• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.313-330
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• 2021

In an autonomous driving system equipped with a camera and lidar, depth completion techniques enable dense depth estimation. In particular, using self-supervised learning it is possible to train the depth completion network even without ground truth. In actual autonomous driving, such depth completion should have very short latency as it is the input of other algorithms. So, rather than complicate the network structure to increase the accuracy like previous studies, this paper focuses on network latency. We design a U-Net type network with RegNet encoders optimized for GPU computation. Instead, this paper presents several techniques that can increase accuracy during the process of self-supervised learning. The proposed techniques increase the robustness to unreliable lidar inputs. Also, they improve the depth quality for edge and sky regions based on the semantic information extracted in advance. Our experiments confirm that our model is very lightweight (2.42 ms at 1280x480) but resistant to noise and has qualities close to the latest studies.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.906-913
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose a new deep network architecture using nearest neighbor kernel for the estimation of dense depth map from its sparse map and corresponding color information. First, we propose to decompose the depth map signal into the structure and details for easier prediction. We then propose two separate subnetworks for prediction of both structure and details using classification and regression approaches, respectively. Moreover, the nearest neighboring kernel method has been newly proposed for accurate prediction of structure signal. As a result, the proposed method showed better results than other methods quantitatively and qualitatively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.8 no.2 s.16
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• pp.17-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of the sea bottom topology during construction of Saemangeum seadikes. Sea water depth and bottom topology in the Saemangeum area were measured every year and the surveyed data under construction of Saemangeum seadikes were analyzed and compared to the initial conditions before construction, There was erosion in the overall surveyed areas and the depth of erosion was approximately 53cm compared to the data in 1988. The center sandbanks of Seadike 2 did not show the great changes due to two main channels those were developed in northeast and southeast. The inland sandbanks of Seadike 4 showed the development of great erosion and deposition partially because of the changes in tide direction which developed as a result of the completion of Seadike 3 and the completion of a seadike of the Kunsan-Changhang industrial park at the north of Saemangeumm area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1350-1352
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 희소깊이영상과 컬러영상을 이용해 조밀한 깊이영상을 추정하는 깊이 완성(depth completion)을 수행하기위해 최근접 이웃 커널을 추정하는 방식의 네트워크를 제안한다. 회귀방식의 딥러닝 네트워크는 일반적으로 값을 직접 예측하는 것보다 기본 값에 더해질 잔차를 추정하는 방식이 더욱 효율적이다. 본 논문에서는 최근접 이웃 커널을 입력영상에 적용하여 추정하고자 하는 픽셀의 인근 픽셀에서 값을 가져와 기본 값으로 사용하고, 해당 값의 잔차를 회귀방식으로 추정하는 네트워크를 설계했다. 이러한 방식으로 여러 SOTA 알고리즘 대비 좋은 성능을 나타냈고, 특히 이와 유사한 방식인 Plane-residual net 보다 높은 성능을 보여준다.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.5 s.207
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• pp.15-42
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• 2005

The Purpose of this study was to explore the relation between the marital process of completion and marital satisfaction. The Data was collected by in_depth personal interview. Fifteen respondents who had been remarried for over 5 years were chosen by a researcher independently from a province in South Korea and comprised 8 females(over 55 ages) and 7 males(over 60 ages ). The Results were as fellows: 1. The Remarriage process of completion was an important process for arranging a marriage with a partner. This process was reached through the remarriage motive of the remarried person who was chosen by introduction of a family member or a friend and through meeting with a familiar friend. The factors were remarriage motive, meeting with a spouse, children's response about remarriage, and remarriage decision. 2. The success of the marital process of completion depended on a support from families and friends in order to develop their conjugal relation. Therefore conjugal relation was an important relation in marital satisfaction. Particularly, the parents-child relation, relation between a stepbrother and stepsister, and social support for remarried persons were important relations in their marital satisfaction.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.193-206
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• 2018

In this study, as part of the "Small-scale $CO_2$ Injection-Demonstration Project in Offshore Pohang Basin", we performed drilling and completion of a $CO_2$ injection well from the offshore platform installed in the Yeongil Bay, Pohang city, Gyeongsang buk-do. The drilling of injection well was carried out from an offshore platform installing on the sediment formations of the Pohang Basin. Drilling diameters were reduced by stages, depending on the formation pressure and groundwater pressure along a depth and the casing installation and cement grouting in drilled hole were performed at each stage. The injection well was drilled to a final depth of 816.5 m with a hole diameter of 4 7/8 inches (${\Phi}124mm$) and the perforated casing for an injection section was installed in a depth of 746.5~816.5 m. Injection tubing, packer, and christmas tree were installed for the completion of an injection well for $CO_2$. The validation project of the $CO_2$ injection was accomplished successfully by drilling the injection well and installing the injection facilities, and through the suitable $CO_2$ injection process. The current injection facility is a facility for small-scale injection demonstration of 100 tons. In the case of large-scale demonstration facility test of a capacity of 10,000 tons, research is underway through the upgrading of the injection facilities.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2024

The Comprehensive Rural Village Development Project, a resident-led bottom-up regional development project, began in 2004. This study investigated difficulties and problems in the operation process after the completion of the project, and future improvement plans, through in-depth interviews with the former and current chairman of the steering committee, steering committee members, and office managers, targeting three regions in Jeollanam-do, 15 years after the completion of the project. As a result of the survey and analysis, it was effective in improving the living environment and characteristics of each village and revitalizing the area. And while there were well-run facilities depending on the type of project, there were also many idle facilities. In the case of communal facilities, there was a high possibility of problems in operation and management when the scale of the new building was large. Conflicts occurred between villages in the process of independently operating the area after the completion of the project. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an S/W project program to prepare for after completion. Local governments need to utilize City and County Capacity Enhancement Projects to support regional leaders to participate in educational programs after completion and provide guidance and supervision for village operations.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.683-694
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• 2023

Let a be an ideal of 𝔞 commutative noetherian ring R. We give some descriptions of the 𝔞-depth of 𝔞-relative Cohen-Macaulay modules by cohomological dimensions, and study how relative Cohen-Macaulayness behaves under flat extensions. As applications, the perseverance of relative Cohen-Macaulayness in a polynomial ring, formal power series ring and completion are given.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.129-134
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• 2020

The current evaluation time period for the construction management service is the project completion or after project completion. Therefore, the construction manager has the following problems. First, it is difficult to prepare the evaluation due to the new field movement of the existing participating engineer. Next, the CM work is complex as well as extensive. Therefore, the critical success factors of the construction technology services evaluation are required as a systematic performance standard of CM work. In this study, we extracted the critical success factors that can systematically prepare the evaluation from the early stage of the project through in - depth interviews with experts. And, this study was analyze the priority of each factor by using AHP technique. As a result, the most important factors were related to the systemization of the preparation process, the construction manager work capabilities and practical construction management. And the priorities of all factors were analyzed high in the factors suggested by the owner groups. The results of this analysis are expected to provide the standards that construction management service performer carry out structured management of construction management throughout the project.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.211-217
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• 2023

Background: Oral cavity cancers, the second most common type in India, are responsible for 10% of the overall cancer burden. With a recurrence rate of 30% to 40% and a 5-year survival rate of 50%, these malignancies account for substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in treatment modalities, survival rates following treatment completion have not improved significantly. The present study aimed to establish specific epidemiological and pathological factors responsible for recurrence after treatment completion in buccal mucosa cancers. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the data of 116 patients treated for biopsy-proven cancers of the buccal mucosa was undertaken 1 year after treatment completion. Factors such as age, sex, education, lymphovascular invasion, extranodal extension (ENE), perineural invasion, depth of invasion, and pathological margin status were compared between patients who presented with recurrence and those who did not. Statistical significance was set at p< 0.05. Results: Of the 116 patients, 40 (34.5%) developed a recurrent disease within 1 year. The mean age of the study population was 43.3 years, and males constituted 91.4% of the included patients. Ipsilateral buccal mucosa was the commonest site of disease recurrence. Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were significantly related to the recurrence of disease. However, surprisingly, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and depth of invasion > 10 mm did not show statistically significant associations. Conclusion: Neck node metastasis, ENE, and margins of resection < 5 mm were the histopathological factors associated with recurrence in cancers of the buccal mucosa.