• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.333-340
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of oral health education using Qraycam. The study materials used oral hygiene examination, oral health attitude and oral health behavior scores, and compared their pre and post results. This study was a pre-post test design for a single group. The research period was from September to mid-December, 2018. The subjects of the study were 33 participants who visit for the class and 33 students for the survey of education preference. The data analysis used IBM SPSS 24.0 Ver, a significant level was 0.05. As a result, O' Leary index and halitosis as oral hygiene examination were significantly reduced according to intervention pre and post using Qraycam (p<.001). The oral health attitude and oral health behavior score were statistically significantly high according to intervention pre and post using Qraycam (p<.001). The satisfaction level was significantly high when using Qraycam among students' preference for education methods in the categories "useful in oral health education" and "a good ability to recognize and determine plaque" (p<.001). In conclusion, oral health education using Qraycam in dental clinics will be a way to improve oral health education effects for dental hygienists.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1137-1144
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• 2019

Objective: This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of Agave tequilana inulin and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) on growth performace, hematological variables, serum metabolites, and total coliforms in nursing lambs. Methods: The experimental design was completely randomized; treatments were T1, control (pre-starter concentrate, PC), T2: T1+2% inulin, and T3: T1+2% inulin+L. casei; treatments were compared with Tukey test ($p{\leq}0.05$); and 45 new born $Kathadin{\times}Dorset lambs$ ($4.8{\pm}0.8kg$ birth weight) were the experimental units (15 per treatment). The variables were daily weight gain (DWG), dry matter intake and diarrheas incidence (%) during 56 d. Twenty-four hours after birth and at the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to evaluate hematological variables and serum metabolites. Besides, the populations of total coliforms and lactobacilli were estimated in fecal samples. Results: Addition of agave inulin and L. casei increased ($p{\leq}0.05$) DWG 356, 384, and 415 g/d, weaning weight 24.92, 26.18, and 28.07 kg, as well as lactobacilli population 5.79, 6.32, and $6.48Log_{10}cfu/g$, for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Lambs fed L. casei had decreased ($p{\leq}0.05$) populations of total coliforms (T1 = 6.18, T2 = 5.77, and $T3=5.07Log_{10}cfu/g$), diarrheas incidence (T1 = 11.67%, T2 = 8.33%, and T3 = 5.0%), and serum cholesterol concentration (11% in T2 and 13% in T3, compared to control). Conclusion: The combination of Agave tequilana inulin and L. casei increases weight gain and improves intestinal health by reducing coliforms and diarrheas incidence in $Katahdin{\times}Dorset$ lambs during the pre-weaning period.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.8
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• pp.1145-1152
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• 2019

Objective: Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a cultivated shrub grown widely in the sub-tropical and tropical areas. It has been shown that mulberry leaf contains high levels of protein while having polyphenols as phytonutrients. Therefore, it is important to conduct an experiment to assess potential toxic level from mulberry on behavior, blood hematological and coagulation parameter using Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: Both male and female SD rats were given an intragastric administration of respective treatments of mulberry leaf intakes (control, low and high levels). Parameters of feed intake, hematological and coagulation of blood parameters, as well as liveweight changes were taken during the 7 d of adaptation, 28 d of treatment exposure, and 14 d of recovery periods, respectively. All treatment data were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance of SPSS17.0 for Windows Statistical Software following the Randomized complete block design with sex as a block. Results: Most of the parameters of the physical symptoms of the SD rats, were not significantly different (p>0.05) when compared with that of the control group. Those which remain unchanged in each dose group were, body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, the hematology and coagulation indexes. Although, there were a few individual indicators that were abnormal, but the overall physiological appearance of the rats were normal. Conclusion: Results under this experiment revealed that most hematological and coagulation parameters of the SD rats in both male and female were normal, although the weight gain of female rats in high-dose group was significantly reduced than those of the male rats. Under this study, the use of mulberry leaf up to 2 g/kg BW did not result in abnormal phenomenon in the SD rats. These findings would offer useful information for further in vivo feeding trials in animals to extensively use of mulberry leaf to improve animal production, particularly in P.R. China.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.904-911
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• 2019

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of night light regimen on growth performance, antioxidant status and health of Lingnan Yellow broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age. Methods: A completely randomized factorial design involved 2 photoperiods (constant lighting [CL], 24 L:0 D and intermittent lighting [INL], 17 L:3 D:1 L:3 D)${\times}2$ light intensities (10 lx and 30 lx). A total of one thousand six hundred and eighty 1-d-old Lingnan Yellow broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 6 replicates (70 birds per replicate). The experiment lasted for 21 d. Results: Photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and mortality of the broiler chickens (p>0.05). The INL had a significant effect on average daily feed intake (p<0.05) of broiler chickens compared with CL. Photoperiod and light intensity had an interactive effect on melatonin (MT) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, reducing light intensity increased MT concentration; INL birds had higher MT but MT concentration was not affected by light intensity. There was an interactive effect on glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) in serum and total antioxidant capability (T-AOC) in liver between photoperiod and light intensity. With the decrease of light intensity, the activities of GPx and CAT in serum and T-AOC in liver increased in CL group (p<0.05). Broiler chickens reared under INL had better antioxidant status and 10 lx treatments had higher activities of CAT in serum than 30 lx (p<0.05). Different photoperiods and light intensities had no effect on malondialdehyde. There was an interaction between photoperiod and light intensity on serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration (p<0.05). At CL, the elevated light intensity resulted in an increase in CK content; INL birds had lower CK concentration especially in low light intensity group. Besides, INL and low light intensity significantly reduced the concentration of serum corticosterone and heat shock protein 70 (p<0.05). Serum immunoglobulin M contents were increased in broiler chickens reared under the INL compared with CL group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results above suggest that the night light regimen of INL and 10 lx could be beneficial to the broiler chickens from 1 to 21 days of age due to the better health status and electricity savings.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.123-130
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• 2019

The Study aims at carrying out basic research on the future housing culture plan by the aging and low fertility phenomenon which is the most serious problem that Korean society faces today. In the future, the housing culture will be transformed into a 'convergence housing complex's residential culture' that can be coexisted with households with various members, rather than a housing type represented by apartments today, due to the phenomenon of nuclear family and the increase of one resident. In this regard, this study is a basic study on the housing complex culture of Korea. It is not that the hosing complex culture has been imported from the western society today, but the Korean traditional housing complex's culture proposed by Korean first developer Segwon Jeong has already existed in Korea urban and architectural perspective. In the early 20th century, Segwon's improved Hanok planned to complement the disadvantages of the existing hanok and the modernization of hanok such as the standardization of hanok, moreover the most important point is the beginning of the Korean style housing complex by modernization of the inner space of hanok. It is expected that this study for Segwon's housing complex of improved hanok will provide important basic data for the Korean-style convergence residential culture plan needed for our society in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.407-415
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dietary habits and health risk behaviors of adolescents who experienced part-time job. For this study raw data from the 13th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2017) was examined. Dietary habits and health risk behaviors for 62,823 adolescents were analyzed according to the experience of part-time job. Collected data were analyzed with the SPSS 24.0 program using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis, to which the complex sample design was applied. The odds ratio of no fruit intake in adolescents who experienced part-time job compared to adolescents who have not experienced a part-time job was 1.20 (CI: 1.10-1.31). The odds ratio of fastfood intake in adolescents who experienced part-time job compared to adolescents who have not experienced a part-time job was 1.28 (CI: 1.19-1.38). The odds ratio of present smoking in adolescents who experienced part-time job compared to adolescents who have not experienced a part-time job was 3.48 (CI: 3.17-3.84). The odds ratio of present drinking was 3.36 (CI: 3.14-3.96). The odds ratio of high caffeine intake was 1.11 (CI: 1.04-1.19). The odds ratio of high caffeine intake was 2.29 (CI: 2.06-2.55). In developing health education programs for adolescents, it is necessary to include dietary habits and health risk behavior according to part-time experience.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.106-125
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• 2021

This paper presents several reasons for the necessity of archaeological hands-on training and strategies for its implementation. First, it is necessary to produce a specialized manual for local cultural heritage education that can enhance the specialization and educational effectiveness of archaeological experience education. In addition, in order to secure professionalism in hands-on education and conduct it systematically, the ability of instructors to conduct education is important, so instructor competence reinforcement education needs to be conducted regularly. In addition, hands-on education needs a strategy of planning and content development of archaeological education programs, with consideration given to the subjects of learning, and the establishment of a cooperative network. It is time to cooperate with various experts to establish an education system necessary for cultural heritage education in the region and develop customized content for local archaeological heritage supplementary textbooks. Finally, due to Covid-19, we agonized over effective education plans for online archaeological heritage education, which requires active interaction class design and a strategy to promote interaction between professors and learners. In addition, such archaeological heritage education should be compatible with the goal of providing customized lifelong education.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.257-263
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• 2021

This study derives the relative cross-section for the natW(p,xn)176Re nuclear reaction by measuring the gamma rays generated from the nuclear reaction with natural tungsten using a 100 MeV linear accelerator of the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex in the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. In general, research on isotopes with a short half-life always shows a tendency that the intensity of radioactivity decreases rapidly within a short period of time, making it very difficult to measure itself. In particular, 176Re is one of the relatively short radionuclides with a half-life of 5.3 minutes. In this study, 109.08 keV gamma rays generated from the 176Re isotope having such a short half-life were measured using a high-purity Ge detector(HPGe detector). The obtained relative measurements were the results in the 8 to 14 MeV proton energy domain published by Richard G. in 1967, and the TENDL-2019 value, which was the result of A. J. Koning in 2019, which evaluated the nuclear reaction cross-section by calculation based on this comparative analysis was performed. The results of this study are expected to be usefully applied to the design of nuclear fusion reactor which is known as future energy sources, elements ratio for the nuclear synthesis of astrophysics.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.39-57
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• 2021

Purpose - This research uses ocean marine insurance (OMI) statistics, international emails, focus-group interviews, and surveys to fill the gap between the theory of behavioral insurance, particularly status quo bias (SQB), and the practice of OMI in Korea. The contractual forms of OMI, the oldest and most globalized form of commercial insurance, were developed in the UK as the Institute Cargo Clauses in 1906 and revised in 1963, 1982, and 2009. SQB has been academically explored, mostly in health insurance and the financial services sector, but never in OMI. Thanks to the availability of OMI statistics in Korea, we can conduct SQB research here for the first time in this field. Design/methodology - We show the existence of SQB in the OMI of Korea through Korean statistics between 2009 and 2018, email correspondence with experts in the UK, Germany, and Japan, focus-group interviews with Korean OMI underwriters, an in-depth interview with one underwriter, and a survey of 15 OMI insureds (company representatives). Findings - We find that Korean foreign traders rely on the old-type OMI contracts developed in 1963, whereas other industrialized countries use the newest type of OMI contract developed in 2009. With a simple loss ratio analysis during 2009-2018, we show that the behavior of insurers has little to do with rational profit maximization and is instead driven by irrational bias, as they forgo the more profitable contracts provided by the new clauses by keeping the old clauses. The consistent addiction to old types of contracts in the OMI market suggests strong SQB among Korean exporters, importers, bankers, or insurers, which we confirmed in our interviews and survey. Originality/value - This research has significant originality and academic value because it reports new findings with crucial implications for the development of efficient trade practices and policy. First, this research is based on actual statistics that have not been used in previous Korean research on OMI. Second, this research shows that all-risk OMI policies provide more value to insureds, in terms of coverage given premium, than partial coverage policies, which differs from arguments previously made in Korea. Third, this research reveals strong SQB in Korea, where foreign trade plays a pivotal role in economic growth. That bias could be attributable to uninformed traders, informed but idle insurers, or conservative bankers. Fourth, to further develop foreign trade, policy initiatives are needed to review the current practices of OMI contracts and move forward with the new contract forms. All of these findings and arguments are both new and important.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-310
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• 2021

Cracks in bridges are important factors that indicate the condition of bridges and should be monitored periodically. However, a visual inspection conducted by a human expert has problems in cost, time, and reliability. Therefore, in recent years, researches to apply a deep learning model are started to be conducted. Deep learning requires sufficient data on the situations to be predicted, but bridge crack data is relatively difficult to obtain. In particular, it is difficult to collect a large amount of crack data in a specific situation because the shape of bridge cracks may vary depending on the bridge's design, location, and construction method. This study developed a crack detection model that generates and trains insufficient crack data through a Generative Adversarial Network. GAN successfully generated data statistically similar to the given crack data, and accordingly, crack detection was possible with about 3% higher accuracy when using the generated image than when the generated image was not used. This approach is expected to effectively improve the performance of the detection model as it is applied when crack detection on bridges is required, though there is not enough data, also when there is relatively little or much data f or one class.