• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.243-248
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 2D/3D 동영상 변환을 위해 깊이가 할당될 전경을 초점 정보와 색상분석 기반의 그룹화를 이용하여 추출하고, 전경의 깊이를 초점 정보와 움직임 정보를 이용하여 생성하는 방법을 제안하였다. 2D영상에서 전경을 추출하기 위해 영상의 초점 정보의 움직임을 추정하여 전경 후보 영상을 생성하고, 전경 후보 영상에 존재하는 객체 내부의 홀 영역을 색상 분석을 이용한 채움 과정을 수행하여 전경 영역을 추출하였다. 생성된 전경 영역에 깊이를 할당하기 위해 해당 프레임에 존재하는 초점 값을 분석하여 초기 깊이 정보를 생성하고 움직임 정보를 가중하여 깊이 정보를 할당하였다. 생성된 깊이 정보의 품질을 평가하기 위해 기존에 제안된 알고리즘의 결과 영상과 비교하였다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.409-417
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 DGPS와 무선통신을 이용하여 저수지, 댐 등의 수심 및 수중지형 정보를 획득할 수 있는 원격 수심측정시스템을 개발하는데 있다. GPS와 에코사운더를 장착한 로봇선은 무선 인터넷을 이용하여 원격으로 제어된다. 로봇선체는 선체, 개별 모듈 및 제어보드로 구성되었으며, 제어국은 위치데이터 처리시스템과 원격제어시스템으로 구성되었다. 통신시스템은 로봇선과 제어국이 정보를 교환할 수 있도록 개발하였으며, RF 모뎀과 무선 인터넷의 2채널 시스템으로 구성되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 원격측정 로봇선은 저수지, 댐, 하천 등의 수심 및 하상지형 정보를 경제적으로 정확하게 획득하는데 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.259-274
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower extremity joints between novice and experienced sports aerobic dancers during two heights of depth jumps. Four male dancers were participated in this study and they performed 40cm and 60cm height depth jump three times, respectively. Four ProReflex MCU cameras (100frame/sec) and a Kistler force plate (1000Hz) were used for data collection. The results indicated that the duration of contact phase of experienced group was shorter than that of novice group regardless of jump height. For minimum angle of hip, knee, and ankle joints, the novice group had tendency to decrease the angle but the experienced group had increased the joint angle with jump height. There was no difference of total ground reaction force between the groups but the reaction force had tendency to increase with jump height. Thus, this study implied that repetition of jump and landing may induce joint related injury and further study such as. EMG analysis of lower extremity can be needed to verify the relationship between injury and ground reaction force.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.863-875
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• 2020

After medium or strong earthquakes, damage in the reduced portion of RBS connections occurs due to plastic deformations. The purpose of this paper is to numerically and experimentally investigate the reduced depth section connection as a replaceable fuse. In this regard, three commonly used rigid connections with RBS, a replaceable fuse with RBS, and a replaceable fuse with Reduced Depth Section (RDS-F) were evaluated. All specimens were subjected to quasi-static cyclic load until failure. Although the final strength of the RDS-F is lower than that of the other two, laboratory results showed that it had the maximum ductility among the three samples. The numerical models of all three laboratory samples were constructed in ABAQUS, and the results were verified with great accuracy. The results of more than 28 numerical analyses showed that the RDS-F sample is more ductile than the other specimens. Moreover, the thickness of the web and the plastic section modulus increasing, the final strength would be equal to the other specimens. Therefore, the modified RDS-F with replaceability after an earthquake can be a better alternative for RBS connections.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.527-548
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• 2019

질 들뢰즈는 프레임을 수많은 하위 세트의 정보를 지닌 닫힌 시스템으로 보았다. 인간과 세계의 관계에서 수학적 세계관과 물리적 세계관의 대립은 프레임에서도 찾아볼 수 있다. 수학적으로 보자면, 2차원의 프레임의 좌표나 변수들이 모여 있고 균형과 조화를 이루는 기하학적 시스템이다. 선형 원근법은 프레임에 소실점, 수평선 혹은 지평선을 통해서 2차원 평면에 3차원의 깊이감을 표현하였다. 그리고 엄격한 선원근법의 정착은 프레임 내 소실점을 향한, 즉 내부로 향하는 무한을 그리고 소실점의 반대 방향 즉 프레임의 바깥을 향하는 무한을 상정할 수 있게 해준다. 도화지 안에 있는 도형이나 선들의 관계뿐만 아니라, 도화지 속의 도형과 선사이의 공간이 인식된 것이다. 회화에서 원근법의 발전과 같이, 영화에서도 원근법의 적용과 탈 프레임화가 이뤄지기도 했다. 그러나 이러한 선원근법은 우리의 눈이 실제 관찰하는 광학적 특성과 어긋나는 점이 있다. 세계를 관성, 가속도, 작용과 반작용의 운동과 끊임없는 변화로 보는 물리적 세계관은 프레임의 중심경향성, 게스탈트적 속성에 주목하게 된다. 우주의 일부를 한정하는 프레임은 분명 프레임과 그 밖을 구분하지만, 결코 단절된 관계가 아니라, 프레임은 우주 안에 있으며 프레임 밖과 연결되어 있다. 이러한 시야 바깥에 무한의 정신적인 세계가 있다. 영화는 3차원의 공간을 2차원에 재현하면서 4차원의 시간을 담고 있다. 프레임의 바깥 즉 시야 바깥이 5차원의 영역인 정신을 담고 있는지 모른다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2020

The effectiveness and the sensitivity of a Wireless impedance/Admittance Monitoring System (WiAMS) for the prompt damage diagnosis of two single-storey single-span Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames under cyclic loading is experimentally investigated. The geometrical and the reinforcement characteristics of the RC structural members of the frames represent typical old RC frame structure without consideration of seismic design criteria. The columns of the frames are vulnerable to shear failure under lateral load due to their low height-to-depth ratio and insufficient transverse reinforcement. The proposed Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system comprises of specially manufactured autonomous portable devices that acquire the in-situ voltage frequency responses of a network of twenty piezoelectric transducers mounted to the RC frames. Measurements of external and internal small-sized piezoelectric patches are utilized for damage localization and assessment at various and increased damage levels as the magnitude of the imposed lateral cycle deformations increases. A bare RC frame and a strengthened one using a pair of steel crossed tension-ties (X-bracing) have been tested in order to check the sensitivity of the developed WiAMS in different structural conditions since crack propagation, damage locations and failure mode of the examined frames vary. Indeed, the imposed loading caused brittle shear failure to the column of the bare frame and the formation of plastic hinges at the beam ends of the X-braced frame. Test results highlighted the ability of the proposed SHM to identify incipient damages due to concrete cracking and steel yielding since promising early indication of the forthcoming critical failures before any visible sign has been obtained.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.1391-1398
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• 2010

애니메이션은 새로운 움직임을 창조하여 생명을 불어넣는 것이다. 정지된 이미지에 잔상의 원리를 이용하여 움직임이 인식될 수 있도록 프레임 바이 프레임(frame by frame)으로 분리 작업하는 제작방식을 이용한다. 애니메틱스(Animatics)는 바로 움직임에서 가장 중요한 타이빙과 동작을 연구하는 학문이며 애니메이션 실제 작업이 들어가기 전에 애니메이션 전체적인 분위기와 러닝타임, 그리고 스토리의 흐름을 시각적으로 살펴볼 수 있는 매우 중요한 작업일 뿐 아니라 스토리보드의 문제점을 파악하여 수정할 수 있으므로 전체적인 제작시간을 효율적으로 줄일 수 있게 하는 학문임에도 불구하고 애니메이션의 구성요소 가운데 가장 이론화 되지 못한 영역 중 하나이다. 본 연구는 애니메이션 교육 경쟁력 강화를 위하여 새로운 교과 개념으로써 애니메틱스의 접목으로 애니메이션 제작능력의 함양과 교육 방향을 제시하는데 연구의 목적을 두었다. 그리고 단순한 스토리보드의 연장이 아닌 애니메틱스 과정의 중요성을 고취하고자하며 이를 토대로 애니메이션 제작 교육이 좀 더 효과적으로 이루어질 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.253-267
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• 2023

The bearing capacities resisted by the two-bay beams of multi-story planar frames with unequal spans under column removal scenarios differ considerably owing to the asymmetric stress on the left and right beams connected to the failed column and cause the potential for beams with larger span-to-depth ratios to be unable to exert effectively, which is disadvantageous for resisting the vertical load in unequal-span frame structures. To address this problem, the structural measure of adding braces to the weak bays of multi-story unequal-span frames was proposed, with the objective of achieving a coordinated stress state in two-bay beams with unequal spans, thereby improving the collapse resistance of unequal-span frame structures. Before conducting the numerical simulation, the modeling methods were verified by previous experimental results of two multi-story planar frames with and without steel braces. Thereafter, the effects of the tensile and compressive braces on the collapse behavior of the frame structures were elucidated. Then, based on the mechanical action laws of the braces throughout the collapse process, a detailed design method for improving the collapse resistance of unequal-span frame structures was proposed. Finally, the proposed design method was verified by using sufficient example models, and the results demonstrated that the design method has good application prospects and high practical value.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.357-377
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• 2013

In order to study the degradation and damage behaviors of steel frame welded connections, two series of tests in references with different connection constructions were carried out subjected to various cyclic loading patterns. Hysteretic curves, degradation and damage behaviours and fatigue properties of specimens were firstly studied. Typical failure modes and probable damage reasons were discussed. Then, various damage index models with variables of dissipative energy, cumulative displacement and combined energy and displacement were summarized and applied for all experimental specimens. The damage developing curves of ten damage index models for each connection were obtained. Finally, the predicted and evaluated capacities of damage index models were compared in order to describe the degraded performance and failure modes. The characteristics of each damage index model were discussed in depth, and then their distributive laws were summarized. The tests and analysis results showed that the loading histories significantly affected the distributive shapes of damage index models. Different models had their own ranges of application. The selected parameters of damage index models had great effect on the developing trends of damage curves. The model with only displacement variable was recommended because of a more simple form and no integral calculation, which was easier to be formulated and embedded in application programs.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2006

To begin with the purpose of protecting human life from the exterior in the prehistoric age, architecture was nothing but a shelter without any relation between the exterior and the intoner. But, today, with the community developed, architecture can not be resisted with her own function and have to change of the reciprocal one. Different with the oriental architecture, we can see, western architecture has developed in the stream of the form. The main idea of the space in terms of the relation, above all, is mostly concerned with relation between the exterior and the interior like between the architecture and the city. So the role of the facade in depth is the intermediation which consist to the relation in the exterior and interior of architecture. Considering a relation between two elements; the exterior and the interior, we can be inspired in the case of paintings, especially in the works of the Paul $C\acute{e}zanne$. $C\acute{e}zanne$ originally show the depth of space by different disposition of three parts : the background, the objects and intermediate space between the former. For instance, different with the other painters who put the background rear in the canvas and objects in the front of the background, $C\acute{e}zanne$ took the background and objects a same value and assure a depth in space by virtue of the intermediate space. Finally, by putting the background in forward of layer in the canvas and objects situated behind the background, the depth of the space can be occurred. Same as the idea of $C\acute{e}zanne$, Giuseppe Terragni and jean Nouvelle in architecture also intensify their effects through the activation of intermediate space between the interior facade and exterior frame. Not limited in the relation with the architecture and the city, space in relation gives us a higher quality of architectural promenade in depth.