• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.272-275
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• 2003

This paper presents the role and its function of Tool server. MPEG-21 means multimedia framework for delivery and consumption of multimedia which is being discussed in ISO/IEC 21000. A view of MPEC-21 aims to define multimedia framework to enable transparent use of multimedia resource across a wide range of networks and devices used by different communities. MPEG-21 will enable all-electronic creation delivery and trade of digital multimedia content and transparent usage of various content types on network device. Therefore, we can provide access to information and services from almost anywhere at anytime with various terminals and networks. In order to support multimedia delivery chain that contains content creation, production, delivery and consumption, we need many standards(elements) for identify, describe, manage and protect the content. Thus, we define Digital Item Player(DIP), Digital Item Adaptation(DIA) server and Tool server as primary objects of MPEG-21 multimedia framework. DIP provides a function which creates and consumes Digital Item(DI) as a kind of a digital object by user. A DI contains both media resources and metadata including rights information. DIA server deals with the usage environment description schema of the user characteristics, terminal and network characteristics and natural environments. DIA server adapts the original DI to the usage environment description sent from the terminal and transmits the adapted DI to the terminal. Tool server searches for a tool requested from DIP or DIA and downloads the best tool to DIP or DIA server. In this paper, we present how Tool sewer is organized and is used among 2 primary objects. The paper is structured as followings: Section 1 briefly describes why MPEG-21 is needed and what MPEG-21 wants. We see requirement that tool server must equip functionally in section 2. The proposed tool server,its structure and its functionality are presented in section 3. Section 4 explains a scenario that tool server transmits tool to DIP and shows the experimental result. The paper concludes in section 5.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2011년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.225-227
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• 2011

This study investigates the effect of crushed fine aggregate and chemical admixture (durability improvement agent, named DIA) on blast furnace slag-based brick. The control brick was made with recycled fine aggregate of 100% and, no cement was used. Test results showed that all specimens developed similar strength, except for the specimen without partial replacement of crushed fine aggregate at 3 days. However, it is interesting to note that this specimen without crushed fine aggregate resulted in the highest strength at 7 days. In addition, the DIA had a major effect on the absorption ratio of brick specimens. For the brick specimens with partial replacement of crushed fine aggregate with 10%, the addition of DIA with only 1% was enough to satisfy the code regulated by KS F 4004.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제48권11호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

산업용 표준 센서 신호처리를 위해 다양한 입력신호를 5V 전압 출력으로 변환하는 새로운 디지털 계측 증폭기(DIA)를 설계하였다. 이 계측 증폭기는 상용의 계측증폭기, 7개의 아날로그 스위치, 2개의 1.0V와 -10.0V의 기준전압, 그리고 4개의 저항기로 구성된다. 신호 변환원리는 입력신호에 따라 저항기와 기준전압을 디지털적으로 선택하여 5V의 출력전압을 얻도록 회로 구성을 바꾸는 것이다. 시뮬레이션 결과 DIA는 0V~5V, 1V~5V, -10V~+10V, 그리고 4mA~20mA의 입력신호에 대하여 우수한 0~5V 출력전압 특성을 얻을 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 4가지 입력 신호에 대하여 비선형오차는 0.1%이하이다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.89-95
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• 2000

As an efficient method to detect blending of general gravitational microlensing events, it is proposed to measure the shift of source star image centroid caused by microlensing. The conventional method to detect blending by this method is measuring the difference between the positions of the source star image point spread function measured on the images taken before and during the event (the PSF centroid shift, ${\delta}{\theta}$c,PSF). In this paper, we investigate the difference between the centroid positions measured on the reference and the subtracted images obtained by using the difference image analysis method (DIA centroid shift, ${\delta}{\theta}$c.DIA), and evaluate its relative usefulness in detecting blending over the conventional method based on ${\delta}{\theta}$c,PSF measurements. From this investigation, we find that the DIA centroid shift of an event is always larger than the PSF centroid shift. We also find that while ${\delta}{\theta}$c,PSF becomes smaller as the event amplification decreases, ${\delta}{\theta}$c.DIA remains constant regardless of the amplification. In addition, while ${\delta}{\theta}$c,DIA linearly increases with the increasing value of the blended light fraction, ${\delta}{\theta}$c,PSF peaks at a certain value of the blended light fraction and then eventually decreases as the fraction further increases. Therefore, measurements of ${\delta}{\theta}$c,DIA instead of ${\delta}{\theta}$c,PSF will be an even more efficient method to detect the blending effect of especially of highly blended events, for which the uncertainties in the determined time scales are high, as well as of low amplification events, for which the current method is highly inefficient.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.586-595
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 이동 환경에서 다시점 비디오를 제공하는 적응형 다시점 비디오 서비스 프레임워크를 제안한다. 중간시점 영상의 실시간 생성과 다시점 비디오의 클라이언트 적응을 통해 이동 환경이 갖는 성능 제약을 해결한다. 그리고 적응 변환 작업을 서버에서 수행함으로써 클라이언트의 부하를 줄이고, H.264/AVC를 채택하여 비디오의 압축 효율을 개선한다. 이를 위해, 멀티미디어 프레임워크 표준인 MPEG-21 DIA (Digital Item Adaptation)를 참조하여, 사용자 요구와 클라이언트 기기의 특성에 맞도록 비디오를 적응시키는 이동 환경을 위한 새로운 다시점 비디오 DIA를 구현한다. 제안 프레임워크의 효율성과 성능을 측정한 결과, 다시점 비디오의 이동 서비스는 양방향으로 해상도가 $320{\times}240$이면, 최대 초당 13 프레임까지 가능하고, 기존 3D 점의 투영 방법과 비교하여 5배 빠른 중간시점 영상을 생성한다.

• 분석과학
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2021

Due to the difficulty of grading visualized fingerprints with previously known evaluation methods for the comparison of split fingerprints, a preliminary study was performed with the densitometric image analysis (DIA) method as a potential quantitative and supplementary evaluation method. Each image of inked split fingerprints was divided into 4 zones for analysis. Weekly intra- and inter- analysis by two analysts with three whole fingerprints that were constructed by combining inked split fingerprints showed that the average area values and the ranges of difference fluctuation were not significantly different between strong fingerprints and strong-weak pairs, while they were different in weak fingerprints and weak-weak pairs. In the case of weak fingerprints, the exact acquisition of ridges was difficult and this seemed to influence the results. An additional study is needed for the improved reliability using DIA method with weak fingerprints such as 8 zones division rather than 4 zones. In addition, the analysis results performed by several analysts at different times should be used to improve the reliability of the analysis method further. Based on the above result, it can be judged that utilizing the DIA method as a secondary evaluation method of the existing scoring system would be effective with the additional studies especially on weak fingerprints.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.390-398
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• 2000

근관형성을 위해 표준화된 근관형성기구에 비해 taper가 큰 기구들이 사용되고 있으며 이를 이용하여 형성된 근관은 taper가 큰 근관의 모양을 갖는다. 근관충전방법에 있어 근관의 크기에 적합한 1차적 gutta-percha cone을 선택할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 .04 및 .06 taper의 전동화일로 형성된 근관에 열연화충전법을 위해 가장 적합한 1차 cone을 선택하기 위한 지침 마련의 목적으로, 근단공의 크기와 근관의 taper에 따른 gutta-percha cone의 근단부 근관 내 적 합도를 평가하였다. ProFile$^{(R)}$ .04 taper와 .06 taper를 이용하여 Crown down 방법으로 60개의 모형근관을 형성하였다. 표준화 gutta-percha cone, Dia-Pro ISO-.04$^{TM}$ 및 .06 gutta-percha cone, MF, F, FM 및 M 크기의 비표준화 gutta-percha cone의 근관 내 적합도는 치근단 5mm의 근관면적에 대한 gutta-percha cone의 점유 면적비(%)로 하였다. .04 taper, 25번 크기의 근관에서는 F, MF 크기의 비표준화 cone이 표준화 cone과 Dia-Pro 180-.04$^{TM}$ 보다 우수한 근관적합도를 나타내었고(p<0.05), 30번 크기의 근관에서는 F, Dia-Pro ISO-.04$^{TM}$, FM 크기의 gutta-percha cone 모두 표준화 cone보다 우수한 근관적합도를 나타내었으나(p<0.05), 35번 크기의 근관에서는 모든 gutta-percha cone 사이에 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다(p>0.05) .06 taper, 25번 크기의 근관에서는 사용된 비표준화 cone 모두가 표준화 cone, Dia-Pro ISO-.06$^{TM}$ 보다 나은 근관적합도를 나타내었고(P<0.05), 30번 크기의 근관에서는 표준화 cone을 제외한 나머지 gutta-percha cone에서 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 35번 크기의 근관에는 M 크기의 비표준화 cone이 가장 우수한 근관적합도를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, FM과 Dia-Pro ISO-.06$^{TM}$ 사이에서는 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다(p>0.05).

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.555-563
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• 1985

본 논문에서는 원주(circular cylinder)가 균일속도장에 놓였을 때의 2차원적 인 난류후류유동 특성을 실험에 의해 조사하고, 근접후류에서의 주기적인 대규모 운동 에 의한 코히어런트구조가 하류에서 자체유사(selfpreserving)로 되어 가는 데 있어서 의 난류변동성분에 관한 해석을 위해 확률밀도함수, 자기상관계수, 파워스펙트럼 등과 같은 통계적 처리기법을 도입하고자 한다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2016

PURPOSE. Grinding with less stress on 3Y-TZP through proper selection of methods and instruments can lead to a long-term success of prosthesis. The purpose of this study was to compare the phase transformation and physical properties after zirconia surface grinding with 3 different grinding burs. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty disc-shaped zirconia specimens were fabricated. Each Ten specimens were ground with AllCeramic SuperMax (NTI, Kahla, Germany), Dura-Green DIA (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan), and Dura-Green (Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Ten specimens were not ground and used as a control group. After the specimen grinding, XRD analysis, surface roughness test, FE-SEM imaging, and biaxial flexural strength test were performed. RESULTS. After surface grinding, small amount of monoclinic phase in all experimental groups was observed. The phase change was higher in specimens, which were ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs. The roughness of surfaces increased in specimens, which were ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs than control groups and ground with Dura-Green. All experimental groups showed lower flexural strength than control group, but there was no statistically significant difference between control group and ground with Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs. The specimens, which were ground with Dura-Green showed the lowest strength. CONCLUSION. The use of dedicated zirconia-specific grinding burs such as Dura-Green DIA and AllCeramic SuperMax burs decreases the grinding time and did not significantly affect the flexural strength of zirconia, and therefore, they may be recommended. However, a fine polishing process should be accompanied to reduce the surface roughness after grinding.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅲ
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• pp.1403-1406
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• 2003

This paper presents a user preference description for graphics contents that is developed in the process of the MPEG-21 DIA(Digital Item Adaptation) standard. The description scheme in this paper is proposed by the authors and adopted in the current AM (Adaptation Model) document of the MPEG-21 DIA. The goal of MPEG-21 standard is providing a multimedia framework that Provides augmented and transparent use of digital contents across various networks and terminals fur the life cycle of digital contents. DI (Digital Item) is a standardized basic unit of digital contents for transaction in the scope of MPEG-21. DIA contains both media resources and metadata including rights information.