• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.169-177
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• 1987

Effect of microbiological product manure (Bio-com) on the growth and yield of vegetables and on physico-chemical properties of soil. Leaf lettuce and Garland Chrysanthemum were taken for test plants. A Jungdong (Series) silty loam soil was used for pot experiments. The results are summarized as following: 1. Treatment with Bio-com stimulated plant growth that were increased in the number of leaf, leaf area, plant height and root length both for Leaf lettuce and Garland Cyrysanthemum. 2. Yield increase of 123-1170% was obtained from Bio-com treatments compared to N.P.K.+manure treatment. Application of 2250 kg/10a of Bio-com gave the highest yield. 3. Fertilizer effect of Bio-com appeared much earlier than that of manure. 4. Plant content of $K_2O$ was highest when treated with Bio-com. Plants absorbed considerably more N, $P_2O_5$ and MgO. 5. Content of N, $P_2O_5$ in Garland Chrysanthemum were higher when treated with Bio-com. 6. Content of $P_2O_5$ in soil was at the highest level. Soil pH, content of exchangeable soil Ca and Mg were also high with Bio-com fertilization.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.83-87
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the optimal medium and optimal dextrose concentration of 12 entomopathogenic fungi. The colonies of Cordyceps gracilioides, C. sp.(J23), Paecilomyces farinosus(J5), P tenuipes, Paecilomyces sp.(J4), Beauveria bassiana and B. brongniartii on SLA(silkworm larva agar) medium are similar to those on PDA(Potato dextrose agar) medium. On the contrary, the colonies of 5 fungi are very various according to its medium. The optimal medium for 1 1 fungi was SLA-A medium, which was better than PDA medium with regard to the mycelial growth. The optimal concentration on mycelial growth was superior to 6% for 6 fungi. When silkworm larvae was injected with P. tenuipes on SLA medium for fruiting body production. Infection rate, fruiting body formation rate, synnemata number and synnemata length were 91.3 $\pm$ 1.5%, 88.6 $\pm$ 2.3%, 56.6 $\pm$ 3.2 and 33.4 $\pm$ 2.88 ㎜ respectively. In economical analysis, the prototype medium can reduce 61.9% of production cost per 1 liter compared with PDA medium.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2012

Two different feed(bran and swine feed) effect was tested on development of Tenebrio molitor at $25{\pm}5^{\circ}C$, $65{\pm}10%RH$. There was no significant feed effect on larval developmental periods(80.0 ~ 83.7 days), pupal length (18.1 ~ 18.7 mm) and fecundity(44.3 ~ 55.3 eggs) during first two days. However, fecundity was significantly affected by the pupal weight(P < 0.05), such that the number of eggs 172.3, 191.2, 215.0 gradually increased as pupal weight rose from 0.12 g, 0.15 g to 0.18 g, respectively. During the first two weeks of oviposition was 51.8%, which gradually decreased for further days. Longevity was $27.1{\pm}6.9$, $30.1{\pm}7.8$, $27.4{\pm}8.5$ days with increasing pupal weight of 0.12, 0.15, 0.18 g, respectively. Larval densities of 100, 300, 500 and 700 individuals reared in the container ($16{\times}21.5{\times}7cm$) resulted 67.9% of the T. molitor pupation during first three weeks. Pupal weight was decreased $146.9{\pm}6.5$, $142.1{\pm}8.3$, $122.0{\pm}9.6$, $118.5{\pm}5.2mg$ when it was reared at different larval densities of 100, 300, 500 and 700 individuals, respectively in size of($16{\times}21.5{\times}7cm$) rearing container.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Computer Game
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.175-184
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• 2018

The commercial success of the game has also led to animation of the original game, especially the live version of The Street Fighter II in 1994 and a variety of videos of the game-based version, 2D Animation and 3D Animaion until now. But animations are not always successful because they are based on popular and commercially successful games. That's because when the original game was remade into an animation, the difference between the narrative structure of the original game story and the setting of the game and animation is striking. Nevertheless, a feature-length animation based on the Angry Birds game, which was released on May 19, 2016, has also been a huge commercial success, with this paper analyzing the case applied to the 12th stage of Christopher Vogler's hero's journey, Aengibird the Movie, and discussing the way in which the animation developed based on the game compared with other animations. Christopher Vogler, a Hollywood playwright, analyzed the structure of popular-loved movies based on the common narrative of the myth as the main motif of the mythologist Joseph Campbell. His narrative style is a hero's journey, using a total of 12 stages of epic narrative structure to help the protagonist find himself and achieve what he wants. Foreign heroes, adventure films as well as animations from big studios like Disney, Pixar, and Ghibli are using the story-development method of this Christopher Vogler.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.239-252
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• 2021

Objectives : This study is to effect of improving muscle atrophy through water extract on the solid-phase fermentation extraction with Phellinus linteus of discarded Schisandra chinensis in an atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell. Methods : C2C12 myoblast were differentiated into myotube by 2% horse serum medium for 6 days, and then treated solid-phase fermentation(S-P) extract at different concentrations for 24h. To investigate the effect of S-P extract on the induction of muscle atrophy and expression of atrophy-related genes and apoptosis in differentiated C2C12 myotubes using a GSH, ROS, real-time PCR, western blots analysis. Results : As a result of treatment with atorvastatin at concentrations of 5, 10, and 20 uM on the 6th day of differentiation in C2C12 myotube cells, it was confirmed that the cell morphology was damaged in a concentration-dependent manner, and the length and thickness of the myotube also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with S-P extract (50, 100 and 200 ㎍/㎖) increased of GSH and inhibited ROS in the atorvastatin-induced muscle atrophy cell model at a concentration that did not induce toxicity. In addition, it was confirmed that it has an effect on muscle reduction by inhibiting apoptosis of muscle cells as well as being involved in protein production and degradation of muscle cells. Conclusions : Atorvastatin-induced atrophy C2C12 cell, S-P extract activates related to differentiation/generation and proteolysis, and inhibits cell death of atrophy in C2C12 cell. Based on this, it is necessary to prove its effectiveness through animal models and human application test, but it is considered to be discarded Schisandra chinensis can present the potential for development as a recycling industrial material.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.89-97
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of early childhood teachers for early childhood creativity programs using physical computing in an effort to provide future direction for program development. The findings were as follows: First, 43.8 percent of teachers answered they were neutral about the need for these programs, while 40.5 percent replied these programs were necessary. Second, 73.8 percent thought the utilization of physical computing tools would be useful. Third, the largest group thought that the programs should be provided for five-year-olds. Regarding the frequency of programs, once or twice a week were considered most appropriate. Concerning the length of each activity, 20 to 30 minutes was identified as ideal, and study subjects preferred small group activities. In regard to the most effective theme for these programs, tools for daily life were considered best. As for educational content to be included in program planning, scientific inquiry and experiment were viewed as best, followed by the design/ production/utilization of creative works, game and play, and producing and playing musical instruments. Evaluation by a creativity test was chosen as the most desirable evaluation method.

• 한국노년학
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.783-799
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the major academic activities of the Korean Gerontological Society (KGS) during the last 40 years in comparison to changes in elderly policies in Korea and also academic trends in gerontology worldwide and the academic activities of the International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG); based on this analysis, this study aims to propose future directions for the academic progress of the KGS. We examined the major academic activities of the KGS by analyzing the contents of biannual conferences, international conferences, and irregular seminars and policy meetings, using conference booklets, KGS websites, and literature on KGS history. Second, we analyzed the academic activities of the KGS in comparison to changes in elderly policies in Korea, using databases of major newspapers and also the BigKinds search offered by the Korea Press Foundation. Third, the academic activities of the KGS were reviewed in comparison to those of the IAGG and the major aging policy agendas of key international organizations. The study results demonstrate that the KGS has been proactive in conducting diverse multi-disciplinary and international academic activities while promptly responding to both domestic and international changes in elderly policies. But some issues were not properly addressed due to the lack of diversity in its members, and it also should be noted that some issues were not discussed in depth for a sufficient length of time. Henceforth, as the leading academic organization in gerontology with a multi-disciplinary orientation in Korea, the KGS should continue to lead the development and evaluation of aging policies and also actively carry out diverse academic activities in collaboration with international academic societies and organizations.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.654-658
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• 2010

A FA (Lilium formolongi $\times$ Lilium asiatic hybrid) intersectional hybrid lily cultivar 'Orange Crown' was developed in 2007 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) of Korea. The cross and immature embryo rescue was conducted between female parents 'Migreen' (Lilium formolongi 'Raizan' $\times$ Lilium asiatic hybrid 'A61') and male parent 'A01-187' (L. asiatic 'A96-28' $\times$ 'Sanzio') by cut style pollination method at Suwon in 2001. It was preliminarily selected as 'FA04-27' in 2004. Multiplication, bulb production and characteristic tests were conducted from 2004 to 2007. The evaluation of characteristics and preference were surveyed at a lily flower show of NIHHS at Taean in 2007. 'Orange Crown' flowers in the late of June and grows more than 183 cm stem length. Flowers bloom upward-facing, a little spotted and orange (RHS, O24A) petals. The pollen of 'Orange Crown' was sterile.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.509-512
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• 2011

A FA intersectional hybrid lily cultivar 'Golden Center' was developed in 2008 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA) Korea. The cross was conducted between female parent Lilium FA hybrid 'Migreen (FA97-30)' and male parent L. Asiatic hybrid 'Sanzio' by a cut style pollination method (CSM) and immature embryo rescure at Suwon in 1999. The first selection was done and the line name was tentatively given as 'FA04-24' in 2004. After in vitro multiplication, bulb-producing ability, line, growth and flowering characteristic of 'FA04-24' were evaluated from 2005 to 2007. The evaluation of characteristics and consumer preferences were surveyed at a lily flower show of NIHHS in 2008. 'Golden Center' flowers in the middle of June and grows up to 144 cm high in length. Flower blooms facing upward, with light yellow petals (RHS, GW157C). The pollen of 'Golden Center' is sterile. Year-round flowering can be done by storing the bulb under $-1.5^{\circ}C$ conditions. It is needed to control Botrytis disease in wet season.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.659-663
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• 2010

An Asiatic lily cultivar 'Yesol' was developed in 2005 at National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science (NIHHS), Rural Development Administration (RDA), Korea. The cross was made in 1992 between Asiatic lily 'White Bird', a white colored cultivar, and 'Connecticut King', yellow colored cultivar. Preliminarily selection was done as 'A94-11' in 1994. Multiplication and bulb formation, and characteristic tests were conducted from 1996 to 2004. The evaluation of this line was performed and named as 'Wongyo C1-27' in 2005 that was registered as 'Yesol' to the registration office of Korea Seed & Variety Service. 'Yesol' flowers at the end of June and grows average 32.4 cm. It flowers upward-facing, yellow (RHS, Y7D) with the size of flower 14.7 cm. The average petal length and width are 8.2 cm and 2.6 cm, respectively. Leaves are 4.8 cm long and 2 cm wide. The weight and size of bulb are 18.9 g and 11.8 cm, respectively. Year-round flowering can be obtained by storing the bulb under -1.5$^{\circ}C$ conditions.