• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1558-1569
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• 2002

Two components of brand image are brand association related to brand properties and brand persona which is measured by descriptive words. The purpose of this study is to analyze the brand image of apparel by qualitative approach including natural grouping method suggested by Aaker. For this, face-to-face interviews were carried out in March and April 200l.11 interviewees were respectively asked to classify' pre-selected several tens of apparel brands based on their image differentiation, and then to explain the reason of grouping and to describe resultant brand groups. In this process, many brand image associations and brand persona-descriptive words were collected. 9 types of brand association were identified, and these were summarized as three factors suggested by Keller -attributes, benefits, and attitudes/evaluations. And 3 words which used to refer brand image frequently -dokteukhan (unique), simple, and yeosungseureowoon (feminine)- were interpreted in their meaning. Brand persona-descriptive words implied diverse meaning which were dependent on context.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.527-544
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• 2014

The purpose of this thesis is to analyze mathematical errors in descriptive problems of the Mathematics Level Assessment(MLA) which is conducted in P University. We classified mathematical errors, which are easily made in solving the descriptive problems of the MLA, into nine types as misused data, misinterpreted language, logically invalid inference, misunderstood theorem or definition, unmatched solution, technical errors, omission of solving process, ambiguous errors, and unattempted errors. With classifying the errors in nine types, we analyzed the errors of students, who are in intermediate and low level grades, by descriptive problems. On the basis of these analysis results, we suggest plans for improving the implementation of the MLA and the teaching-learning methods about College General Mathematics.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2001

This research is about how the adapted learning of descriptive assessment problems influence on the extension of the ability of the students. As a result, adapted learning of descriptive assessment problems totally led to positive effect, and according to the analyses of behavioral objectives divided into knowledge, comprehension and problem solving, they had more effect on the ability of students' problem solving. Learning attitude of the students were changed into self-centered learning attitude and interest on the subject of mathematics were highly increased since the research had started. If we adapt this research to the learning of mathematics after we develop various problems that can develop creativity, I'm sure that it will be a effective way for both extension of the ability and problem solving ability of the students.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to explore the difference mother-child verbal interaction between wordless and narrative picture book. Forty-two 4-year-old middle class children(21 girls and 21 boys) and their mothers were observed in their home. Major findings were as follows: 1) Mothers' verbal interaction strategies shows difference according to the genre of the book. Mothers used more descriptive statement, descriptive questions, inferential statements, evaluative statements and elaborative feedback when sharing the wordless book than the narrative book. 2) Children differently interact when reading picture books of different genres. Children used more descriptive statements, inferential statements and elaborative feedback. 3) Compared with the narrative picture boot mother and child engaged in more turn-taking when reading the wordless picture book. 4) While the proportion of collaborative type was higher when reading the wordless boot the proportion of passive type was higher when the narrative book.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2023

This study aims to examine factors influencing the intention to continue using the metaverse, focusing on the impact of social norms. Specifically, direct and indirect effects of technical characteristics (perceive quality, interactivity, perceived playfulness), user characteristics (self-efficacy, personal innovativeness), and social influence factors (descriptive norm, injunctive norm, subjective norm) on continuous use intention were examined. The role of perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness as a mediator was also examined. An online survey was conducted with 165 college students attending universities in two large cities in South Korea who had used the metaverse. As a result, perceived playfulness, descriptive norm, and perceived usefulness directly influenced continuous use intention. Perceived playfulness, interactivity, and subjective norm influenced continuous use intention indirectly through perceived usefulness. This study theoretically extends the Technology Acceptance Model by specifying social influence in metaverse contexts. Practical implications are provided in terms of marketing strategy for the metaverse industry to continue to grow and develop.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.644-672
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• 2019

Negative consequences incurred from employees' non-work-related computing (NWRC) have been one of the security-related issues in information intensive organizations. While most studies have focused on the factors that motivate employees to engage in NWRC, this study examines the mediating effect of moral beliefs on the relationship between sanctions and NWRC using a moral beliefs-based model. The research model posits that the formal (i.e., punishment severity and detection certainty) and informal sanctions (subjective norms and descriptive norms) enhance employees' moral beliefs against NWRC intention. From a cross-sectional scenario-based survey involving 176 employees working at banks in Mongolia, our results indicate that moral beliefs fully mediate the relationship between detection certainty/subjective norms and NWRC intention and act as a partial mediator in the relationship between descriptive norms and NWRC. The findings from this study present empirical evidence that both informal and formal sanctions could be an effective deterrent for NWRC intention through employees' moral beliefs.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.885-905
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• 2010

수학과 평가에서 주로 제기되는 문제점은 평가 내용이 단편적인 지식을 암기하는 쪽으로 치우쳐 있다는 점과 평가 문항이 객관식 문제 중심의 지필 검사에 한정되어 있다는 것이다. 교육현장에서는 이러한 문제점올 해결하기 위한 방안으로 서술형 평가를 통해 학생들의 문제해결과정을 검토하고, 이 과정에서 비롯되는 오류 유형을 분석하려는 연구가 진행되어왔다. 곧, 서술형 평가를 통해 학생들이 알고 있는 수학적 지식을 수학적 용어로 자유롭게 표현하는 과정에서 그 과정이 옳은지, 개념 이해가 정확한지를 검토하고, 만약 잘못 이해하고 있다면 무엇 때문에 이러한 오류를 범하고 있는지를 분석함으로써, 수학문제해결과정에서 비롯되는 오류에 대한 피드백을 제공할 수 있기 때문이다. 본 연구는 초등학교 4학년 학생을 연구대상으로 하며, 수와 연산 영역에서 서술형 평가 문항을 개발하여 진행된 것이다. 연구 과정은 먼저 서술형 평가에서 나타나는 오류를 문항 이해의 오류, 개념 원리의 오류, 자료 사용의 오류, 풀이 과정의 오류, 기록 단계의 오류, 풀이 과정의 생략 등 6가지 유형으로 구분하여 문항별 답안에서 나타나는 유형별 오류를 분석하였다. 이와 함께 학업성취도에 따라 오류 유형이 다르게 나타날 수 있다는 점에 착안하여, 상 중 하 성취도에 따른 오류 유형을 분석하였다. 서술형 평가를 통해 학생들의 문제해결과정을 검토하고 이 과정에서 나타나는 오류를 분석함으로써, 평가를 통한 피드백이 효과적인 수학학습지도로 연결될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2017

시판되는 상면발효맥주 12종에 대하여 5개의 외관, 9개의 향, 6개의 향미, 4개의 입안감촉에 대한 묘사용어를 개발하였으며, 묘사분석을 실시하였다. 실제 상면발효 맥주의 주요 특성으로 알려진 다양한 과일향미, 쓴맛과 관련 향미 용어가 개발되어 향후 상면발효맥주의 관능검사에 주요 평가 용어로 활용이 가능하리라 여겨진다. 또한 가용성 고형분, 총산도, pH, 환원당, 쓴맛 정도(B.U.), 탁도, 색도, 아미노산 함량, 총페놀함량과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능의 12가지 이화학특성을 분석하였다. 관능특성 항목과 맥주의 중요 지표인 이화학 특성간의 상관분석을 통해 B.U., 총폴리페놀 함량, 총산도, 황색도, 가용성 고형분이 에일맥주의 주요 관능특성인 시트러스향, 파인애플향, 쓴맛과 높은 상관관계를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 이러한 이화학적 분석 항목은 제품 개발 시 관능특성 분석과 더불어 주요 품질지표 항목으로 활용이 가능하리라 여겨진다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.1028-1037
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• 2015

Unique organoleptic characteristics such as rich flavors and chewy texture contribute to the higher popularity of native chicken in many Asian areas, while the commercial broilers are well-accepted due to their fast-growing and higher yields of meat. Sensory attributes of foods are often used to evaluate food eating quality and serve as references during the selection of foods. In this study, a three-phase descriptive sensory study was conducted to evaluate the sensory attributes of commercial broiler (BR) and Taiwan native chicken (TNC) breast meat, and investigate correlations between these sensory attributes and instrumental measurements. The results showed that for the first bite (phase 1), TNC meat had significantly higher moisture release, hardness, springiness, and cohesiveness than BR meat. After chewing for 10 to 12 bites (phase 2), TNC meat presented significantly higher chewdown hardness and meat particle size, whereas BR meat had significantly higher cohesiveness of mass. After swallowing (phase 3), TNC meat had higher chewiness and oily mouthcoat and lower residual loose particles than BR meat. TNC meat also provided more intense chicken flavors. This study clearly demonstrates that descriptive sensory analysis provides more detailed and more objectively information about the sensory attributes of meats from various chicken breeds. Additionally, sensory textural attributes vary between BR and TNC meat, and are highly correlated to the shear force value and collagen content which influence meat eating qualities greatly. The poultry industry and scientists should be able to recognize the sensory characteristics of different chicken meats more clearly. Accordingly, based on the meat's unique sensory and physicochemical characteristics, future work might address how meat from various breeds could best satisfy consumer needs using various cooking methods.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.599-614
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• 2011

통계교육에서 많은 연구자들이 자료집합 비교 활동을 통계적 추리를 위한 중요한 활동으로 강조한다. 자료집합 비교 활동은 2009년 개정 교육과정에서 중학교 확률과 통계 영역에 다시 포함되었다. 본 연구는 자료집합 비교 활동에서 중학교 학생들이 비형식적 추리를 경험하면서 추리통계에서 강조되는 어떠한 통계적 개념과 요소에 주목하는지, 자료집합 비교를 토대로 한 의사결정 과정에서 이러한 개념과 요소들을 어떻게 사용하는지 조사하고, 그 특성과 관점의 변화는 어떠한지 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 학생들은 비형식적 추리에서 자료값, 비교기준, 퍼짐, 표본과 같은 통계적 요소에 주목함을 확인하였으며, 학생들의 비형식적 추리에서 나타나는 특징을 자료값에 대한 관점, 비교기준에 대한 관점, 퍼짐에 대한 관점, 표본에 대한 관점, 네 가지로 구분하여 제시하였다. 그리고 자료집합 비교 활동이 중학교 학생들에게 비형식적 추리 경험을 제공함으로써 기술통계와 추리통계의 연결 도구가 될 수 있다는 가능성을 확인하였다.