• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.204-212
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• 2012

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine house dust mite concentrations in living rooms and bedding materials in atopic case-control groups. Methods: Fifty four homes with children suffering atopic diseases as cases and fifty one homes without atopic diseases as controls were selected after diagnosis at three elementary schools in Ulsan City. Dust samples were collected from the living rooms and bedding materials in each home during summer and winter with a vacuum cleaner and analyzed for house dust mites using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Environmental factors and family history were surveyed during sampling. Results: Both species of house dust mite Dermatophagoides farina (Der f 1) and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p 1) were found in all homes. Derf1 concentrations were much higher than Der P1 concentrations, both in atopic homes (1518.9 vs. 27.0 ng/g. dust, respectively) and non-atopic homes (810.8 vs. 44.3 ng/g. dust, respectively). Der f 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the atopic group than in the non-atopic group (atopic: 1518.9 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 810.8 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). However, total house dust mite Der p 1 concentrations were significantly higher in the non-atopic group than in the atopic group (atopic: 27.0 ng/g.dust, non-atopic: 44.3 ng/g.dust, p = 0.035). Multiple regression implied that mothers with family history of atopic diseases (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 1.81-12.69), Der f 1 concentrations (OR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.07-2.81), and air freshener use (OR = 4.60, 95% CI = 1.72-12.34) had significant associations with atopic children. Conclusion: House dust mite Der f 1 concentrations were associated with atopic children. This study suggests that parents should reduce house dust mite Der f 1 concentrations through environmental controls.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2015

Dermatophagoides pteronissinus (DP)는 알레르기 질환과 연관이 있는 집먼지 진드기 중 하나이다. 집먼지 진드기에 의해 생성되는 Cystein 단백질분해효소(Derp-1)가 강력한 알레르겐으로 작용한다. 알레르기 병인기전은 림프구의 사이토카인 분비와 호중구의 자발적인 세포고사와 연관이 있다. 본 연구에서는 Derp-1이 림프구에서 사이토카인 분비를 유도하는지 여부와 이에 의해 호중구 세포고사 조절에 영향을 주는지를 실험 해보았다. 정상인과 알레르기 환자의 림프구에서, Derp-1에 의해 IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1그리고 GM- CSF의 분비가 증가됨을 보였다. Derp-1이 단독으로 호중구에 영향을 주는 것은 아니지만, Derp-1으로 호중구를 자극한 뒤 모은 상층액이 호중구의 세포고사를 억제시킴을 확인하였다. 정상인의 호중구와 림프구를 co-culture하여 Derp-1을 처리한 결과 호중구의 세포고사가 억제되었고, 이보다 알레르기 환자에서 시행되어진 것이 그 효과가 더 크게 나타났다. 즉, Derp-1은 사이토카인의 분비를 증가시키고, 이로 인해 정상인과 알레르기 환자의 호중구의 세포고사를 억제시킨다. 이를 통해 알레르기 질환의 병인기전을 밝히는데 유용한 자료가 될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.240-249
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• 2015

농업인에서 알레르기 질환의 원인이 되는 물질을 찾아내기 위하여 경기도의 일부 농업인 939명을 대상으로 설문 조사와 15가지 흡입 알레르겐들을 사용한 피부 단자 검사 결과를 수행하였다. 하나 이상의 알레르겐에 반응을 보인 감작률은 18.6%였으며 성별 간의 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 주요한 알레르겐으로는 집먼지 진드기, 바퀴벌레, 잔디 꽃가루 혼합물 등으로 나타났으며 화훼 농업과 과수 농업에서 그 오즈비가 높았다. 화훼 재배자의 경우 잔디 꽃가루 감작률이 다른 작목 재배자들에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 비록 농업인들에서도 직업적 요인보다 일반 환경과 관련된 알레르겐에 의한 감작률이 높은 것으로 나타났지만 교차 반응의 가능성을 고려할 때 직업적인 위험도 완전히 배제할 수 없다. 농업인의 건강 증진을 위해 앞으로도 보다 많은 관심과 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

Objectives Hataedock method is a Korean medical therapy which removes fetal toxin by orally administering herbal decoction to neonates. This study was to observe skin damage and anti-inflammatory effect via regulating IL-4 activity in NC/Nga mice which were induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like skin lesion by Dermatophagoides (D.) farinae after applying Douchi Hataedock method. Methods NC/Nga mice with 3 weeks of gestational age were used. Each 10 mice were allocated to the control group (Ctrl), the AD-induced group (AE), and the group which induced AD after administering Douchi extract (GT). After 4 weeks from administering Douchi extract to the mice, the primary AD was induced by applying D. farinae extract 6 times per week for 3 weeks and then the secondary AD was induced by the same method after 1 week from the primary AD induction. To identify the skin damage and anti-inflammatory effect, we observed LxR, IL-4, Fc ${\varepsilon}$ receptor, substance P, and $NF-{\kappa}B$. Results The GT group showed alleviation of skin injury and decrease in capillary angiogenesis. Stratum corneum damage, epithelial cell hyperplasia, lymphocyte infiltration, and capillary distribution relatively decreased in the GT group. LxR-positive reaction in the GT group were increased by 53% than that of the AE group. IL-4 production, $Fc{\varepsilon}$ receptor activity, and substance P-positive reaction in the GT group were decreased by 82%, 42%, and 82% respectively compare to those of the AE group. $NF-{\kappa}B$-positive reaction in the GT group were decreased by 15% compare to that of the AE group. Conclusions Hataedock method with Douchi extract alleviated AD via reducing inflammatory cytokines secreted at the early stage of AD. Thus, Douchi Hataedock method has a beneficial effect for the prevention and treatment of AD.

• Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.675-685
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to determine the efficacy and safety of house dust mite (HDM)-sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in elderly patients with AR. Methods: A total of 45 patients aged ${\geq}60years$ with HDM-induced AR who had ${\geq}3$ A/H ratio on skin prick test and/or ${\geq}0.35IU/L$ to both Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus by ImmunoCAP were enrolled in 4 university hospitals. To evaluate additional effects of HDM-SLIT, they were randomized to the SLIT-treated group (n = 30) or control group (n = 15). Rhinoconjunctivitis total symptom score (RTSS), rhinoscopy score, Korean rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire, rhinitis control assessment test, asthma control test scores, and adverse reactions, were assessed at the first visit (V1) and after 1 year of treatment (V5); for immunological evaluation, serum levels of HDM-specific immunoglobulin A/IgE/IgG1/IgG4 antibodies and basophil response to HDMs were compared between V1 and V5 in both groups. Results: There were no significant differences in demographics, RTSS, skin reactivity to HDMs, or serum total/specific IgE levels to HDMs (P > 0.05, respectively) between the 2 groups. Nasal symptom score and RTSS decreased significantly at year 1 in the 2 groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in percent decrease in nasal symptom score and RTSS at year 1 between the 2 groups (P > 0.05); however, rhinoscopic nasal symptom score decreased significantly in the SLIT-treated group (P < 0.05). Immunological studies showed that serum specific IgA levels (not specific IgE/IgG) and CD203c expression on basophils decreased significantly at V5 in the SLIT-treated group (P = 0.011 and P = 0.001, respectively), not in the control group. The control group required more medications compared to the treatment group, but there were no differences in adverse reactions. Conclusions: It is suggested that HDM-SLIT for 1 year could induce symptom improvement and may induce immunomodulation in elderly rhinitis patients.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.735-749
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate airborne pollen counts, inhalant allergen sensitization rate, and allergic disease prevalence among elementary school children in Ulsan, South Korea during 2012-2018. Methods: Burkard samplers for pollen were installed on rooftops in suburban and urban areas in Ulsan. A 24-hour sampling of airborne allergens was conducted six days/week from January 1, 2013 to November 31, 2018. Skin prick tests were done with a total of 4,246 primary school students residing in urban and suburban areas in 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018. This study examined sensitization to 20 major inhalant allergens. Results: The highest monthly counts of airborne pollen were observed in April and September each year. Among the pollen identified over the six years, pine showed the highest pollen counts (44.3%), followed by oak (22.3%), alder (6.3%) and Japanese hops (4.3%). Tree pollen predominated from March to June, and weed pollen predominated from August to October. Higher sensitization rates for inhalant allergens were observed in Dermatophagoides farinae (42.4%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (43.6%), cat fur (12.1%), birch (9.9%), oak (9.6%), and alder (8.7%). The inhalant allergen sensitization rate was highest in the group with comorbidity (asthma and/or rhinitis and atopic dermatitis), and respiratory allergic disease (asthma and/or rhinitis) was higher than that of atopic dermatitis. Conclusion: Both the counts of tree pollen in the air and the sensitization rate for tree pollen were high in Ulsan. The temporal change in respiratory allergic diseases was similar to that for the sensitization rate of tree pollen, such as oak. In the future, it is considered that additional continuous research on various inhalant allergens and pollen should be conducted.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.111-119
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• 1996

The production of interleukin-1(IL-1)and nitric oxide(NO) by cultured fibroblast cells of human nasal turbinate was revealed by biological assay respectively. The cells were incubated for various periods of time in the presence of staphyloccocal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1(TSST-1) and house dust mite(Dermatophagoides farinae, HDM), and the culture supernatants were harvested. There was a little difference in the activities of IL-1beta and the amount of NO produced by the cells when stimulated with 0.002-0.1$\mu$g/ml of TSSTO-1 and 0.02-1$\mu$g/ml of HDM. The shapes of the time course curves for the production of IL-1beta and NO by the cells were different. Groups stimulated with TSST-1 or HDM produced more IL-beta in 2 h than no exposure group(Control). A certain mixed group(TSST-1, 10ng+mite, 100 ng) continued to produce IL-1beta highly throughout the entire incubation period. The cells stimulated with TSST-1 or HDM produced more NO in 2 h and 6 h than that produced in the end of incubation(48 h). Also, the mixed groups were generally similar. There results suggest that induction of IL-1beta by a certain mixed condition(TSST-1+mite) in fibroblast cell in vivo may play a role in inflammation.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.25-36
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• 2017

Objectives : The aim of this study is to report the effect of Capsosiphon fulvescens(Maesangi) extract(MSE) on contact dermatitis(CD). Methods : CD induced by Dermatophagoides farinae body(Dfb) in NC/Nga mice. 4% sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) $150{\mu}l$ and Dfb(10mg/ml) ointment 100mg were topically treated twice a week for four weeks. MSE 200 mg/kg was topically treated every 4weeks. Every week, we examined the skin lesions, weight of spleen and lymph node, epidermal thickness, production of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha($TNF-{\alpha}$) and interleukin-6(IL-6). Results : MSE reduced features of Dfb-induced skin lesions, weight of spleen and production of $TNF-{\alpha}$. MSE significantly reduced weight of lymph node, epidermal thickness, number of mast cells and production of IL-6. Conclusions : MSE may have a potential therapeutic effects for CD by suppressing allergic inflammation.

• BLOOD RESEARCH
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.299-306
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• 2018

Background IgG-mediated anaphylaxis occurs after infusion of certain monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics. New in vitro tests are urgently needed to diagnose such reactions. We investigated whether allergens trigger neutrophil oxidative burst (OB) and if neutrophil OB occurs due to allergen-specific IgG (sIgG). Methods Neutrophil OB was measured by dihydrorhodamine 123 flow cytometry using a leukocyte suspension spiked with a very small patch of the allergen crude extract, Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f). The mean fluorescence intensity ratio of stimulated to unstimulated samples was calculated as the neutrophil oxidative index (NOI). Results The Der f-specific NOI (Der f-sNOI) showed a time-dependent increase after Der f extract addition. At 15 min activation, higher Der f-sIgG levels were associated with lower Der f-sNOI values in 31 subjects (P<0.05). This inverse relationship occurs due to the initial blocking effect of free Der f-sIgG. Additionally, neutrophil OB was nearly absent (Der f-sNOI of -1) in two cases: a subject with undetectable Der f-sIgG levels and washed leukocyte suspensions deprived of Der f-sIgG. Conclusion Allergens can trigger neutrophil OB via preexisting allergen-sIgG. Neutrophil OB can be easily measured in a leukocyte suspension spiked with the allergen. This assay can be used to diagnose IgG-mediated anaphylaxis.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2020

[Purpose] This study evaluated the anti-atopic dermatitis (AD) properties of Cordyceps militaris (CM) aqueous extract in keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo. We investigated the nutraceutical composition of the CM extract, including its protein, carbohydrate, and selected phytochemical content. [Methods] The expression of pathogenic cytokines in keratinocytes was assayed using an in vitro model. The CM extract downregulated extracellular signalregulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 kinase expression in TNFα/IFNγ-stimulated HaCaT cells. We also established an in vivo AD model by repeatedly exposing the ears of mice to local Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE; house dust mite extract) and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The epidermal and dermal ear thickness, mast cell infiltration, and serum immunoglobulin levels were measured following a 4-week oral administration of the CM extract. [Results] Histopathological examination showed reduced epidermal/dermal thickness and mast cell infiltration in mouse ears. The CM extract also suppressed serum immunoglobulin levels and gene expression of T helper (Th)1/Th2 cytokines in mouse ear tissue. [Conclusion] These results suggest that the CM extract may be useful for the treatment of AD-like skin lesions.