• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2021

In the remodeling projects, clients without architectural expertise have limitations in presenting requirements accurately. In some cases, designers and contractors may not recognize their demands exactly, and deliver final products that are different from the clients' intentions. 3D modeling visualizing final products in previous has been regarded as a solution to enhance understanding and communication. However, this approach has the limitation that the final results are presented as a virtual outputs. In the remodeling project, an alternative, mixed-reality, is likely to reinforce the reality as it enables to present remain structure and the parts to be built together. This paper examines the mixed reality as a solution to support decision making of clients and practitioners in remodeling projects. The examinations is conducted in high-rise office remodeling projects by means of action-research. Clients and practitioners, overview product models presented in the format of 2D drawings, BIM and mixed reality asked to evaluate the effectiveness of each methods in 12 standards. The results have shown that mixed reality has improved the sense of reality, making it easier to predict results, but recognizing patterns is difficult in some areas such as the floor, and it caused dizziness.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.9-18
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• 2017

Construction Management at Risk (CMAR) is a project delivery method that enables CM companies to deliver projects at a Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP). General contractors can apply CMAR from the initial design phase right through the construction phase to reduce risks and improve project performance. One of the major advantages CMAR offers is that it permits a general contractor to provide a comprehensive suite of preconstruction services, including estimating, a constructability review, value engineering, drawings and a specification review, green building, and Building Information Modeling(BIM), among others. However, general contractors in South Korea currently provide only limited preconstruction services using CMAR because few CMAR projects have yet been implemented in Korea and their experience using the method is therefore limited. This benchmark study of how foreign general contractors utilize CMAR in their projects, particularly during the preconstruction process, its purpose, and the roles and responsibilities of each of the different participants in successful implementations thus provides invaluable information and will serve as a useful guide for Korean contractors seeking to incorporate CMAR preconstruction services in their projects and thus improve the competitiveness of their construction businesses.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.157-166
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• 2020

Automated rebar fabrication, which requires effective information exchange between model designers and fabricators, has brought the integration and interoperability of data from different sources to the notice of both academics and industry practitioners. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) was one of the most commonly used data formats to represent the semantic information of prefabricated components in buildings, whereas the data format utilized by rebar fabrication machine is BundesVereinigung der Bausoftware (BVBS), which is a numerical data structure exchanging reinforcement information through ASCII encoded files. Seamless transformation between IFC and BVBS empowers the automated rebar fabrication and improve the construction productivity. In order to improve data interoperability between IFC and BVBS, this study presents an IFC extension based on the attributes required by automated rebar fabrication machines with the help of Information Delivery Manual (IDM) and Model View Definition (MVD). IDM is applied to describe and display the information needed for the design, construction and operation of projects, whereas MVD is a subset of IFC schema used to describe the automated rebar fabrication workflow. Firstly, with a rich pool of vocabularies practitioners, OmniClass is used in information exchange between IFC and BVBS, providing a hierarchy classification structure for reinforcing elements. Then, using International Framework for Dictionaries (IFD), the usage of each attribute is defined in a more consistent manner to assist the data mapping process. Besides, in order to address missing information within automated fabrication process, a schematic data mapping diagram has been made to deliver IFC information from BIM models to BVBS format for better data interoperability among different software agents. A case study based on the data mapping will be presented to demonstrate the proposed IFC extension and how it could assist/facilitate the information management.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.163-173
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• 2017

Structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure using fiber Bragg grating sensor networks (FBGSNs) has received significant public attention in recent years. However, there is currently little research on the health-monitoring technology of high-piled wharfs in coastal ports using the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor technique. The benefits of FBG sensors are their small size, light weight, lack of conductivity, resistance corrosion, multiplexing ability and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Based on the properties of high-piled wharfs in coastal ports and servicing seawater environment and the benefits of FBG sensors, the SHM system for a high-piled wharf in the Tianjin Port of China is devised and deployed partly using the FBG sensor technique. In addition, the health-monitoring parameters are proposed. The system can monitor the structural mechanical properties and durability, which provides a state-of-the-art mean to monitor the health conditions of the wharf and display the monitored data with the BIM technique. In total, 289 FBG stain sensors, 87 FBG temperature sensors, 20 FBG obliquity sensors, 16 FBG pressure sensors, 8 FBG acceleration sensors and 4 anode ladders are installed in the components of the back platform and front platform. After the installation of some components in the wharf construction site, the good signal that each sensor measures demonstrates the suitability of the sensor setup methods, and it is proper for the full-scale, continuous, autonomous SHM deployment for the high-piled wharf in the costal port. The South 27# Wharf SHM system constitutes the largest deployment of FBG sensors for wharf structures in costal ports to date. This deployment demonstrates the strong potential of FBGSNs to monitor the health of large-scale coastal wharf structures. This study can provide a reference to the long-term health-monitoring system deployment for high-piled wharf structures in coastal ports.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.49-59
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• 2012

This study suggested a new model in consideration of long life and constructability of apartment house suggested in the former part. New model suggested the possibility of cost saving based on the idea that people trend to reject because of the recognition that the new model would cost a lot of expense which work as the barrier for the expansion and distribution at the local market so as to prepare the ground for its activation. The Study was aimed at verifying the possibility of cost saving through comparing it with the existing standard apartment house system centered on the skeleton and cladding system among the new structural design models suggested in the former part. Assuming that these existing standard both models should be changed structural design into new model system, the quantity volume, cost and construction period along with the alteration of finished materials between two models were compared altogether. Simultaneously BIM library was built for easy taking-off bill of quantity and consideration of working methodology for construction working cycle, which was translated into construction cost so as to derive the cost of the two subject systems to be counted. Through the analysis, it was concluded that new model would secure variability in the future and constructability along with shortening the construction period (29%) and achieve cost saving (13%) of construction against the those of existing model.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.188-196
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• 2007

Because the construction is becoming bigger and the construction environment is rapidly changing, IT/IS(Information Technology and Information System) of the construction is recently suggested with the alternative proposal. So not only is a study progressed in the area of the BIM(Buidilng Information Modeling), VC(Virtual Construction) and CIC (Computer-Integrated Construction) but also of the information database of the construction for building the information infrastructure of the construction in the domestic construction. Because object-oriented 3D CAD improves the efficiency of a design work and includes the object information which can use with the base of the information database of the construction, it has the high value not only in the design level but also in the construction life cycle. But compared with the effect, the use of 3D CAD is sluggish in the construction. In this study, after surveying about lowly using 3D CAD on the point of AEC (Architect-Engineer-Contract), the result is analyzed with AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process). So the aim of this study is to offer the base to find the solution of the Affecting factors about lowly using 3D CAD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.154-160
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• 2006

There wasn't very successful practice cases for the quantity take-off based on the CAD system since the CAD system is used in the construction industry more than 20 years in Korea. It was also not easy to use 3D CAD system in design management and cost management in the construction industry although 3D CAD system is very successful in the manufacturing industry for those areas recently. It is important to construct 3D libraries and to supply those libraries for the designers in time. Architectural work is a kind of creative work. So, Architects like to create their own model. Unlike the manufacturing industry, 3D CAD system can not be survived in the construction industry without new 3D objects supply in the right time. Moreover, the estimation system for 3D must support the schematic design phase, detailed design phase and construction design phase. The product called "Constructor" of Graphisoft consist of modeller, estimator and scheduler based on 3D model. We applied the system to a real project and compared the estimation result and we made a very successful case study.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2017

Recently, as user feedback such as social reading become active, demand has been increased on e-book contents making which is based on user feedback. However, to reflect the user feedback onto the e-book, direct coding is required, which was difficult to the author who was not good at programming. To resolve this problem, Block assembly style feedback editor system, using Blockly was developed. This editor enables to reflect the user feedback by area allocation, component allocation, block editing, and code generating insertion, contrary to the existing way of programming realization in which direct coding was required for input, processing and output separately. This system was developed by using HTML. Javascript, PHP, and Codeigniter. Block editing is enabled to do provision and assembly of blocks by Blockly. The function of code generation & insertion allows to insert the Library function code. Through this system, the general users who are not capable of coding also can reflect feedback without doing actual coding.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2008

The process of construction industry basically consists of many complicated phase, such as planning, design, construction, MO&R(Maintenance, Operation, and Repair), and deconstruction. And various participants communicate each other during every phase of process. Since construction components have become more complex and diverse recently, many researches on how to exchange and standardization of building. However, in Korea research on IFC(Industry Foundation Classes) which is a standard for international data exchange have been conducted with only study limited Issues, such as studies on the development of 2D extension model for IFC, researches on 3D or 4D based IFC extension, and etc. This stuff covers tests of the compatibility among commercial 3D CAD programs using IFC file format. Several problems of the current IFC model are retrieved as a result.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.434-440
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• 2013

Generally, the envelope of a freeform building is composed of a structure made with rectangular or C-shaped steel pipe, and steel or aluminum panel finishes on the structure. However, these construction methods increase material loss and cost and time. There are also numerous cases of misunderstanding of design and difficulties in construction, which frequently cause construction errors. Such construction errors decrease construction productivity, resulting in poor construction quality and the need for rework, as well as cost and time overruns. To solve the problem, this study proposes a 3D coordinate control technology for freeform structure implemented through a CNC(Computerized Numerical Control) Twisted tube method, and by extension, develops a BIM-based envelope construction method for freeform building.