperglycaemia which might increase the rate of ${\beta}-cells$ loss. Thus, since the autoimmune process in LADA seems to be slower than in classical T1DM, there is a wider window for new therapeutic interventions that may slow down ${\beta}-cell$ failure. This review summarizes the current understanding of LADA, by evaluating data from most recent studies, the actual gaps in diagnosis and management. Finally, we critically highlight and discuss novel findings and future perspectives on the therapeutic approach in LADA.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.646-653
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• 2002

Purpose : The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children has been increasing worldwide recently, which is thought to be related to the increasing prevalence of obesity. We investigated to evaluate the incidence and the characteristics of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and also analysed the relationship between intrauterine growth retardation and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods : We investigated 25 children diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus between March 1990 and December 2000. The analysis was performed retrospectively with medical records based on the clinical characteristics and laborotory findings. Results : Incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children has been increasing since 1990. We demonstrated an increase in the percentage of type 2 diabetes mellitus children from 5.3% in 1990 to 21.0% in 2000. Sixty eight percent of patients(17/25) were classified as obese group. Initial symptoms at first visit were polyuria, polydipsia and polyphagia 48%(12/25), asymptomatic glycosuria 40% (10/25), weight loss 8%(2/25) and obesity 4%(1/25). The mean age at diagnosis was $12.9{\pm}1.8$ years. 64%(16/25) of patients had positive family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Autoanti-bodies were positive in 18.1%(4/22) of patients. Twenty eight percent (7/25) of patients had an associated disease and two patients had fatty liver in association with obesity. Treatment consisted of diet, exercise, education and oral hypoglycemic agents. Three patients were treated with insulin as well as oral hypoglycemic agents because of poor blood glucose control. Long-term diabetic complications occurred in 4 patients. Intrauterine growth retardtion was found in 34.6%(9/25); 88.9% (8/9) of these patients were non-obese group. Conclusion : The increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children is thought to be related to the increasing prevalence of obesity. The non-obese group of patients might be associated with intrauterine growth retardation.