• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.23-26
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to scrutinize the current tendency of Universal Design. The analysis unit was presentation in the proceeding of "The first International Universal Design Conference" which was held at New York in June, 1998. Sixty the presentations in the conference were analyzed using Content Analysis technique. The analysis criteria were academic vs. practical, themes, subjects, levels of UD concepts, design principles applied, and type of disability. The results were as follows. Compared with its early characteristics such as practical approach, architectural living environment, barrier free for the disabled, especially for person with mobile disability using wheelchair, and the emphasis of accessibility, UD characteristics shown in the conference evidenced a dramatic shift from them toward the new century : Its subjects became a wide range of people including the disabled departing from 'the disabled' only; The range of disability was expanded to include visual and audial disability departing from mobility only; Themes appeared very diverse such as both small and large scale environments, products, dissemination, and theory from the 'architectural environment'; Various design principles were added to early accessibility ; Commercialism was added to early Welfarism. Therefore, this conference provided empirical evidence that UD changed considerably from its early development in many aspects. It indicated the potential of UD as a big wave in the 21st century design.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.541-550
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to test the effect of the health promotion program in mid-life women. The research design was a quasi experimental, nonequivalent control-group pretest-posttest design. The data were collected from February 24 to April 14, 1998. The subjects were midlife women, ages 40 to 50 years who reside in Chonju city. The experimental group consisted of 41 subjects and the control group 40 subjects. The instruments used for the study were the Self Efficacy Scale and the Health Promotion Behavior Scale developed by Park(1995). The data was analyzed by SPSS/PC. The study results were as follows : Through the 7 week education program for health promotion, self efficacy and health behavior were effectively changed in middle-aged.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.117-128
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• 2000

Initially, QFD (Quality Function Deployment) was introduced in 1972 to help design supertanker in Mitsubish's shipyards in Kob, Japan and formally defined by the American Supplier Institute in 1987 as a system for translating consumer requirements into appropriate company requirements at every stage, from research, through product design and development, to manufacture, distribution, installation, and marketing, sales and services. Although QFD has complex and tedious procedure to complete, since 1972, it has now been used by Japanese, American, and European because of its fruitful merits. The objective of this paper is to provide and analyze the trend on the choice of cultural subjects of university students using QFD. The data are collected by questionnaires. The samples for this study are randomly chosen from the universities in Seoul, Kangnung, and Samchok during 3 months (2000. 3 ∼ 2000. 5). The results of this study will play an important role not only for service of students but also for opening of subjects.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was intended to examine an effect of taping therapy for adults suffering from ankle pain. Method: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used for the study. An experimental group had 32 subjects and a control group 23 subjects. Subjects from the experimental group were taped for 24 hours and thereafter their range of motion [ROM], pain, and discomfort in the injured ankle were evaluated. SPSS Windows was used for data analysis. Result: The degree of ROM of the taped experimental subjects was greater compared to that of non-taped control subjects. The score of ankle pain of the taped subjects was lower than that of non-taped subjects. The score of ankle discomfort of the taped subjects was lower than that of non-taped subjects. Conclusion: This taping therapy can be used independently by nurses as an effective nursing intervention to decrease ankle pain and discomfort after the injury of ankle, which would contribute to expanding a realm of nursing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.38-48
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• 2012

Since the late 20th century, sustainability is one of the most pressing concerns for the security and well-being of our society when we are witnessing the rapid change in urban landscape patterns. Responding to this issue, the discipline of environmental designs including landscape architecture has also attempted to realize this concept in various ways. The purpose of this study lies in introducing and redefining the meaning of ecological aesthetics as an alternative "sustainable" design theory. This paper theoretically discusses about the role of aesthetics in landscape design and the relationship between landscape and aesthetics to emphasize the importance of ecological aesthetics. Based on extensive literature review and analysis, the study attempts to redefine the characteristics of ecological aesthetics: an emphasis on cognitive process in landscape appreciation, environmentalism, unrestricted from style, and nonnative aesthetics. Having defined the characteristics, this study also finds several design subjects to adapt the concept of ecological aesthetics to actual design practice. Founded on the big idea "make nature visible", the defined subjects are ecological functions, temporality of landscape, and history of landscape, security, and accessibility. Also, this study stresses the importance m the creativity of the design(er) in order to effectively represent these subjects to the public.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.22-32
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is on the application of the facade design of k-national university in deagu. The subjects of the study examined 75 buildings from the 117 university buildings in main campus. The analysis items is analyzed by several elements; flat and sloping roof, main entrance, design principle, style of architecture, finishing materials, and characteristics of design surveyed by analysis items. The results are as follows: In the 1950s, 2 subjects have shown conflicting characteristics except brick finishing materials. In he 1960s, flat make up 75% of a whole, centrality in main entrances occur, but have an asymmetrical, during this period vertical motif have been underlined by repetition of column, stone has application to main adminstration building. The buildings in the 1970s were so characteristics of modern architecture by painting and flat except main entrance at the center of facade. In the 1980s, position of main entrance have a corner of a wall, finishing materials of a wall were beginning to use stone, glass and metal. The buildings in the 1990s and 2000s are looking a three-dimensional composition by rhythm of superimposition and segmentation and all finishing materials of analysis items are in use.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.69-80
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse the effects of Tai Chi on the muscle strength and flexibility. Method: 10 articles from Medline search of foreign journals(1981-2003) and 4 from Korean nursing journals (1981-2003) were surveyed. The research are analyzed according to research design, subjects, and dependent variables. Results: Research on Tai Chi Exercise increased rapidly in the 1990's. The experimental research design was more reported than the comparative design. The experimental design included; 21.4% one group pre-posttest design, 35.7% quasi-experimental design and 28.6% randomized design. Out of the subjects; 64.4% of papers were healthy older people, and 35.6% of papers were patients with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Style of Tai Chi was mostly used Yang or Sun form. Muscle strength was usually measured at lower extremity or grip strength. Classical Yang style or Long form was more effective to improve muscle strength. 75% of papers were significantly improvement in grip strength and 71.4% of papers in flexibility. Conclusion: To properly study the positive effects of Tai Chi exercise, it is suggested that meta analysis needs to be done to integrate the various results.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.10 s.200
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• pp.105-113
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• 2004

This research was designed to investigate the preferred textiles for the jackets of college students. 105 subjects that majored in fashion design were surveyed. The subjects selected three favorite materials, according to the seasons, among 120 samples presented in a swatch book and their frequency of choice was tallied. The extent of the subjects' preference was compared by season and gender The results of this study were as follows: 1. College students preferred dark Grayish Brown plain variation wool Crossbred foremost as a textile for the spring and fan season. 2. White plain cotton Plisse was the most preferred material for summer. 3. Olive Gray cotton Corduroy was the most preferred textile for winter. 4. For thickness and weight, the textiles chosen for winter were thicker and heavier than those chosen for other seasons. 5. For fiber content, natural fiber such as wool were preferred for all seasons. 6. For the type of fabrics weave, a plain variation weave was preferred for spring and fall, twill was preferred for winter and plain weave was preferred for summer. 7. Collage students preferred gray and brown tones for the spring, fall and winter season. For color characteristics, solid fabrics were generally preferred and check patterns were especially preferred for the winter season. 8. Girl students generally preferred lighter and thinner fabrics than those chosen by boys.

• Architectural research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2008

Designing environments for the elderly includes studying changes in the elderly themselves, changes in their environment, and changes in the intercommunication between the elderly and their environment. The purpose of this study is to provide guidelines for a ubiquitous environment in which seniors can "age in place," using an environment-behavioral approach. 305 subjects aged 45 to 78 take part in the survey research. Temporal sequence (age groups) and behavior (daily activities) are considered as the significant variables to design digital services for the elderly in the perspective of an environment-behavioral approach. Several conclusions can be made. (1) The characteristics of subjects in the over-65 age group shows that they manage an independent lifestyle even if they realize some body functions deteriorate as they age. (2) Over-65 age group is more engaged in healthcare and pastime activities. The male subjects of it are most inactive. (3) The IDA (importance of daily activities) and FDA (frequency of daily activities) are classified by five to six factors in each group. The IDA and FDA of the group aged over 65 differ from other age groups. (4) Five affordance dimensions of digital services for the elderly are proposed: Healthcare, Domesticity, Mobility & Security, Network, and Recreation & Pastime. These affordance dimensions will help research groups or companies design ubiquitous environments to enhance the quality of life of seniors.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.127-142
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors of middle aged male consumers according to objectified body consciousness. The subjects were 329 male adults aged from 40 to 59, and measuring instruments consisted of objectified body consciousness, clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors, and subjects' demographics attributions. The data were analyzed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple response analysis, cross tabs analysis, and $x^2$ test using the SPSS program. The results were as follows. First, three factors (body shame, body surveillance, and control belief) emerged on objectified body consciousness. Second, subjects were divided into 2 groups (objectified group and non-objectified group) by objectified body consciousness. Third, these two consumer groups showed many differences regarding clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors. The objectified group showed many more positive clothing and cosmetics purchasing behaviors than the non-objectified group in terms of purchase motives, selection criteria, information source, purchase place, and purchase cost per month. These results show that objectified body consciousness is a useful variable for understanding adult male clothing and cosmetics purchasing behavior and to segment the male consumer market effectively.