• 소성∙가공
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2005

Design modification of the stamping die for the upper member of a front end module carrier is carried out in order to improve the surface quality of the final product. The small inferiority induced by wrinkling near the wall of the upper member has been inspected after the draw-forming process. The finite element analysis is pursued with the whole geometry in order to consider the complicated shape. The simulation shows that the excess metal is developed by the irregular contact of the blank the tool and it remains after the final stroke. This paper proposes two guidelines for the modification. One is to add the draw-bead near the critical region in order to increase the draw-in force. The other is to modify the tool shape such as the forming shape at the wall in order to absorb the excess metal before the final stroke. Simulation results show that the proposed guidelines both guarantee the improved surface quality.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.109-121
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• 2004

This paper presents an optimal design method for structure-borne durability of a vehicle body structure. Structure-borne durability design requires a new design that can increase fatigue lives of critical areas in a structure and must prohibit transition phenomenon of critical areas that results from modification of the structure at the same time. Therefore, the optimization problem fur structure-borne durability design are consists of an objective function and design constraints of 2 types; type 1-constraint that increases fatigue lives of the critical areas to the required design limits and type 2-constraint that prohibits transition phenomenon of critical areas. The durability design problem is generally dynamic because a designer must consider the dynamic behavior such as fatigue analyses according to the structure modification during the optimal design process. This design scheme, however, requires such high computational cost that the design method cannot be applicable. For the purpose of efficiency of the durability design, we presents a method which carry out the equivalent static design problem instead of the dynamic one. In the proposed method, dynamic design constraints for fatigue life, are replaced to the equivalent static design constraints for stress/strain coefficients. The equivalent static design constraints are computed from static or eigen-value analyses. We carry out an optimal design for structure-borne durability of the newly developed bus and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method by examination of the result.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.293-300
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• 2007

Purpose: To examine the effect of the exercise behavior modification therapy one the obesity control and self-esteem of the obese female college students. Method: Data was collected from March 10, 2006 to June 10, 2006. The research design was adopted randomized control group (EG=exercise group) pretest-posttest experimental ($E{\cdot}BG$=exercise${\cdot}$behavior modification therapy group) design. The subjects were nursing students at T college. A total of 37 obese female college students (BMI: over $27mg/m^2$) were selected for this research. The exercise program was executed for 12 weeks and 4 days a week, and the behavior modification was therapy performed for 12 weeks and 60 minutes per week. The data were analyzed with the SPSS Win 12.0 program through the Mann-Whitney test. Result: BMI (Z=-3.049, p=.002) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was significantly different from the EG. The Total Cholesterol(Z=-1.162, p= .250) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was not significantly different from the EG. The self-esteem(Z=-3.196, p= .001) of the $E{\cdot}BG$ was significantly different from the EG. Conclusion: The exercise behavior modification therapy was more effective than the exercise therapy in improving the obesity and self-esteem of the obese female college students.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.141-151
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• 2012

Korea is a fast growing aging society. Growing older population causes various social issues and problems in many aspects. Housing issue is one of them and residential modifications for improving safety and independence for older residents are very important factor for Aging in Place. Under those social circumstances, the purpose of this study was to analyze the residential modification demand by the elderly on the application of ubiquitous home services. Respondents were the residents those who were over 55 years old, were living in a singe detached house and were able to use a computer. The major findings of this study were as follows: the results on current situations and demands for residential modifications showed that respondents already made mean of 4.9 home modification items and wanted to make mean of 12.4 items out of 21 residential modification items. The results on demands for the ubiquitous home services was relatively high(mean 3.82). This study can be an important information which is able to improve the quality of life by providing effective residential modifications for older population to help them ultimately safe, convenient, and independent living.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.62-70
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• 1988

This study was conducted to solve the problems for the unsuitable parameters and the uncertainty of design flood can be appeared by low outliers were inclined to the lower part from the trend of the balance of the data. Derivation of reasonable design flood was attempted finally by modification of low outliers with analysis of flood frequency by means of Log Pearson Type Ill distribution. Three subwatersheds were selected as studying basins with the annual maximum series including low outliers along Geum River basin. The results through this study were analyzed and summarized as follows. 1. Log Pearson Type In distribution was confirmed as a reasonable one by X$^2$ goodness of fit test at Gong Ju, Gyu Am, og Cheon watershed along Geum River basin. 2. Probable flood flows for each watershed were derivated by flood frequency curve with outliers. 3. Weighted skew coefficient for each watershed was calculated for the evaluation of freq- uency factor which is needed for the modification of low outlier. 4. It was confirrned that adjusted frequency curve has a lower tendency than that of deletion of low outlier in common at all watersheds. 5. Final probable flood flows were derivated by modification with evaluation of modified basic statistics for three watersheds. 6. In comparison with a frequency curve with modification and one with outlier, The former has a higher probable flood flow within three years of return periods than that of the latter, and vice versa over three years of return periods.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.71-82
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• 2019

Most school buildings consist of reinforced concrete (RC) moment frames with masonry infills. The longitudinal direction frames of those school buildings are relatively weak due to the short-column effects caused by the partial masonry infills and need to be evaluated carefully. In 'Manual for Seismic Performance Evaluation and Retrofit of School Facilities' published in 2018, response modification factor of 2.5 is applied to non-seismic RC moment frames with partial masonry infills, but sufficient verification of the factor has not been reported yet. Therefore, this study conducted seismic performance evaluation of planar RC moment frames with partial masonry infills in accordance with both linear analysis and nonlinear static analysis procedures presented in the manual. The evaluation results from the different procedures are compared in terms of assessed performance levels and number of members not meeting target performance objectives. Finally, appropriate response modification factors are proposed with respect to a shear-controlled column ratio.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2008년도 정기 학술대회
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• pp.96-99
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• 2008

When the design modification is occurred, at present, design process based on 2-D spend more time and effort than that based on 3-D to modify related structural details. To improve and develop these processes, therefore, the design possibility of civil structures based on virtual model of 3-D must be investigated. We designed reinforced concrete pier of 3-D model, containing parameters. The parameters was defined as structural details like area of the section, reinforcement specification for design modification and structural analysis. In this paper, we researched about the processes modeling of reinforced concrete bridge pier based on parameters, the extracting data from the virtual model of 3-D, and the reflection of data to virtual model throughout structural analysis.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.52-55
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• 2002

In this research, the modification method of spherical aberration, and aspherical lens shape design method were investigated. Spherical aberration affects lens's performance directly. Many studies have attempted to remove spherical aberration with a lot of methods in order to reduce the bad effect of spherical aberration. The approach to lens shape design was base on the ray tracing method. From the result, it was confirmed that ray reverse-tracing method was convenient to remove spherical aberration, and could be used very effectively and usefully for aberration-free aspherical lens design.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.765-771
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• 2017

This paper presents concurrent design methods of surface permanent magnet synchronous machines for saliency-tracking self-sensing position estimation. Magnetic saliency for the self-sensing is created by stator pole saturation due to the rotor zigzag leakage flux. The power conversion properties such as saliency ratio, torque ripple, and efficiency vary according to motor design. The property change due to design modification is analysed by using finite element analysis, and with the appropriate design modification, proper saliency is created while preserving their power conversion capabilities.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2015

This paper describes the design of a forged fitting form to acquire a method of product design measurement by target measurement standards. The pipefitting connects each pipe and combines seals and nipples with the pipes normally. Therefore, the section combined with the fitting pipe was measured by a 3D scanner, and the acquired measurement and the design measurement were obtained after modification of the forged fitting pipe by that standard. Moreover, the accuracy of the model was verified through leakage testing of the oil and verification of the design measurement for accuracy decisions on the design measurement after modification of the product.