• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.27 no.9
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• pp.946-951
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• 2005

In this wort plasma treatment was evaluated as an alternative clean desizing technology. Size materials such as PVA(polyvinyl alcohol), PACL(polyacrylic acid esters) and their mixture on PET(polyethylene terephthalate) fabrics were treated by $N_2$ and $O_2$ plasma. $O_2$ plasma was more efficient in size removal than $N_2$ plasma, and the removal of PVA was higher than that of PACL. SEM(scanning emission microscopy) pictures of the plasma treated samples directly proved the disappearance of sizing agents. After $O_2$ plasma treatment, the PET fabrics were subjected to conventional desizing process. Compared with untreated fabrics, the desizing effluent from the treated fabrics gave lower TOC, COD and $BOD_5$ values. This indicates plasma treatment not only serves to directly remove sizing agents but also offered several advantages by changing the chemical properties of sizing agents. Lastly, the effect of plasma desizing process on dyeing was examined using color difference and dyeing fastness tests. The CCM(computer color matching) results showed rotor difference between PET fabric desized by $O_2$ plasma treatment for 20 min and reference PET fabric desized by the conventional wet desizing process was around 1. This suggests the treated PET fabric can be directly subjected to dyeing process without any additional process. The plasma treated fabric also gave a good result of dyeing fastness so that grades of laundering, crocking, heat and light fastness were same or even better than the reference PET fabric did.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2005

Study on the use of enzymes for textile wet processing has been very active. The exploratory research conducted herein is related to the bioscouring process for cotton fabric. The optimum concentration of alkaline pectinase(BioPrep) was in the range of 0.05～0.2 g/l, the proper treatment time was 30～60 minutes, the appropriate treatment temperature was $60^{\circ}C$ for both the batch method and the padding method. The simultaneous desizing/bioscouring by padding method did not give water absorbency as good as the bioscouring after desizing. Color of fabrics which were bioscoured and dyed with direct dyes and a reactive dye was just a little darker than that of NaOH scoured one. K/S and Lab values of the bioscoured fabrics, regardless of the degree of water absorbency, were quite similar to each other.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of a scouring machine including an ultrasonic system on desizing and scouring polyester fabrics. The ultrasonic frequency of the improved machine showed up at 28.882 kHz. Frequency amplitude increased with the current and the bath temperature, and then showed a constant level. Scouring effect of the ultrasonic machine was better than that of the conventional scouring machine using the mechanical stirring. The ultrasonic machine showed the optimum scouring effect at $50^\circ{C}$ of bath temperature and 10 min. of operation time, as compared to the conventional machine that required operating conditions of high temperature at $90^\circ{C}$, stirring speed at 40 rpm, and stirring time for 15 min..

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.142-146
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• 2002

• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.10-17
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• 2009

Degradation of the organic component in the waste were carried out by superheated steam in a pressurized vessel. The effects of waste characteristics, reaction temperature and residence time on the degradation rate have been determined. The biodegradable organic components such as food and paper waste have been degraded, and plastics, wood and metal were remained without degradation. The degradation efficiency is decided by the desizing rate of the waste, and the waste mixture with 23% biodegradable organic component shows higher desizing rate than that of the 43% of the biodegradable organic component in a short residence time and the desizing rate is found to be 90% in the maximum condition.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.31-38
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• 2004

Polyester fabrics, which is a major product in Daegu and Kyungbuk district, recently have a frequent warp streak phenomenon of sizing textiles for peach skin. So, this paper intensively focuses on the analysis of finding causes of poor products which may be produced in the process of sizing. Depending on the changes of sizing yarn's physical characteristic varying on sizing conditions, results of the research are as followed. 1. Sizing add-on rate, following tension changes of originally supplied yarn in sizing, does not fluctuate until 30g sizing tension, but marks high on the increase of sizing speed. 2. Sizing add-on amount increases approximately by 2.5% when interlacing pressure is raised from 1.5kg/$cm^2$ to 3.5kg/$cm^2$ at $130^{\circ}C$ sizing temperature. 3. Following the increase of sizing tension from 10g to 50g, boiling shrinkage rate of desizing yarn changes approximately from 7% to 11%. But the more sizing temperature and speed increases, the bigger the change rate becomes. 4. The thermal stress of desizing yarn is sensitively influenced by sizing tension in the sizing degree of above $130^{\circ}C$. 5. The deviation rate of sizing yarn's initial modulus value, which is influenced by air pressure in interlacing raw yarn, marks the highest at 40g and 50g strength.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2024

To develop flexible electrode materials for wearable devices, we investigated the electrochemical characteristics of carbon fibers tow according to pretreatment. And an electrochemical non-enzymatic sensor was fabricated using glucose as a target. The carbon fibers tow was pretreated through desizing and activation processes, and activation was performed in two ways: chemical oxidation and electrochemical oxidation. Surface morphology of carbon fibers tow samples was observed by SEM and their electrochemical characteristics and sensing performance were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronoamperometry. Carbon fibers tow samples showed improved electrochemical properties such as reduced R_et, ΔE_p, and increased I_p through pretreatment. And similar electrochemical properties were obtained with both activation methods. We selected electrochemically activated carbon fibers tow as the final electrode material for application of electrochemical sensor. The non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on this electrode has an enhanced sensitivity of 0.744 A/mM (in a linear range of 0.09899~3.75423 mM) and 0.330 mA/mM (3.75423~50 mM), respectively. Through this study, the possibility of using carbon fibers tow was confirmed as an electrode material. It is expected to be used as basic research for development of high-performance flexible electrode materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Fiber Society Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.396-399
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• 2002

면섬유는 천연적으로 지방, 왁스, 펙틴, 단백질 등 비섬유소 물질과 천연색소를 지니고 있는데다가, 제직 시 제직성 향상을 위해 가호를 하게 된다. 그러므로, 면섬유의 염색ㆍ가공을 효과적으로 하기 위해서 발호, 정련, 표백의 전처리 과정을 거치게 된다. 이 전처리 공정은 용수를 다량 소비하고 BOD/COD등의 폐수부하가 크므로 환경부하 감소의 차원에서 용수 재사용 기술개발과 환경친화적인 조제의 사용이 바람직하다. (중략)

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.47-51
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• 2004

A differential refractive index detector was used for monitoring glucose contents in textile processing solutions. The sensitivity of the device was high enough to measure 0.05％ aqueous glucose solution that could not be measured by normal refractive index measurement. The device was set to monitor glucose concentration continuously in real time by measuring differential refractive index and calibrated by standard glucose solutions in a range of 0.1 to 1.0%. The possibility of industrial application of the device was demonstrated by real-time monitoring of glucose concentration in textile processing solutions such as desizing bath and cellulase treatment bath. Both of solutions contained glucose as a major degraded product. The device would be able to control the weight loss of cellulosic fiber during cellulase treatment since the amount of degraded products in a processing bath is proportional to its weight loss.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.31A no.3
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• pp.68-76
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• 1994

In the automatic transistor sizing with computer for optimizing delay and the chip area of CMOS digital circuits, conventionally either a mathematical method or a heuristic method has been used. In this paper, we present a new method of transistor sizing, a sort of combination of the above two methods, in which the mathematical method is used for sizing of critical paths and the heuristic method is used for desizing of non-critical paths. In order to reduce the overall problem dimension, a basic block called an extended stage is introduced which includes a basic stage, parallel transistors and complementary part. Optimization for multiple critical paths is formulated as a problem of area minimization subject to delay constraints and is solved by the augmented Lagrange multiplier method. The transistor sizes along non-critical paths are decreased successively without affecting the critical path delay times. The proposed scheme was successfully applied to several test circuits.