• 경영과정보연구
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 개발도상국 해외투자 입지 결정요인을 실증 분석하였다. 분석의 결과 입지요인인 피투자국 시장규모, 경제 발전 정도, 경제성장율, 인적자본의 질, 경제의 개방도, 현지시장 매력요인의 대위변수인 현재 외국인 투자 유치액등은 해외투자 유치에 정의 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다. 수정된 중력 모형에서 중 요변수인 피투자국의 모든 투자국들로 부터의 상대적인 시장가중치를 감안한 원격성은 낮을수록 해외투자 유치가 활발한 것으로 나타나고 있어 거래비용이나 현지시장 친숙도가 중요한 해외투자 고려 요인임을 알 수 있었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2021

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is especially important for developing countries. This study investigates the determinants of FDI in the case of Indonesia. Most empirical researches in this field used time series data of a single country or panel data of several countries. Although panel data analysis is more comprehensive, however results taken from cross-country analysis cannot be directly applied to any specific country in the dataset and therefore lacks practicality. In this research, panel data analysis of a single country is performed to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings. Five determinants of FDI are tested using panel data of 33 Indonesian provinces over 10-year period of time. Two methodologies are adopted, random/fixed effects model and Granger Causality. The results show that only market size significantly affects FDI when tested using both methodologies. Human capital and financial market development show significant result in one of the two methodologies. While, economic growth and infrastructure did not show any significant results at all. This research stresses the importance of comprehensive single country analysis since only one out of five commonly discussed determinants is applicable in the case of Indonesia. Governments should therefore carefully reconsider the use of cross-country analysis as a basis of their policy formulations.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.35-58
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• 2020

Purpose - This study examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) location choice for Chinese firms, focusing on the agglomeration effect for firms of the same nationality. Design/methodology - The empirical data are China's inward FDI from the top 19 economies (excluding tax havens and Taiwan) in terms of FDI during 1997-2015 and China's outward FDI from the top 18 economies (excluding tax havens). This study uses a random effects generalized least squares model for panel data analysis. Findings - The results confirm that both host countries' costs and market conditions and the degree of agglomeration affect these countries' attractiveness for FDI inflows. Specifically, agglomeration has a significant effect on China's inward and outward FDI. This study confirms that the agglomeration of firms of the same nationality has predictive power for multinational enterprises' FDI location choices. The host countries' real GDP and trade openness also positively affect FDI inflows. Interestingly, however, China's production cost has a positive effect. Thus, inward FDI aimed at entering the Chinese market is increasing in recent years relative to the previous efficiency-seeking FDI. Inward FDI in China is therefore the market-entry type, whereas outward FDI by Chinese firms is the market-oriented type. Originality/value - These results suggest that the effects of the potential determinants of Chinese outward FDI are similar to those of inward FDI as China's trade liberalization progresses.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 2019

Recently there are sharp increase in number of studies related with facilitation of Inward-FDI or Multinational Enterprises invested in Korea region. The most of studies are mainly purposing to survey - 1)how Korea Government makes counter plan and assistance policy to make foreign capital and Inward-FDI more attractively and aggressively, 2)what is the new framework or system for Inward-FDI policy, 3)what is economic effect of Inward-FDI, 4)what are determinants or conclusive factors of FDI in Korea. Under this situation, the goal of this report is to find out the new way for Multinational Enterprises to reinvest continuously thru getting their better investment performances on several factors including Marketing Competence, Management Ability, Localization Management Skill, Business Management Strategy, and R&D Competitiveness which would be much more important determinants influencing re-investment of Multinational Enterprises in Kora. This report based on the empirical result and comprehensive analysis will eventually help policy makers to implement the appropriate strategy and support Multinational Enterprises to proceed positive circle's re-investment activity in the end.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제32권
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• pp.113-162
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• 2006

The objective of this study is to find out the below mentioned answers including main determinants of FDI in India by Korean firms. Which factors can attract Korean companies to invest in India ? What will be the lessons for Korean companies which are willing to invest in India, in the near future ? What will be the recommendations for Indian governments to attract more and more Korean firms ? In summary, it is clear that Indian market potentials(or attractiveness) and production factors as locational factors are found to be the most important determinants of FDI in India.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the key determinants in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows by using a balanced data panel for the period from 1995 to 2018. This study covers GCC countries in their entirety. The study uses ten explanatory variables, namely, trade ratio, gross domestic product, external balance, fuel exports, gross savings, international tourism, military expenditure, net foreign assets, services value added, and total natural resources. The authors have tried to find the best fit model from the differences methods considered such as OLS, GLS regression with the help of Hausman test, and country by country regressions as additional analysis. The study revealed a significantly positive association between inflation, trade ratio, gross domestic product, gross savings, and net foreign assets with FDI. On the contrary, international tourism was revealed to have a negative association with FDI. The sample of all GCC countries chosen for this study has not been considered widely by any earlier study. Moreover, this study covered many determinants of FDI that add to the previous literature. It is a significant contribution to the current research body and stresses the originality of this paper.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.287-297
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• 2020

The research aims to investigate the impact levels of determinants on the loyalty of accountants to FDI firms underlying investment management in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi, Vietnam. We conducted a questionnaire consisting of 31 observation variables with a 5-point Likert scale. Independent variables were measured from 1 "without effect" to 5 "strongly". The method of data collection was done through the survey and subjects are accountants in FDI firms doing business in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi. After checking the information on the votes, there are 120 questionnaires with full information for data entry and analysis, This study employs Cronbach's Alpha test, and regression model. The results show that seven determinants including Working environment, The characteristics of working; Training, promotion prospects and development; Income, Personal characteristic, Collective work together and The method of leading had positive relationships with the loyalty of accountants. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given related to such determinants to improve the loyalty of accountants of FDI firms in general and FDI firms in Thanglong Industrial Park in Hanoi in particular. With which, those firms can enhance performance, reduce financial strain, saving on investment in the recruiting process of new staff, increase profitability to ensure investment management.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.429-449
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 지난 30년간의 한국 해외직접투자 자료를 이용하여 투자유형과 제도적 거리가 해외직접투자의 의사결정에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 한국기업의 해외직접투자 총액을 종속 변수로 시장추구, 효율성추구, 전략적자산 추구, 자원추구와 같은 투자유형과 경제적 거리, 정치적 거리, 문화적 거리와 같은 제도적 거리를 독립변수로 하여 패널분석을 시행하였다. 분석결과, 한국기업들은 시장추구(시장크기), 효율성추구, 전략적자산 추구를 위해 해외직접투자를 수행하는 것으로 나타났으며, 제도적 거리 중 경제적 거리가 해외직접투자에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, IMF 외환위기 전후로 해외직접투자 결정요인의 변화에 대해서도 비교분석 하였다. 분석결과, IMF 외환위기 이전에는 시장추구, 전략적자산 추구를 위해 해외직접투자를 수행하는 것으로 나타났으며, IMF 외환위기 이후에는 시장추구(절대적 시장크기, 시장성장률), 전략적자산 추구형 투자와 아울러 효율성 추구형 투자를 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, IMF 외환위기 이전과는 다르게 제도적 요인 중 경제적 거리 변수인 투자대상국의 FDI 투자에 대한 개방성, 투자국과의 교역량이 해외직접투자와 양(+)의 유의적 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.173-183
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• 2020

The paper investigates the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Vietnam in 2000-2019 period. This study uses difference Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) and Pooled Mean Group (PMG) to analyse panel data officially provided by General Statistical Office of Vietnam. The results show that market size impacts positively significant on FDI attraction: 1% -1.45% (PMG) and 1% -1.25% (GMM). Besides, some other factors have positive influences as labor force, macroeconomic policy, macroeconomic stability and skilled labor. Meantime, the trade openness negatively affects FDI inflows in the short-term, while not being statistically significant in the long-term. Moreover, economic shocks often have a negative impact on FDI inflows. The findings of this study lead to the following recommendations. First, authorities should pay special attention to encourage economic growth rate in Vietnam to expand market size because this is the first priority of foreign investors. Second, authorities need to continue increasing the rate of skilled labor, especially highly qualified management force, engineers and well-skilled workers. Third, the authorities should adjust trade openness to boost the role of its determinant in attracting FDI inflows. Fourth, macroeconomic stability needs to be governed by international standards in order to secure the belief of foreign investors in the long-term.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.247-265
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• 2019

This research focuses on the influences of FDI on the economic growth of four countries by Mekong river: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. At the same time, the study also analyzes the contributing of economic growth to attract FDI inflow to these countries. The panel data during the period 1998-2017 were collected from World Bank. Empirical analysis figures out that GDP, mobile phone, labor force are the determinants affecting positive to FDI and vice versa exchange rate, wage are the negative factors. Secondly, FDI, export, exchange rate, government expenditure impact positively on economic growth but inflation and population have negative effect on the economic development. Thirdly, The FDI and economic growth have impact mutually in Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand economy. FDI plays a very crucial role in contributing greatly to the economic development of the Mekong sub-region. The economic growth is higher, the FDI inflow is more attractive. From the results, some practical suggestions are offered to enhance the competitiveness in attracting FDI.