• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2024

Purpose: A railroad project is a complex system with large construction costs in the initial stage and ongoing operating costs over its lifecycle. Current railroad projects tend to be based on construction options, which leads to huge deficiencies in operating costs. This phenomenon results from a lack of appropriate tools to accurately estimate a railroad project's lifecycle costs. This study attempts to analyze the major components of railroad operating costs and to propose a decision-making system for analyzing the long-term lifecycle costs of railroad projects. Research design, data and methodology: We review the literature and analyze the current status of railroad operating costs in Korea and overseas. Based on previous projects, a framework for project options and operating costs is proposed. The framework is applied to actual railroad projects to demonstrate the validity of the model. Results: Case analysis shows that our framework is comprehensive in analyzing the primary aspects of railroad operating costs and plays an effective role in choosing various railroad project options. This study points out that the railway project operates inefficiently because estimating long-term costs without reflecting specific project options causes many errors. Conclusions: A major contribution of this study is the development of an improved framework for accurately estimating operating costs and providing policymakers and engineering firms with a holistic decision support system. Detailed components in estimating operating costs of the railroad business are discussed. And we present a decision-making tool that policymakers and private businesses can use in planning the railroad business.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.127-143
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• 2011

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether strategic decision-making processes are related to decision effectiveness, using a longitudinal field study design. We studied 120 decisions to determine if procedural rationality and political behavior influence decision success, controlling for the goodwill of the environment and decision implementation. Our results indicate that decision-making processes are indeed related to decision success. Results are discussed in terms of the importance of strategic choice in environmental organizations. these studies often provided simple fragments of empirical tests without a well developed theoretical framework. This study attempts to fill this gap by examining policy adoption, specifically by investigating influences on policy decision making across 120 nations using multiple-regression analysis. The greater the number of international NGOs in which a national governmental participates, the more the nation is apt to adopt international environmental policies to see how real affect.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.295-311
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• 2023

Purpose - This study investigates how review length and sentiment impact consumers' purchase intentions, using real online reviews as the data source. The study aims to understand how the length and tone of a review affect a potential buyer's decision-making process when considering a purchase. Design/methodology/approach - A 2 (comment length: long vs. short) × 2 (comment sentiment: positive vs. negative) × 2 (product type: practical vs. hedonic) experiment was conducted. Findings - Results indicate that longer reviews have a greater impact on consumers' perceived usefulness compared to short reviews, but do not affect purchase intentions. Review sentiment is found to have a stronger impact than review length, especially for negative sentiment. The study also suggests that consumers pay more attention to reviews of practical products, and that reviews have less influence on hedonic products. Research implications or Originality - The implications of these findings are relevant for both merchants managing reviews and consumers reviewing products.The results of this research could help businesses and marketers optimize their online review strategies to maximize their impact on consumer behavior.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.231-242
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• 2023

Purpose : This study aimed to identify ways to improve the quality of physical therapy research and ultimately review the current situation to improve evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy. Methods : For better evidence-based decision-making in physical therapy, researchers should review the quality assessment of articles in more detail and report their findings for valid and appropriate level of evidence and strength of recommendations. The level of evidence affects how well the findings are derived from well-designed literature. The evaluation of the evidence focuses primarily on the study design and the degree of bias that may compromise the validity of the findings. The final recommendation is based on a combination of the study design and literature quality. To uncover gems of information in each paper, a risk of bias assessment should be performed after the literature has been initially selected. Results : Researchers should consider the complexity of the intervention, appropriate grouping, and calculation of effect sizes for the intervention. Researchers conducting systematic reviews should provide a detailed description of the quality assessment performed and present a detailed analysis of their interpretation of the results. The results of systematic reviews and meta-analyses should be interpreted with caution and include a risk of bias assessment. Guidelines for the level of evidence and strength of recommendations should be developed and utilized more broadly to improve reporting practices in physical therapy. Conclusion : Researchers should be knowledgeable about the strengths and limitations of each study design and methodology. In the future, researchers will also need to improve their ability to critically evaluate their findings, given the potential for their results to influence clinical practice.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.222-232
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• 2024

New modular factory-built methodologies implemented in the construction and industrial plant industries may bring down costs for modular reactors. A factory-built environment brings about benefits such as; improved equipment, tools, quality, shift patterns, training, continuous improvement learning, environmental control, standardisation, parallel working, the use of commercial off shelf equipment and much of the commissioning can be completed before leaving the factory. All these benefits combine to reduce build schedules, increase certainty, reduce risk and make financing easier and cheaper.Currently, the construction and industrial chemical plant industries have implemented successful modular design and construction techniques. Therefore, the objectives of this paper are to understand and analyse the state of the art research in these industries through a systematic literature review. The research can then be assessed and applied to modular reactors.The literature review highlighted analysis methods that may prove to be useful. These include; modularisation decision tools, stakeholder analysis, schedule, supply chain, logistics, module design tools and construction site planning. Applicable research was highlighted for further work exploration for designers to assess, develop and efficiently design their modular reactors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 1986

The purposes of this paper are to review the concept and system structure of computer graphics and to discuss the applicability of computer graphics technique as an analysis tool in transportation studies. To do this, several applications of computer graphics used for analyzing and solving transportation system problems were described and illustrated. The results indicate that computer graphics are found to be powerful aids to the analysis and design of transportation systems that typically involve large data bases and several interacting components. The results also indicate that computer graphics can be a powerful tool for aiding planner, decision maker and citizen in making it easier to explain and interpret information through mapping and graphic display.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.451-458
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• 2014

This study is a practical research for setting a process of making references of design decision and guidlines of limitation in the movement from the design development to the construction design by StrAuto. StrAuto, as a parametric modeling and optimization tool for building structure, enables a quantity of design cases to be analyzed automatically by changing parameters of sturctural properties. So the designer using StrAuto can check a lot of analysis data crossing thousands of cases, see which case is out of acceptable range, and make a decision for design and optimization. In this thesis, the application of StrAuto optimization process to the residence tower UIC project shows the practical applicability in the construction design and value engineering. StrAuto optimized ideally volume of core walls by 31.3% and lead the final revised model applied to the construction design to reduce volume by 18.1%. The significance of this research is the implementation of process that the designer can quickly review a number of cases and get a direction for construction design and optimization after design development.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 2000

This study applies factor analysis of an author cocitation frequency matrix derived from a database file that consists of a total of 1095 cited reference records taken from 95 citing decision support systems articles published in Korean journals. This study identified the influence of social psychology, cognitive psychology, management information systems, strategic management, and organizational behavior/organizational design to the development of group support systems, user-interface, and executive information systems research subspecialties. This research establishes a benchmark to be used in the future research, which is necessary to account for the ongoing changes in the intellectual development and structure of DSS Research in Korea before solid conclusion can be reached about the maturity and on-going development of the DSS field in Korean.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 2000

By managing not only geographical information but also various kinds of attribute data. GIS presents useful information for decision-makings. Most of decision-making problems using GIS can be formulated into network-optimization problems. In this study we deal with the implementation of network optimization system that extracts data from the database in GIS. solves a network optimization problem and present optimal solutions through GIS' graphical user interface. We design a nitwork optimization system and present some implementation techniques by showing a prototype of the network optimization system. Our network optimization system consists of three components : the interface module for user and GIS the basic network the program module the advanced network optimization program module. To handle large-scale networks the program module including various techniques for large sparse networks is also considered, For the implementation of the network optimization system we consider two approaches : the method using script languages supported by GIS and the method using client tools of GIS. Finally some execution results displayed by the prototype version of network optimization system are given.

• IE interfaces
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 1998

Presented in this paper is a state-of-the-art review of VM(Virtual Manufacturing). To survive on a global competition, manufacturers must shorten the time to market for their products. To achieve this goal, many manufacturers have implmented CIM systems. VM is a new direction in the CIM system development having emphasis on enhancing the decision-making capability. VM can be defined an integrated, synthetic manufacturing environment exercised to enhance all levels of decision and control. Also, VM is the use of computer models and simulations of manufacturing processes to aid in the design and production of manufactured products. Currently, VP(Virtual Prototyping) and VF(Virtual Factory) are main theme to develop a VM. In this paper, the concept and current status of VP and VF are explained.