• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2004

Pressure ripples yield noise and vibration in hydraulic pipelines, which are inevitably generated by a fluctuation of flow rate in the pump mechanism, and such noise and vibration deteriorate the stability and accuracy of hydraulic systems. To reduce the pressure ripples, accumulator and hydraulic attenuator are normally used. In this study, parallel pipeline with a bent-axis piston pump is introduced to a hydraulic pipe system as a method for reducing the pressure ripples and using the transfer matrix method, the dynamic characteristics of the pipe system are analysed and compared with experimental results. The results show that the phase interference using parallel pipeline with a bent-axis piston pump is effective to reduce the pressure ripples in the hydraulic pipelines.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.319-321
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• 2001

Supply of ntrition-balanced feed is very important for growth of fish, especially for growth of early period of fish. Therefore, most of commercial feeds for larval and juvenile fish are relatively expensive due to high level of the several nutrients to satisfy their requirements for growth. Overfeeding larval fish may increase fish production cost because of larvae feeds high price and deteriorate water quality, eventually reduce growth of fish. (omitted)

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.208-217
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• 1982

To study the effect of TiC coating on weight change, microhardness, wear and heat - resistance of TiC layer, chemical vapour deposition on the various substrates has been carried out with the gaseous mixture of TiCl4, toluene, and H2 in the temperature range of 900 - 1000$^{\circ}C$. The results obtained are as follows ; (1) There is a limited value of carrier and reductant H2 gas flow rate, above which deteriorate effect on the TiC depoition arises (2) Increased thickness of TiC layer was resulted with increasing temperature and time. Better deposition was obtained with stainless steels and the best results were introduced by cobalt coating of substrates. (3) Wear resistance of the TiC coated specimen improved markedly. Heat resistivity of the coated steel showed excellent result, whereas the coated stainless Steels were infer-ior to the substrate.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.77-87
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• 2011

이 연구에서는 실내에서 스미어가 발생한 지반을 모사하고 배수재 간격에 따른 스미어의 영향이 차후의 압밀거동에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 대형압밀챔버와 모형 맨드렐 관입 장비를 이용하여 다양한 압밀시험을 실시하였고 연직배수공법의 효율을 분석하였다. 실험결과 과압밀 영역에서는 스미어의 영향범위가 증가함에 따라 침하량도 증가하였으나, 정규압밀영역에서 스미어에 의한 침하량의 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 일반적으로 연직배수재를 설치한 경우 압밀속도를 향상시킬 수 있지만, 배수재 간격비가 감소하고 배수거리가 짧아지더라도 짧아진 배수거리만큼 압밀속도가 빨라지지는 않으며 오히려 압밀효율은 감소한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.317-320
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• 2001

Sweet com seeds deteriorate faster due to low starch content than field com seeds when stored for a long tenn. This study had been conducted to observe the seed deterioration of four different sweet corns in a long tenn storage conditions in room temperature. Four kinds of sweet com genes (sh2, bt, su, and se) were harvested from 15 days to 50 days after silking with 5-day intervals. These seeds were stored in the room temperature and tested for germination percentages from 3 months to 18 months period with 3-month interval. su seeds germinated better than other types of gene. Hybrid Mecca which is sh2 gene germinated better when stored for 3 months to 18 months. For all genes, mean regression equations in relation to storage periods showed linear responses. For regression equation, the slope of sh2 gene was lower than that of su gene. The highest slope value was observed in bt gene showing faster deterioration rate. The rate at which seed deteriorates seems to be affected by the date at which it was harvested. The seeds that were harvested at the optimum time deteriorated more slowly than those which were not.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38B권10호
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• pp.832-842
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• 2013

Cognitive Radio has attracted intensive interests of the researchers, recently. The data rate always increases in the emerging technologies. The increased data rate poses mainly two challenges for spectrum sensing. One is that the state of primary user (PU) is fast and alternatively varying between "on/off" in a spectrum sensing window. The other is that the asynchronicity among the reports in a cooperative spectrum sensing setting becomes more apparent. Both of them would deteriorate the spectrum sensing performance. Thus, we propose an asynchronous cooperative spectrum sensing method to cope with these two challenges. A likelihood ratio test based spectrum sensing is developed for a single cooperator. The likelihood ratio is obtained in the setting of fast varying PU state. The likelihood ratio test is uniformly powerful according to the Neyman-pearson lemma. Furthermore, the asynchronicity among the cooperators are studied. Two sets of fusion weights are discussed for the asynchronous time among cooperators. One is designed based on the condition probability of the PU state variation and the other one is designed based on the queueing theory. The simulation results are provided with different fusion methods. The performance improvements are demonstrated.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to determine an optimal production time for economic production quantity model with preventive maintenance and random defective rate as the function of a machinery deteriorates. Methods: If a machinery shifts from "in-control" state to "out-of-control" state, a proportion of defective items being produced increases. It is assumed that time to state shift is a random variable and follows an arbitrary distribution. The elapsed time until process shift decreases stochastically as a production cycle repeats and quasi-renewal process is used to implement for production facilities to deteriorate. Results: When the exponential parameter for exponential distribution increases, the optimal production time increases. When Weibull distribution is considered, the optimal production time is closely affected by the shape parameter of Weibull distribution. Conclusion: A mathematical model is suggested to find optimal production time and optimal number of production cycles and numerical examples are implemented to validate the patterns for changes of optimal times under different parameters assumptions. The real application is implemented using the proposed approach.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2024

Proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is an efficient method for utilizing renewable energy sources such as wind and solar powers to produce green hydrogen. For PEMWE powered by renewable energy sources, its durability is a crucial factor in its performance since irregular and fluctuating characteristics of renewable energy sources, especially for wind power, can deteriorate the stability of PEMWE. Triangular voltage cycle is well able to simulate fluctuating wind power, but its effect on the durability has not been investigated extensively. In this study, the performance degradation of the PEMWE cell operated with the triangular voltage cycling was investigated at different ramping rates. The measured current responses during the cycling gradually decreased for both ramping rates, and I-V curve measurements before and after the cycling confirmed the degradation of the performances of PEMWE. For both measurements, the degradation rate was larger for 300 mV s^-1 than 30 mV s^-1, and they were determined as 0.36 and 1.26 mV h^-1 (at the current density of 2 A cm^-2) at the ramping rates of 30 and 300 mV s^-1, respectively. The comparison with other studies on triangular voltage cycling also indicate that an increase in the ramping rate accelerates the deterioration of the PEMWE performance. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy results showed that the Ir catalyst was oxidized and did not dissolve during the voltage cycling. This study suggests that the ramping rate of the triangular voltage cycling is an important factor for the evaluation of the durability of PEMWE cells.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.302-312
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• 2001

칩과 칩 사이의 전송 속도가 증가함에 따라, 누화 및 스위칭 잡음에 의한 시스템의 성능 저하가 심각해지고 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 인터페이스는 한 심벌 펄스의 상승/하강 에지 위치에 데이터를 엔코딩하고, 천이 방향이 반대인 P-CTR과 N-CTR (positive/Negative Constant Transition Rate)을 사용하며, P-CTR 드라이버 2개 묶음과 N-CTR 드라이버 2개 묶음을 교대로 배치하여 버스를 구성한다. 제안하는 P/N-CTR 코드 인터페이스에서는 임의의 한 배선에 대해서 양옆의 이웃한 배선 신호가 동시에 같은 방향으로 스위칭하는 경우가 발생하지 않기 때문에 최대 누화 잡음과 최대 스위칭 잡음을 기존의 I/O 인테페이스 보다 감소시킬 수 있다. 제안하는 인터페이스 방식의 잡음 감소 특성을 검증하기 위하여 다양한 배선 구조와 여러 비트 폭의 버스 구조에 적용하고, 0.35㎛ SPICE 파라미터를 이용한 HSPICE 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 제안한 인터페이스는 기존의 인터페이스와 비교하여 32 비트 미만의 버스에서는 최대 누화 잡음이 최소26.78 % 감소하고, 누화는 50 % 감소한다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The increase of OCC solid content after wet pressing will save drying energy greatly. We applied spacers, which used to increase draining rate and bulk in fiber furnishes, to increase the OCC solid contents. MDF fibers (fibers for making medium density fiberboard) and diatomaceous earth were used as spacers, and added 10% by weight to the OCC fiber furnish. Application of high wet pressing pressure to the mixed furnish of spacers and refined OCC did not deteriorate bulk and drainage rate, but their solid contents were increased to 0.5-1.5% without loss of compressive strength when compared to those of unrefined OCC, which is the furnish normally used for mill commercial practice. It is believed that the spacers caused the rate of solid content increase faster in the mixed furnish with OCC at high wet pressing pressure area than the unrefined OCC furnish did. Little amount of starch addition (0.5%) to the spacers helped to keep the strength properties.