• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.97-98
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• 2006

This study proposes a method of generating steel house shop drawing in an automated design method, reducing construction manpower and period. With one hour fire-resistant approval code, reflecting work ability and efficiency, steel-framed house market is expected to extend from one or two story house to multi-purpose facilities up to four story height. More models have been constructed in this system than the first appearance of fire-resistant approval in Korea in 1997 Also, cost estimation of components such as frame walls, roof trusses and floors is obtained with shop drawings. Also, the lack of suppliers of steel framed house shop drawing and unstandardized drawing method get constructors have difficulty in understanding its design. In steel framed house industry, shop drawings are essential part in building and constructing framework and they have major effects on construction deadlines and expenses. By exploring method of shop drawing automation, this study aims to optimize work flow with a standardized drawing method. The proposed system can be applied to manufacturing automation in domestic industry of factory-built panelizing method in the near future.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2007

This study aims to investigate, review, and summarize the definition, development, and applications of "percent agent in pipe", "percent of agent in pipe" which is used as a key factor in testing and evaluating the performance of gaseous fire extinguishing agents, including Halon 1301 and $CO_2$. This study also analyzes and compares the local and international standards on testing and evaluating the performance of gaseous fire extinguishing systems, as well as the results of system performance tests conducted as a part of performance evaluation and approval programs for gaseous fire extinguishing systems, especially, Korean Gaseous Fire Extinguishing System Performance Approval Program called KFI Approval. Percent agent in pipe was defined first in NFPA 12A, Standard on Halon 1301 Fire Extinguishing Systems, dating back to the 1970's. After the phaseout of Halon 1301 systems in 1994 in the developed countries, the percent agent in pipe has been widely used in Halon 1301 alternative clean agent fire extinguishing systems, both halocarbon clean agent systems and inert gas clean agent systems, as an essential criterion to assure the system design accuracy, determine the limitations and performance of a system, and to predict the system performance results accurately, especially, in association with their system flow calculations. Underwriters Laboratories has their own standards such as UL 2127 and 2166 applying percent agent in pipe in testing and evaluating the performance of clean agent fire extinguishing systems. As a part of a system performance test and approval program called KFI Approval System, Korea also has started to apply the percent agent in pipe as a key factor to test, evaluate, and approve the performance of gaseous fire extinguishing systems, including both high and low pressure $CO_2$ systems, from the early 2000's. This study outlines and summarizes the relevant UL and KFI standards and also describes the actual test resultant data, including the maximum percents of agent in pipe for gaseous fire extinguishing systems. As evidenced in lots of tests conducted as a part of the system performance test and approval programs like KFI Approval System, it has been proven that the percent agent in pipe may work as a key factor in testing, evaluating, and determining the limitations and performance of gaseous fire extinguishing systems, especially compared with the hydraulic flow calculations of computer design programs of gaseous fire extinguishing systems, and will remain as such in the future. As one thing to note, however, there are some difficulties in using the unified percent agent in pipe to determine the maximum lengths of pipe networks for gaseous fire extinguishing systems, because the varying definitions used by some of the flow calculations (not in accordance with NFPA 12A definition) make it impossible to do any direct comparison of pipe lengths based on percent agent in pipe.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

It is booming to use computer owing to the information society, and embedded software application have grown in airborne systems and equipment. So this introduces airborne software, RTCA DO-178B, life cycle and its data, and software development pitfalls in design and certification.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.17
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• pp.133-152
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• 2003

Certification by Civil Aviation Law is necessary for aircraft parts and appliances as well as aircraft, engines, and propellers to ensure safety and reliability in operation. Advanced countries in aerospace industry as like U.S.A require Parts Manufacturer Approval for aircraft parts and Technical Standard Order Authorization for designated appliances. However, there are no legal requirements for certification of aircraft parts and appliances in Korea until now. This study presents the draft to revise Civil Aviation Law, which is applicable to set up domestic certification system and maintain it equivalent to U.S. Federal Aviation Regulation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.23-33
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• 2022

Purpose: The objective of the study is to examine the role of approval goals, subjective norm, internal motivation, external motivation, attitude towards behavior, and perceived behavioral control on retail consumer's intention to consume fortified food in Pakistan. Research design, data, and methodology: The study was quantitative in nature. That is why the data were collected from 384 respondents approaching retail stores of Lahore, Gujranwala, and Faisalabad using mall intercept survey. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyze the data. Results: The results show that approval goals significantly influence subjective norms. Secondly, subjective norms positively influence internal and external motivation. Thirdly, attitude towards behavior and internal motivation significantly impacted on intention. However, the findings of the study show, non-significant relationship of external motivation and perceived behavioral control with intention to consume fortified food. Conclusion: Theory of reasoned goal pursuit was used to investigate consumer intention to consume fortified food in Pakistan. This study is helpful for the marketers to create a word-of-mouth strategy to enhance positive word of mouth for the company, which ultimately beneficial to develop the distribution strategy of the firm. Fortified food is full of health enriched ingredients which is beneficial for society at large.

• 연구논문집
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• s.30
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• pp.169-176
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• 2000

The Evolution of Workflow Managment consists of rhe automation of business procedures or "workflows" during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another in a way that is governed by rules or procedures. Workflow technologies have evolved from image management system, document management system, relational or object database systems, and electronic mail system. Workflow Management system has the benefits to improve better efficiency, process control,flexibility, business process. Automation of many business processes results in the elimination standdardizing working methods. Consistency in the processes leads to greater predictability in levels of response to customers and software control over processes enables their re-design in line with changing business needs, In this present study, we implement Electronic Approval System which is a kind of Workflow Management system using static and dynamic flow control information on the web environment.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.179-188
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate clothing attitude according to the self-esteem, body-cathexis and personal-relationship in multicultural families. 198 questionnaires were analyzed by using SPSS program(version 18.0). Self-esteem, body-cathexis, personal-relationship, clothing attitude were examined through 5-point likert scale. 3 factors including clothing interest, social approval and clothing conformity were used as clothing attitude. The results of this study is as follows: First, there were differences in self-esteem, body-cathexis, personal-relationships, clothing attitude in multi-cultural families. Second, self-esteem had positive influences on body-cathexis and personal-relationships in multicultural families. Third, the Chinese were that body-cathexis had positive influences on social approval. The Filipinos were that personal-relationships had positive influences on clothing interest and social approval. The Vietnamese were that personal-relationships had positive influences on clothing interests.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.69-80
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to clothing behavior according to the self-esteem, body cathexis in multicultural familie adolescents. The data was collected by using questionnaire survey based on pre-tests, and main survey conducted in Seoul, Gyeonggi province and Chungcheong province. The 236 participants came from 135 multicultural families and 101 Korean Self-esteem, body cathexis, clothing behavior were examined through 5-point likert scale. 3 factors including clothing interest, social approval and clothing conformity were used as clothing behavior. The analysis of the collected data was conducted by using SPSS 18.0. The results of this study is as follows: First, multi-cultural family adolescent showed higher self-esteem, body cathexis, than Korean family adolescent. Second, self-esteem were positively correlated, with body cathexis in both multi-cultural family and Korean family adolescent. Third, in multi-cultural family adolescent, body cathexis were positively correlated with clothing interest, social approval and clothing conformity. In Korean family adolescent, body cathexis were positively correlated with social approval and body cathexis were negatively correlated with clothing conformity.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.4 no.8
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• pp.2060-2069
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• 1997

Information processing using computer in generalized in the office automation. In spite of to be integrate and concise form of document through computer network, signature of document with hand have processed as ever. The security on document flow out severely unjust by reason of increment inverse function of computer. Because of revelation secret of enterprise result from unjust outflow, lots of loss of self-enterprise is occured. In this paper, we used efficiently document using the method, electronic approval system with encryption, for the resolving above problems. Also we persue maintenance of security for the important document and process document signature rapidly. Finally, we design and implementation of electronic approval system that take one's share of function between server and client using to be transformed Vernam's encryption technique in stored document.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.36C no.11
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• pp.1-9
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• 1999

As our society turns into the information age from the industrial one, the ministry of information and communication has set up functional software standards for electronic approval systems Several software houses have developed such systems in the client/server environment and subsequently for the intranet. Although electronic approval systems for the intranet have the advantages of less costly implementation and ease of use, they create heavy network traffic, and have a poor document processing functionality resulting from the lack of document processor in web environments. This paper describes a system design that web browsers utilize the resources of clients by adopting the ActiveX technique in order to improve such mallets mentions above. In other words, to use the Hangul word processor as a document processor, the ActiveX control and the Hangul DDE API have been implemented in the form of the DDE server/client, which is capable of mutual communication, and the flow of electronic approve system has been controled by connecting. As a result of running the implemented system lot three months through a real company in multi-server environment, it shows the high usage of electronic approval system as the tate roaches 75%-93% for some departments.